García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during LIVERPOOL cruise from St. Helena to Plymouth started at 1764-08-07 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750486, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 23.184545 * Median Longitude: -21.761273 * South-bound Latitude: -15.230000 * West-bound Longitude: -33.150000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.780000 * East-bound Longitude: -6.420000
Date/Time Start: 1764-08-07T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1764-09-30T12:00:00
Event(s):
Liverpool_17640807_NMM_ADM/L/L168 * Latitude Start: -15.890000 * Longitude Start: -5.750000 * Latitude End: 50.299000 * Longitude End: -4.150000 * Date/Time Start: 1764-08-07T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1764-09-30T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Liverpool (6th Rate Frigate), Voyage: St Helena - Plymouth, 1st Observer: John Okes (Captain), 2nd Observer: Martin Waghorn (1st Officer/Master), 3rd Observer: Daniel Robert Lemon (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 28G 586BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 14 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 17 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 18 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 19 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 20 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 21 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 22 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 23 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 24 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 25 | Comment | Comment | ||||
| 26 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
1027 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 14 ww (Weather description) | 15 Precip descr | 16 State sea descr | 17 Clearness | 18 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 19 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 20 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 21 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 22 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 23 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 24 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 25 Comment | 26 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1764-08-07T12:00 | -15.23 | -6.42 | 157 | 9.3 | ST HELENA | SE | 21 | N | 64.00 | -12 | SBE | FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151114 | ||||
| 1764-08-08T13:00 | -13.72 | -7.85 | 136 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | S | 21 | N44W | 126.00 | -10 | SEBS | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151115 | ||||
| 1764-08-09T13:00 | -12.35 | -9.42 | 147 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | E | 120 | N40W | 116.00 | -11 | SSE | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151116 | ||||
| 1764-08-10T13:00 | -11.33 | -10.42 | 135 | 2.6 | ST HELENA | E45 | 131 | N44W | 85.00 | -11 | SEBS | LIGHT BREEZES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151117 | |||||
| 1764-08-11T13:00 | -9.88 | -11.80 | 124 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | 197 | N48W | 119.00 | -11 | SE | MODERATE BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151118 | |||||
| 1764-08-12T13:00 | -8.13 | -12.77 | 138 | ST HELENA | 197 | N43W | 140.00 | -8 | SEBS | A BRISK GALE THE FIRST PART | LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151119 | ||||||
| 1764-08-13T13:00 | -6.00 | -14.80 | 137 | ST HELENA | 42E (?) | 69 | N32W | 131.00 | -9 | SEBS | A BRISK GALE THE FIRST PART | LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151120 | |||||
| 1764-08-14T13:00 | -3.65 | -16.07 | 115 | ST HELENA | 42E (?) | 69 | N33W | 113.00 | -9 | SEBE | A BRISK GALE THE FIRST PART | LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151121 | |||||
| 1764-08-15T13:00 | -2.03 | -17.33 | 114 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | 42E (?) | 69 | N31W | 137.00 | -10 | SEBE | PLEASANT BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151122 | ||||
| 1764-08-16T13:00 | -1.18 | -19.08 | 151 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | 390 | N3W | 130.00 | -7 | SSE | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151123 | |||||
| 1764-08-17T13:00 | 0.15 | -19.08 | 117 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | 390 | N29W | 100.00 | -7 | SEBE | MODERATE | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151124 | |||||
| 1764-08-18T13:00 | 2.48 | -19.93 | 128 | ST HELENA | 130E | 466 | N30W | 102.00 | -7 | SE | FIRST PART MODERATE | LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151125 | |||||
| 1764-08-19T13:00 | 4.15 | -20.70 | 150 | ST HELENA | S36E | 499 | N49W | 101.00 | -8 | SSE | FIRST PART MODERATE | LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151126 | |||||
| 1764-08-20T13:00 | 6.17 | -21.30 | 183 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | S36E | 499 | N18W | 118.00 | -8 | SBW | MODERATE BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151127 | ||||
| 1764-08-21T13:00 | 7.70 | -21.77 | 205 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | S36E | 499 | N14W | 105.00 | -9 | SWBS | MODERATE BREEZES | CLOUDY TOWARDS NOON | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151128 | ||||
| 1764-08-22T13:00 | 9.17 | -21.82 | 284 | ST HELENA | S331E | 600 | N | 113.00 | -9 | WNW | UNSETTLED SQUALLY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151129 | ||||||
| 1764-08-23T13:00 | 10.08 | -21.82 | 295 | ST HELENA | S331E | 600 | N | 65.00 | -9 | NWBW | UNSETTLED SQUALLY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151130 | ||||||
| 1764-08-24T13:00 | 11.47 | -22.20 | 104 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | 130 | 653 | N14W | 79.00 | -9 | ESE | FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151131 | ||||
| 1764-08-25T13:00 | 10.38 | -21.92 | 216 | ST HELENA | S146E | 653 | N24E | 89.00 | -9 | SW | FIRST AND MIDDLE LITTLE WIND | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151132 | ||||||
| 1764-08-26T13:00 | 13.20 | -22.47 | 328 | 9.3 | ST HELENA | 29E | 670 | N35W | 53.00 | -10 | NNW | FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151133 | ||||
| 1764-08-27T14:00 | 14.38 | -23.15 | 15 | 9.3 | ST HELENA | 29E | 670 | N44W | 99.00 | -8 | NNE | FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151134 | ||||
| 1764-08-28T14:00 | 15.75 | -24.67 | 60 | 9.3 | ST HELENA | 29E | 670 | N33W | 108.00 | -8 | ENE | FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151135 | ||||
| 1764-08-29T14:00 | 17.32 | -24.97 | 37 | ST HELENA | 30E | 767 | N11W | 28.00 | -8 | NE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS WINDY | LIGHTNING IN THE NIGHT | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 151136 | ||||
| 1764-08-30T14:00 | 19.23 | -26.60 | 47 | 12.3 | ST HELENA | 30E | 767 | N39W | 144.00 | -9 | NEBE | A BRISK GALE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151137 | ||||
| 1764-08-31T14:00 | 21.02 | -28.18 | 49 | 12.3 | ST HELENA | 860 | N41W | 136.00 | -7 | NEBE | A BRISK GALE | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151138 | |||||
| 1764-09-01T14:00 | 22.48 | -29.58 | 38 | ST HELENA | S34 | 54 | N33W | 144.00 | -7 | NE | FRESH GALES THE FIRST PART | LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151139 | |||||
| 1764-09-02T14:00 | 24.95 | -30.88 | 37 | 9.3 | ST HELENA | S34E | 54 | N31W | 131.00 | -8 | NE | PLEASANT GALES | SMOOTH WATER | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151140 | |||
| 1764-09-03T14:00 | 27.02 | -31.82 | 48 | 9.3 | ST HELENA | S34E | 54 | N22W | 134.00 | -8 | NEBE | PLEASANT GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 151141 | |||
| 1764-09-04T14:00 | 29.13 | -32.42 | 58 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | 30E | 1039 | N14W | 139.00 | -10 | ENE | PLEASANT BREEZES | FAIR, SOME LIGHTNING AT NOON | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 151142 | ||||
| 1764-09-05T14:00 | 30.05 | -33.07 | 71 | 2.6 | ST HELENA | 30E | 1039 | N32W | 65.00 | -8 | EBN | MOST PART LIGHT BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151143 | ||||
| 1764-09-06T14:00 | 30.67 | -33.15 | 82 | 0.0 | ST HELENA | 30E | 1073 | N6W | 37.00 | -8 | E | FIRST PART LIGHT BREEZES, LATTER CALM | FIRST PART CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151144 | ||||
| 1764-09-07T14:00 | 31.50 | -32.37 | 305 | 0.0 | ST HELENA | 30E | 1073 | N24E | 99.00 | -10 | NW | FIRST PART LIGHT BREEZES, LATTER CALM, WITH SOME WINDS | RAIN | FIRST PART CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151145 | |||
| 1764-09-08T14:00 | 33.37 | -31.55 | 303 | 15.4 | ST HELENA | S26E | 1103 | N24E | 102.00 | -12 | NW | FIRST PART SQUALLY UNSETTLED WEATHER, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE GALES | FIRST PART FREQUENT SHOWERS OF RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151146 | ||||
| 1764-09-09T14:00 | 34.08 | -31.42 | 292 | 2.6 | ST HELENA | S26E | 1103 | N20E | 45.00 | -12 | NWBW | FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT BREEZES | FIRST PART FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151147 | ||||
| 1764-09-10T14:00 | 34.38 | -32.22 | 44 | 2.6 | ST HELENA | S26E | 1103 | N49W | 63.00 | -12 | NEBE | LIGHT BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151148 | ||||
| 1764-09-11T14:00 | 35.33 | -32.68 | 46 | 2.6 | ST HELENA | S30E | 1146 | N31W | 41.00 | -10 | NEBE | FIRST PART LIGHT BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER INTERMIXED WITH CALMS | MOST PART FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151149 | ||||
| 1764-09-12T14:00 | 36.50 | -32.33 | 191 | 2.6 | ST HELENA | S30E | 1146 | N22W | 46.00 | -12 | SSW | FIRST PART LIGHT BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER INTERMIXED WITH CALMS | MOST PART FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151150 | ||||
| 1764-09-13T14:00 | 38.50 | -32.43 | 99 | 12.3 | ST HELENA | S30E | 1146 | N2W | 131.00 | -14 | ESE | A BRISK GALE | MOST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151151 | ||||
| 1764-09-14T14:00 | 39.50 | -31.50 | 121 | 2.6 | ST HELENA | S30E | 1146 | N30E | 87.00 | -14 | SE | LIGHT BREEZES | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS FAIR, LATTER CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151152 | ||||
| 1764-09-15T14:00 | 41.33 | -29.93 | 189 | ST HELENA | S21E | 1231 | N30E | 131.00 | -14 | SSW | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS A BRISK GALE | LAST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151153 | |||||
| 1764-09-16T14:00 | 42.25 | -26.58 | 210 | 12.3 | ST HELENA | S21E | 1231 | N42E | 154.00 | -15 | SW | A BRISK GALE | FAIR, A GREAT DEW IN THE NIGHT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151154 | ||||
| 1764-09-17T14:00 | 44.50 | -25.10 | 185 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | S21E | 1231 | N53E | 127.00 | -18 | SSW | FIRST PART FRESH GALE, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | MOST PART HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151155 | ||||
| 1764-09-18T14:00 | 45.33 | -23.43 | 230 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | S15E | N54E | 94.00 | -18 | WSW | MODERATE BREEZES | IN THE NIGHT A THICK FOG | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151156 | ||||
| 1764-09-19T13:00 | 46.17 | -21.53 | 207 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | S15E | N59E | 86.00 | -18 | SW | MODERATE BREEZES | SMOOTH WATER | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151157 | ||||
| 1764-09-20T13:00 | 46.50 | -20.05 | 275 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | S15E | N73E | 69.00 | -18 | WNW | MODERATE BREEZES | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151158 | ||||||
| 1764-09-21T13:00 | 46.30 | -19.50 | 27 | 0.0 | ST HELENA | S62E | 1276 | N62W | 26.00 | -18 | NE | LIGHT BREEZES. FIRST AND LATTER PART MOSTLY CALM | SWELL FROM W | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151159 | |||
| 1764-09-22T13:00 | 46.83 | -18.50 | 72 | 2.6 | ST HELENA | S62E | 1270 | N52E | 52.00 | -18 | E | LIGHT BREEZES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151160 | ||||
| 1764-09-23T13:00 | 47.45 | -16.27 | 172 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | S62E | 1270 | N59E | 92.00 | -19 | SBW | MODERATE BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151161 | ||||
| 1764-09-24T13:00 | 48.07 | -14.87 | 238 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | S7:20E | 1291 | N70W | 74.00 | -21 | WBS | MODERATE BREEZES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151162 | ||||
| 1764-09-25T13:00 | 48.58 | -14.37 | 2 | 1.0 | ST HELENA | S7:20E | N35W | 35.00 | -21 | NNE | LIGHT AIRS | SOME DRIZZLING RAIN | NW SWELL | HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151163 | |||
| 1764-09-26T13:00 | 49.78 | -13.55 | 137 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | S7:20E | N23E | 83.00 | -21 | SSE | MODERATE BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151164 | |||||
| 1764-09-27T13:00 | 49.27 | -12.38 | 104 | 6.7 | ST HELENA | S30E | 1390 | S51E | 58.00 | -20 | SEBE | MODERATE BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151165 | ||||
| 1764-09-28T13:00 | 48.38 | -10.65 | 48 | 19.0 | ST HELENA | S30E | 1290 | S52E | 86.00 | -20 | ENE | FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | FIRST PART CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151166 | ||||
| 1764-09-29T13:00 | 49.48 | -8.98 | 48 | 19.0 | ST HELENA | S30E | 1290 | S51E | 86.00 | -20 | ENE | FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151167 | ||||
| 1764-09-30T12:00 | 48.32 | -7.22 | 25 | ST HELENA | S30E | 1280 | N55E | 87.00 | -20 | NE | FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FRESH BREEZES, LATTER SQUALLY | FIRST AND MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 151168 |