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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during LUCIPARAS cruise from Buenos Aires to New York started at 1851-03-08 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750532, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 2.378983 * Median Longitude: -48.955932 * South-bound Latitude: -35.900000 * West-bound Longitude: -74.020000 * North-bound Latitude: 38.550000 * East-bound Longitude: -33.500000
Date/Time Start: 1851-03-08T16:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1851-05-06T00:00:00
Event(s):
Luciparas_18510308_P_REIS_8A_P81-100 * Latitude Start: -36.070000 * Longitude Start: -55.750000 * Latitude End: 40.670000 * Longitude End: -74.040000 * Date/Time Start: 1851-03-08T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1851-05-06T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Lucipara'S, Voyage: Buenos Aires - New York, 1st Observer: J. Kloppenburg (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
11 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
12 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
13 CommentCommentAny remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about any biological item
14 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
15 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
16 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
17 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
18 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
19 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
20 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
21 Present weatherwwWeather description
22 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
23 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
24 Cloud typeCloud type
25 ClearnessClearness
26 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
27 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
28 FogFog1 If fog was reported
29 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
30 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
31 HailHail1 If hail was reported
32 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
33 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1158 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
11 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
12 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
13 
Comment
(Any remark, found in the logb...)
14 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
15 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
16 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
17 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
18 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
19 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
20 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
21 
ww
(Weather description)
22 
Precip descr
23 
State sea descr
24 
Cloud type
25 
Clearness
26 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
27 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
28 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
29 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
30 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
31 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
32 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
33 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1851-03-08T16:00-35.90-54.73561015.321.1VM81170.002998.00NOONGESTADIGH020000000153866
1851-03-09T16:00-35.58-54.251011011.621.7VM81171.002987.00OAANNEMENDW20Z01V10, V050100000153867
1851-03-10T16:00-34.97-53.8719113.11000.720.6VM81169.002955.00ZHARDE DUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEZ010000000153868
1851-03-11T15:00-34.40-50.522781003.823.3VM8874.002964.00WAFNEMENDV000000000153869
1851-03-12T15:00-33.17-48.1816612.31005.821.7VM8871.002970.00ZZOONGESTADIG STIJVE SOMS HARDE KOELTEV01H000000000153870
1851-03-13T15:00-31.07-44.931272.61012.921.7VM8371.002991.00ZOTOBOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTEV040000000153871
1851-03-14T15:00-28.07-44.272612.3VM83NNOAANWAKKEREND TOT STIJVE KOELTEW30 ZWV040000100153872
1851-03-15T15:00-29.23-42.88484.61016.023.9VM8375.003000.00NOBRAMZEILSKOELTEV030000000153873
1851-03-16T15:00-30.60-40.37341011.623.3VM8074.002987.00NOTNONGESTADIG0000000153874
1851-03-17T15:00-30.18-37.882142.61009.221.7VM8071.002980.00ZWTZBOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTEV00, V010000000153875
1851-03-18T14:00-28.33-36.572212.61015.621.7VM8-471.002999.00ZWBOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTEV00, V010000000153876
1851-03-19T14:00-25.77-35.751301.01020.723.9VM8-575.003014.00ZOFRISSE KOELTEV010000000153877
1851-03-20T14:00-22.25-35.83621019.426.7VM8-680.003010.00ONOONGESTADIGW00W201100000153878
1851-03-21T14:00-19.40-36.1751.01016.027.8VM8-682.003000.00NTOFLAUW EN STIL0000000153879
1851-03-22T14:00-18.60-36.75392.61016.028.9VM8-684.003000.00NOBOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTEV01H000000000153880
1851-03-23T14:00-17.03-37.47611.01016.030.0VM8-786.003000.00ONOFLAUW EN STIL0000000153881
1851-03-24T15:00-16.10-37.53642.61016.027.8VM8-482.003000.00ONOBOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000153882
1851-03-25T14:00-14.07-37.37831016.027.8KUST VAN BRAZILIEWNWVM8-782.003000.00OLICHTE KOELTEH000000000153883
1851-03-26T14:00-12.53-37.30106998.028.9VM8-784.002947.00OZOLICHTE KOELTEH000000000153884
1851-03-27T14:00-11.08-36.531051015.028.3VM8-883.002997.00OZOLICHTE KOELTE0000000153885
1851-03-28T14:00-12.48-36.301052.61015.028.9VM8-884.002997.00OZOBOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTEV00, V040000000153886
1851-03-29T14:00-10.77-35.55932.61015.027.8KUSTNNWVM8-882.002997.00OTZBOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTEV00, V01, V040000000153887
1851-03-30T14:00-9.38-34.8782VM8-8N-OONGESTADIGW00W201100000153888
1851-03-31T14:00-8.20-34.701162.9VM8-8ZOTOAANWAKKEREND TOT FRISSE BOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTEV00, V010000000153889
1851-04-01T14:00-5.50-33.501051011.228.9VM8-884.002986.00OZOFRISSE KOELTE, TEGEN DE MIDDAG MINDER KOELTEV010000000153890
1851-04-02T14:00-2.90-35.25116986.928.9VM8-884.002914.00ZOTOLICHTE KOELTE0000000153891
1851-04-03T14:00-0.97-36.971041009.929.4VM8-985.002982.00OZOONGESTADIGE LICHTE KOELTEW00W21V101100000153892
1851-04-04T15:001.10-38.10501011.627.8VM8-682.002987.00NOTOLICHTE KOELTEVOLLE KIMMEN0000000153893
1851-04-05T15:002.03-38.782421010.628.9VM8-684.002984.00O-WZW0000000153894
1851-04-06T15:002.32-38.83171011.928.3VM8-683.002988.00NNOONGESTADIG0000000153895
1851-04-07T15:003.65-39.47271.01008.927.8VM8-782.002979.00NOTNFRISSE GESTADIGE KOELTEV01H010000000153896
1851-04-08T15:006.10-41.501062.91010.628.3VM8-783.002984.00OZOGESTADIGE FRISSE BOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTEV00, V010000000153897
1851-04-09T15:009.18-43.43512.91012.627.8VM8-582.002990.00NOTOFRISSE BOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTEPASSAAT WEER0000000153898
1851-04-10T15:0012.37-45.57632.61013.627.2VM8AANVULLING OP DE VORM BEWOLKING: BEND ZO.-581.002993.00ONOBOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTEV01, BOVENWL NW0000000153899
1851-04-11T15:0014.85-47.7575VM8ZIEN KROOST DRIJVEN IN ZEE. LEVENDIG VAN KLEUR.AANVULLING OP DE VORM BEWOLKING: BEND ZO.-4OTNLICHTE KOELTEV01, BOVENWL NW0000000153900
1851-04-12T15:0016.88-49.401421.01012.925.6VM8-478.002991.00ZOTZFLAUWE KOELTEVOLWERKENDE LUCHT W-NW0000000153901
1851-04-13T15:0017.78-50.123091.01012.625.0VM8-677.002990.00NWFLAUW EN STILHELDERE LUCHT0000000153902
1851-04-14T15:0017.97-50.923540.0VM8DRIJFT VEEL KROOST.-6NSTIL MET NOORDELIJKE LUCHTJES0000000153903
1851-04-15T15:0017.23-51.62411.01016.026.7VM8-480.003000.00NOFLAUW0000000153904
1851-04-16T15:0018.45-52.32621017.026.7VM8-680.003003.00ONOLICHTE KOELTEH000000000153905
1851-04-17T16:0019.53-53.181321017.025.6VM8-378.003003.00ZOLICHTE KOELTEV000000000153906
1851-04-18T16:0021.07-54.571772.91016.025.6VM8-378.003000.00ZBOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTE AANWV13 NNW0000000153907
1851-04-19T16:0023.07-56.252870.01013.626.1VM8ZIEN GROTE VELDEN KROOST DRIJVEN FRIS VAN KLEUR.-679.002993.00WNWFLAUW RONDGAANDE TOT BLADSTILV000000000153908
1851-04-20T16:0023.50-56.370.01018.026.1VM8VEEL KROOST.-679.003006.00STIL0000000153909
1851-04-21T16:0023.60-56.701741016.325.6VM8VEEL KROOST.-678.003001.00ZLICHTE KOELTEV000000000153910
1851-04-22T16:0024.37-57.621991016.026.1VM8-479.003000.00ZZWS01 NWV01H000000000153911
1851-04-23T16:0026.15-59.932441016.725.0VM8-477.003002.00WZWS01 NWV040000000153912
1851-04-24T16:0026.67-60.63862.61019.422.8VM8-473.003010.00OFLAUW TOT BOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTEV00, V010000000153913
1851-04-25T16:0027.78-62.652442.61016.024.4VM8-476.003000.00WZWBOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTEV01H010000000153914
1851-04-26T16:0029.60-64.772321.21016.023.3VM8-474.003000.00ZWTWFRISSE AANW KOELTEREGENH010100000153915
1851-04-27T16:0031.68-67.1227712.31002.424.4VM8-476.002960.00WTNDUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEW00Z01V10, V001000000153916
1851-04-28T16:0033.15-66.772629.31012.620.0VM8-868.002990.00WONGESTADIGE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000153917
1851-04-29T17:0032.77-68.052881.01017.318.9VM8-566.003004.00WNWAFNEMENDE KOELTE TOT FLAUWV00, V010000000153918
1851-04-30T17:0033.03-67.87400.01023.418.3VM8-565.003022.00NOFLAUW TOT STILV010000000153919
1851-05-01T17:0034.32-69.282202.91019.420.6VM8-569.003010.00ZWSTIJVE BOVEN BRAMZEILSKOELTEV010000000153920
1851-05-02T17:0035.82-72.423551016.015.6VM8-560.003000.00NLICHTE KOELTEV000000000153921
1851-05-03T17:0036.12-72.331532.91022.816.7VM8-562.003020.00ZZOAANW KOELTE0000000153922
1851-05-04T17:0038.20-73.77411011.615.6VM8-460.002987.00NOONGESTADIGW00W201100000153923
1851-05-05T17:0038.55-74.0235612.3997.09.4VM8-449.002944.00NO-NDUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEW00W201100000153924
1851-05-06T00:0010000000153925