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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during MAAS cruise from Nederland to Suriname started at 1835-05-17 [dataset]. Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands, Den Haag, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750554, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 30.639722 * Median Longitude: -22.342778 * South-bound Latitude: 6.050000 * West-bound Longitude: -53.910000 * North-bound Latitude: 52.810000 * East-bound Longitude: 4.090000
Date/Time Start: 1835-05-17T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1835-06-22T00:00:00
Event(s):
Maas_18350517_MAR_D23905_2748 * Latitude Start: 53.000000 * Longitude Start: 4.490000 * Latitude End: 6.180000 * Longitude End: -55.410000 * Date/Time Start: 1835-05-17T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1835-06-22T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Maas (Fregat), Voyage: Nederland - Suriname, 1st Observer: Arriens (Kapitein), Company: MAR, Other ship information: SCHIP IS BEWAPEND MET 28 STUKKEN A 18 POND, 2 STUKKEN A 8 POND EN 18 CARONNADEN A 30 POND
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
11 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
12 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
13 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the second landmark
14 LandmarkLandmarkName of third landmark
15 BearingBearingBearing of the third landmark
16 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the third landmark
17 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
18 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
19 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
20 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
21 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
22 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
23 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
24 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
25 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
26 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
27 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
28 Present weatherwwWeather description
29 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
30 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
31 Cloud typeCloud type
32 ClearnessClearness
33 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
34 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
35 FogFog1 If fog was reported
36 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
37 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
38 HailHail1 If hail was reported
39 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
40 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1011 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
11 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
12 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
13 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the second landmark)
14 
Landmark
(Name of third landmark)
15 
Bearing
(Bearing of the third landmark)
16 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the third landmark)
17 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
18 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
19 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
20 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
21 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
22 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
23 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
24 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
25 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
26 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
27 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
28 
ww
(Weather description)
29 
Precip descr
30 
State sea descr
31 
Cloud type
32 
Clearness
33 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
34 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
35 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
36 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
37 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
38 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
39 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
40 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1835-05-17T12:0052.814.091581.01017.512.2SCHEVENINGEN (GIS)Z 7/8 O10VUUR GALLOPIER (GIS)ZW 1/2 W W/Z W261VM8ZW2.25WARE BEKOMEN LENGTE IS STEEDS HET GEMIDDELDE VAN DE TIJDMETERS NR. 85 EN NR. 86.-2254.00763.10ZWTZ-ZFLAUWE KOELTE EN FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000155340
1835-05-18T12:0051.211.58451.01011.512.8VUURSCHIP OP DE ZUIDKANT VAN T GOM (GIS)N 55° ONOORDELIJKSTE VUUR VAN ZUID VOORLAND (GIS)N 30° WDUNGENES (GIS)ZWTW IETS W51VM8-2355.00758.60OZO-ONOFLAUWE KOELTEMOOI WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000155341
1835-05-19T12:0050.52-0.40672.61010.015.0CULVER KLIPN 11° WCATHERINAS PUNTN 56°WPORTLAND (GIS)W151VM8-2359.00757.50OTN-OFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000155342
1835-05-20T12:0050.22-2.202811.01015.114.4STARTPOINT (GIS)W 1/4 N14EDDY STONE (GIS)W IETS Z201VM8WZW13.00-2358.00761.30NW-NWTWFLAUWE KOELTEWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000155343
1835-05-21T12:0049.98-3.80882.61021.313.3LEZARD (GIS)W IETS Z13MEEUWESTEEN (GIS)NWTW61VM8WZW 7/8 W16.00-2556.00766.00ONO-OZOLABBER EN STILMOOI WEERHEIÏGE LUCHT0000000155344
1835-05-22T12:0049.77-4.832002.61021.316.1LEZARD (GIS)NWTW51VM8WZW 1/2 W9.75-2561.00766.00ZZW-ZWFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEZWARE MISTBETROKKEN LUCHT, OPKLARENDE LUCHT0010000155345
1835-05-23T12:0048.49-6.062451.01022.714.4KAAP FORIANA (GIS)ZZW88KAAP ORTEGAL (GIS)ZTW 1/2 W73HEYSANT (GIS)O 1/8 N5VM8ZZW 2/3 W25.00-2558.00767.00WTZ-WFLAUWE KOELTEHOGE DEINING UIT HET WBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000155346
1835-05-24T12:0047.83-6.952232.61023.215.6KAAP ORTEGAL (GIS)ZTW IETS Z61KAAP FORIANA (GIS)ZZW 1/4 Z75VM8ZW 1/8 W13.25-2560.00767.40WNW-WZWFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEHOGE DEINING UIT HET W-NWHELDERE LUCHT0000000155347
1835-05-25T13:0048.07-7.992436.71018.015.6KAAP ORTEGAL (GIS)Z IETS O65KAP FORIANA (GIS)ZTW76VM8WNW 1/2 W11.00-2760.00763.50WTN-WONGESTADIGE MARSZEILSKOELTEAANSCHIETENDE ZEEBUIÏGE LUCHT0000000155348
1835-05-26T13:0046.86-7.692906.7998.015.6KAAP ORTEGAL (GIS)Z 1/3 W46KAAP FORIANA (GIS)ZTW 1/2 W59VM8ZTO18.50-2560.00748.50WTZ-NWONGESTADIGE MARSZEILSKOELTE EN BRAMZEILSKOELTEAFNEMENDE REGENBUIENHOOGLOPENDE ZEEDIKKE LUCHT1100000155349
1835-05-27T13:0045.30-9.132904.61009.914.4KAAP FORIANA (GIS)Z 1/3 W33VM8ZWTZ18.25-2558.00757.40NWTW-NWONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN MINDERE KOELTEWEINIG REGENAFSLECHTENDE ZEEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0100000155350
1835-05-28T13:0043.30-11.403584.61014.913.9PUNT TRISTAN OP MADERA (GIS)ZZW 1/4 W168VM8ZW 1/2 Z38.50-2557.00761.20N-NNOONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIÏGE LUCHT, BEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000155351
1835-05-29T13:0040.45-12.973156.71024.715.6MADERA (GIS)ZZW 1/4 W120VM8ZZW47.00-2360.00768.50NNWONGESTADIGE MEEST STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000155352
1835-05-30T13:0038.23-14.093152.61025.316.1PUNT LORENZA OP MADERA (GIS)ZZW IETS Z93PORTO SANTO (GIS)ZZW 1/3 Z86EIGHT STONES (GIS)ZWTZ 1/3 Z65VM8ZZW31.00-2361.00769.00NW-NNWFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000155353
1835-05-31T13:0036.28-14.872372.6EIGHT STONES (GIS)ZW33PUNT TRISTAN OP MADERA (GIS)ZZW 2/3 W61VM8ZTW 2/3 W30.50-22W-WTZONGESTADIGE KOELTEREGENBUIÏGE LUCHT0100000155354
1835-06-01T13:0033.53-16.622932.01017.318.3PORTO SANTOZO 1° OOHOEK VAN MADERAZ 2/3 OWHOEK VAN MADERAZZWVM8ZZW 1/4 W45.50-2265.00763.00NW-NWONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTE, AFNEMENDE KOELTEIN EN UITLOPEND WOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000155355
1835-06-02T13:0031.18-18.623182.61022.018.9NOORDPUNT VAN PALMA (GIS)ZTO IETS O36BRAMASPUNT BIJ SURINAME (GIS)ZW 3/4 W644VM8ZWTZ42.50-2066.00766.50NW-NNWFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEERWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000155356
1835-06-03T13:0029.58-20.05251.01025.319.4BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZW 7/8 W595PALMA (GIS)OZO IETS Z26VM8ZW 7/8 Z30.00-2067.00769.00NNO-NOFLAUWE KOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000155357
1835-06-04T13:0028.44-21.223401.01022.020.0BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZWTW IETS Z585VM8ZW 1/8 Z23.75-2068.00766.50NNO-NFLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000155358
1835-06-05T13:0027.40-22.473411.01020.720.0BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZW 7/8 W576VM8ZW23.50-1968.00765.50NFLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000155359
1835-06-06T14:0026.48-23.32831.01022.021.1BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZWTW555VM8ZW 1/4 Z17.00-1870.00766.50NO-OTZFLAUWE KOELTEGOED WEERWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000155360
1835-06-07T14:0025.94-24.14721.01024.721.7BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZWTW545VM8ZW 1/3 W14.00-1871.00768.50OFLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000155361
1835-06-08T14:0024.62-25.82274.61026.721.1BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZWTW IETS W522VM8ZW23.75-1870.00770.00ONO-NOBRAMZEILSKOELTE EN FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEREGENBETROKKEN LUCHT0100000155362
1835-06-09T14:0022.94-27.583432.61024.022.8BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZWTW IETS W475VM8ZW 1/4 W41.25-1773.00768.00NFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000155363
1835-06-10T14:0021.41-29.31304.61023.222.8BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZWTW 1/4 W449HOEK VAN MAROWIJNEN (GIS)ZW IETS W435VM8ZW IETS W33.50-1573.00767.40NOBRAMZEILSKOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000155364
1835-06-11T14:0019.52-31.68304.6BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZWTW 1/3 W401MAROWIJNE RIVIER (GIS)ZWTW 1/8 W386VM8ZW 1/2 W44.00-15NOBRAMZEILSKOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT,OPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000155365
1835-06-12T14:0018.00-33.96434.61020.924.4BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZWTW 1/3 W360MAROWIJNE RIVIER (GIS)ZWTW 1/8 W345VM8ZWTW40.00-1376.00765.70NO-NOTOBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000155366
1835-06-13T14:0016.50-36.53234.61020.925.6BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZWTW 1/3 W317MAROWIJNE RIVIER (GIS)ZWTW 1/8 W309VM8ZWTW 1/4 W44.00-1178.00765.70NO-NOTNBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000155367
1835-06-14T15:0015.20-38.89604.61020.025.6BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZWTW 1/3 W279MAROWIJNE RIVIER (GIS)ZWTW 1/4 W266VM8ZWTW 3/8 W39.00-878.00765.00ONOONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000155368
1835-06-15T15:0013.57-41.48604.6BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZWTW 1/2 W235MAROWIJNE RIVIER (GIS)ZWTW 1/4 W223VM8ZWTW 1/8 W45.25-8NOTO-ONOBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000155369
1835-06-16T15:0011.96-44.25754.61018.726.1BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZWTW 3/8 W188MAROWIJNE RIVIER (GIS)ZWTW IETS W172VM8ZWTW 1/4 W47.50-479.00764.00OZO-OTNONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTEWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT, BETROKKEN LUCHT0000000155370
1835-06-17T15:009.70-46.50646.71019.326.7BRAMSPUNT (GIS)ZWTW 7/8 W141MAROWIJNE RIVIER (GIS)ZWTW 1/2 W124VM8ZW47.50-480.00764.50ONOBRAMZEILSKOELTE, STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000155371
1835-06-18T15:008.00-48.88786.71017.327.2BRAMSPUNT (GIS)WZW 1/3 W96MAROWIJNE RIVIER (GIS)ZWTW 3/4 W79VM8ZWTW45.50-181.00763.00ZO-OTNBRAMZEILSKOELTE, BUIEN MET STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEREGENBUIENOPKLARENDE LUCHT1100000155372
1835-06-19T15:007.57-50.24554.6BRAMSPUNT (GIS)WZW 1/3 W77MAROWIJNE RIVIER (GIS)ZWTW 1/2 W61VM8WZW 1/4 W19.25-1NOTOONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTEDONDERBUIENWEINIG REGENWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT1100100155373
1835-06-20T15:006.12-52.161586.7MAROWIJNE RIVIER (GIS)WZW 2/3 W24BRAMSPUNT (GIS)W 1/4 Z45NAASTE LAND (ISLES SALUT) (GIS)ZZW10VM8ZW 3/10 W36.500OTZ-ZZOSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIÏGE LUCHT, BETROKKEN LUCHT0000000155374
1835-06-21T16:006.05-53.911371.0MOTKREEKZ 28° WVM8W 1/4 Z25.252O-ZOFLAUWE KOELTEMOOI WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000155375
1835-06-22T00:00794.6FALS BRAMSPUNTZWTW 1/2 WWESTELIJKST ZICHTBARE LANDZWTW1VM8OTNONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTEREGENBUIÏGE LUCHT0100000155376