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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during LESPERANCE cruise from Europa to Cap de Bonne-Espérance started at 1791-09-29 [dataset]. Nederlands Instituut voor Wetenschappelijke Inform, Amsterdam, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750418, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -4.481505 * Median Longitude: -16.077527 * South-bound Latitude: -34.100000 * West-bound Longitude: -29.450000 * North-bound Latitude: 47.720000 * East-bound Longitude: 17.960000
Date/Time Start: 1791-09-29T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1792-01-16T11:00:00
Event(s):
LEsperance_17910929_F-1574 * Latitude Start: 48.180000 * Longitude Start: -5.220000 * Latitude End: -34.100000 * Longitude End: 17.960000 * Date/Time Start: 1791-09-29T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1792-01-16T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: L'Esperance, Voyage: Europa - Cap De Bonne-Espérance, 1st Observer: A. D?Hesmivy D?Auribeau (Kapitein), Company: ADM, Other ship information: HET GEDRUKTE BOEK HEET: RELATION DU VOYAGE A LA RECHERCHE DE LA PEROUSE. HET BETREFT EEN ZEER BEKENDE REIS WAAROVER OP INTERNET VEEL IS GEPUBLICEERD. HET TWEEDE DEEL BEVAT EEN TABEL MET METEREOLOGISCHE GEGEVENS, DEZE IS HIER VERWERKT.
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
10 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11 Sensor unitUnitUnits of the amount of water reported at the pump
12 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
14 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
15 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
16 Present weatherwwWeather description
17 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
18 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20 FogFog1 If fog was reported
21 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23 HailHail1 If hail was reported
24 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1670 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
10 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
11 
Unit
(Units of the amount of water ...)
12 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
14 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
15 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
16 
ww
(Weather description)
17 
Precip descr
18 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
19 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
20 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
21 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
22 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
23 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
24 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
25 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1791-09-29T12:0047.72-7.34666.71019.918.8TUSSENTIJDS IS DE REVOLUTIONAIRE KALENDER INGEVOERD, DAAROM HEB IK EXTRA TABEL TOEGEVOEGD. DE DRUK WORDT IN HET JOURNAAL WEERGEGEVEN MET PIEDS EN POUCES.? PIED? 12 POUCES.? POUCE=2,776666 CM.-24DUIM15.00280209.00EJOLI FRAISNUAGEUX0000000148630
1791-09-30T13:0047.17-8.10901.01022.120.0-2316.00280307.00ESEFOIBLECOUVERT0000000148631
1791-10-01T13:0046.82-8.703371.01022.920.0-2316.00280309.00NVARIABLE, FOIBLECOUVERT0000000148632
1791-10-02T13:0046.60-8.632251.01023.320.1-2316.10280402.00WSWFOIBLECOUVERT0000000148633
1791-10-03T13:0045.83-8.052921.21021.820.3-2316.20280306.00NWTRÈS-FOIBLECOUVERT0000000148634
1791-10-04T13:0045.66-8.9427012.31013.6-23280100.00WNWFRAISCOUVERT, GRAINS1000000148635
1791-10-06T13:0042.91-11.643606.71021.818.0-2314.40280306.00NNEJOLI FRAISNUAGEUX0000000148636
1791-10-08T13:0038.43-14.09249.31019.920.6-2116.50280209.00NEBON FRAISGRAINS1000000148637
1791-10-10T13:0034.22-15.0939.31019.920.0-2016.00280209.00NNEBON FRAISCOUVERT, GRAINS1000000148638
1791-10-12T13:0029.46-16.573426.71022.521.4-1817.10280308.00NJOLI FRAISBEAU0000000148639
1791-10-13T13:0028.58-16.3256.71016.625.31-1820.20280200.00NNEJOLI FRAISCLAIR, ENSUITE NUAGEUX0000000148640
1791-10-25T13:0025.38-17.12286.71019.623.8-1719.00280300.00NEPETIT FRAISNUAGES0000000148641
1791-10-26T13:0023.65-18.00296.71019.524.4-1619.50280208.00NEJOLI FRAISBEAU TEMPS0000000148642
1791-10-27T13:0021.61-18.73536.71019.624.4-1519.50280300.00ENEJOLI FRAISFORT BEAU0000000148643
1791-10-28T13:0020.04-19.65536.71018.423.8-1519.00280205.00ENEJOLI FRAISNUAGEUX, ENSUITE CLAIR0000000148644
1791-10-30T13:0017.95-20.09301.01019.624.8-1519.80280300.00NEFOIBLEBEAU0000000148645
1791-11-01T13:0015.02-21.08286.71018.826.3-1421.00280206.00NE1/4NPETIT FRAISCLAIR0000000148646
1791-11-02T13:0013.13-20.62286.71018.427.5-1422.00280205.00NE1/4NJOLI FRAISNUAGEUX0000000148647
1791-11-03T13:0012.16-20.32771019.927.3-1321.80280209.00EVARIABLECOUVERT, ORAGEUX0000100148648
1791-11-04T13:0010.47-19.142912.31019.927.8-1322.20280209.00NE1/4NFRAISNUAGEUX0000000148649
1791-11-05T13:009.16-18.77326.71018.128.5-1322.80280204.00NEJOLI FRAISNUAGEUX0000000148650
1791-11-06T13:009.12-18.673610.01017.728.5-1322.80280203.00CALMECALMENUAGEUX, ORAGEUX0000100148651
1791-11-07T13:009.03-18.663610.01019.528.1-1322.50280208.00CALMECALMEORAGEUX0000100148652
1791-11-08T13:008.39-18.32351.21017.327.9-1322.30280202.00NE1/4ETRÈS-FOIBLEORAGEUX0000100148653
1791-11-09T13:007.88-18.03556.71018.128.1-1322.50280204.00ENEPETIT FRAISORAGEUX0000100148654
1791-11-10T13:007.23-17.7610112.31019.527.1-1221.70280208.00ESEFRAIS INÉGALCOUVERTPLUVIEUX0100000148655
1791-11-11T13:007.08-17.57561.01019.627.4-1221.90280300.00ENEFOIBLECOUVERT, ENSUITE SEREIN0000000148656
1791-11-12T13:006.80-17.463610.01018.128.6-1422.90280204.00CALMECALMEUN PEU NUAGEUX0000000148657
1791-11-13T13:006.21-17.50991.01016.928.6-1422.90280109.00ESEFOIBLEBEAU0000000148658
1791-11-14T13:006.08-17.481211.21016.628.6-1422.90280200.00SETRÈS-FOIBLEBEAU0000000148659
1791-11-15T13:005.96-17.481210.01016.928.1-1422.50280109.00SECALMEGRAINS, COUVERTPLUVIEUX1100000148660
1791-11-16T13:005.63-17.801461.01016.628.6-1222.90280200.00SSEFOIBLENUAGEUX0000000148661
1791-11-17T13:005.28-17.801461.01018.428.1-1222.50280205.00SSEFOIBLEPLUVIEUX0100000148662
1791-11-18T13:005.13-17.843610.01016.627.5-1222.00280200.00CALMECALMEPLUVIEUX0100000148663
1791-11-19T13:005.10-17.941911.01016.927.5-1222.00280109.00SSWFOIBLEBEAUENSUITE PLUVIEUX0100000148664
1791-11-20T13:004.74-17.1618912.31016.627.5-1422.00280200.00SSWVARIABLE, FRAISTRÈS-PLUVIEUX0100000148665
1791-11-21T13:004.56-16.341891016.526.6-1421.30280108.00SSWINÉGALGRAINSPLUIE1100000148666
1791-11-22T13:004.53-16.63991.01014.027.3-1421.80280101.00ESEPRESQUE CALMECOUVERTPLUVIEUX0100000148667
1791-11-23T13:003.82-17.541466.71013.527.5-1222.00280008.00SSEJOLI FRAISGRAINS1000000148668
1791-11-24T13:003.36-18.511469.31014.327.0-1221.60280102.00SSEBON FRAISGRAINS1000000148669
1791-11-25T13:002.97-19.791466.71014.027.4-1221.90280101.00SSEJOLI FRAISNUAGEUX0000000148670
1791-11-26T13:002.15-21.051476.71014.726.9-1121.50280103.00SSEJOLI FRAISNUAGEUX0000000148671
1791-11-27T13:001.37-22.021246.71016.527.1-1121.70280108.00SEPETIT FRAISNUAGEUX0000000148672
1791-11-28T14:000.59-22.971306.71016.526.5-821.20280108.00SE1/4SJOLI FRAISBEAU TEMPS0000000148673
1791-11-29T14:00-1.00-24.051306.71014.326.6-821.30280102.00SE1/4SJOLI FRAISBEAU TEMPS0000000148674
1791-11-30T14:00-1.62-24.901276.71016.526.5-821.20280108.00SEJOLI FRAISNUAGEUX0000000148675
1791-12-01T14:00-2.98-25.901286.71017.726.5-721.20280203.00SEJOLI FRAISNUAGEUX, ENSUITE CLAIR0000000148676
1791-12-02T14:00-3.91-26.771256.71017.326.6-721.30280202.00SE1/4EJOLI FRAISNUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148677
1791-12-03T14:00-5.21-27.811286.71016.626.3-421.00280200.00SE1/4EJOLI FRAISNUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148678
1791-12-04T14:00-6.53-28.431096.71017.026.8-421.40280201.00ESEPETIT FRAISNUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148679
1791-12-05T14:00-7.62-28.66906.71017.726.9-321.50280203.00E1/4SEPETIT FRAISNUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148680
1791-12-06T14:00-9.09-29.03909.31019.126.9-321.50280207.00E1/4SEBONNE BRISENUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148681
1791-12-07T14:00-10.94-29.45876.71019.127.0-321.60280207.00EJOLI FRAISNUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148682
1791-12-08T14:00-11.77-29.33846.71019.526.3-321.00280208.00E1/4NEJOLI FRAISNUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148683
1791-12-09T14:00-12.82-28.83666.71018.425.9-220.70280205.00ENEJOLI FRAISBEAUPETITE PLUIE0100000148684
1791-12-10T14:00-14.27-28.22469.31019.525.6-220.50280208.00NE1/4EBONNE BRISENUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148685
1791-12-11T14:00-15.78-27.44439.31021.425.6-520.50280305.00NE1/4EBONNE BRISENUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148686
1791-12-12T14:00-16.96-26.83859.31021.825.6-520.50280306.00NE-EBONNE BRISENUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148687
1791-12-13T14:00-18.13-26.37831022.925.4-420.30280309.00E1/4NEMOYENNUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148688
1791-12-14T14:00-19.21-26.04866.71022.625.3-420.20280400.00EPETIT FRAISBEAU0000000148689
1791-12-15T14:00-20.57-26.12891023.325.4-420.30280402.00E1/4SEINÉGALTEMPS À GRAINS1000000148690
1791-12-16T14:00-22.31-26.38896.71019.925.5-420.40280209.00E1/4SEJOLI FRAISNUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148691
1791-12-17T14:00-23.82-26.98909.31026.424.4-319.50280502.00E1/4SEBON FRAISNUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148692
1791-12-18T14:00-25.39-27.15909.31025.623.8-319.00280500.00E1/4SEBON FRAISNUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148693
1791-12-19T14:00-26.61-27.16876.71024.424.3-319.40280405.00EJOLI FRAISCOUVERT0000000148694
1791-12-20T14:00-27.51-26.033586.71021.424.3-219.40280305.00E-NJOLI FRAISBEAU, UN PEU NUAGEUX0000000148695
1791-12-21T14:00-28.17-23.443366.71017.723.8-219.00280203.00NNWJOLI FRAISBEAU, UN PEU NUAGEUX0000000148696
1791-12-22T13:00-28.90-21.832886.71017.724.1-519.30280203.00NW-WNWPETIT FRAISCOUVERTPLUVIEUX0100000148697
1791-12-23T13:00-28.61-20.4615312.31022.522.5-518.00280308.00W-SSEFRAISCOUVERT0000000148698
1791-12-24T13:00-27.91-19.8810815.41026.722.0-517.60280503.00SSE-ESEGRAND FRAISCOUVERT0000000148699
1791-12-25T13:00-28.37-20.131309.31022.623.3-518.60280400.00SEBON FRAISCOUVERTPLUVIEUX0100000148700
1791-12-26T13:00-29.64-20.601276.71025.521.3-517.00280408.00SE1/4EJOLI FRAISCOUVERT0000000148701
1791-12-27T13:00-30.82-20.33851024.420.9-516.70280405.00EMOYENCOUVERT, BEAU0000000148702
1791-12-28T13:00-31.31-19.633551.01022.921.9-517.50280309.00NE-NFOIBLEBEAU0000000148703
1791-12-29T13:00-31.62-17.553581022.922.3-517.80280309.00N1/4NEMOYENBEAU0000000148704
1791-12-30T13:00-31.87-15.453521022.922.3-817.80280309.00NMOYENBEAU0000000148705
1791-12-31T13:00-32.13-13.42151010.622.0-817.60280000.00NNEMOYENBEAU0000000148706
1792-01-01T13:00-32.41-11.633521020.722.1-1117.70280303.00NNE-N1/4NEMOYENNUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148707
1792-01-02T13:00-32.53-9.253541020.322.1-917.70280302.00NNE-N1/4NEMOYENNUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148708
1792-01-03T12:00-32.77-6.8834812.31021.122.5-1218.00280304.00N1/4NE-NFRAISNUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148709
1792-01-04T12:00-32.87-4.903481023.022.5-1218.00280401.00N1/4NE-NMOYENBEAU0000000148710
1792-01-05T12:00-32.99-3.68111.01022.622.4-1217.90280400.00N-NNEFOIBLECOUVERT, BEAU0000000148711
1792-01-06T12:00-33.00-1.973451020.722.3-1517.80280303.00NMOYENBEAU0000000148712
1792-01-07T12:00-32.981.1334212.31016.122.5-1518.00280107.00N1/4NWFRAISBEAU0000000148713
1792-01-08T12:00-33.004.273209.31018.423.0-1818.40280205.00NNWBON FRAISCLAIR, ENSUITE NUAGEUX0000000148714
1792-01-09T12:00-33.016.413451.01022.622.6-1818.10280400.00NNW-N1/4NEFOIBLEBEAUPETITE PLUIE0100000148715
1792-01-10T12:00-33.047.133610.01025.923.0-1818.40280409.00NW, CALMEFOIBLE, CALMEBEAU0000000148716
1792-01-11T11:00-32.847.672721.21022.623.8-2119.00280400.00WNWTRÈS-FOIBLEBEAU, ENSUITE BRUMEUX0010000148717
1792-01-12T11:00-32.969.602491.21021.823.5-2118.80280306.00WTRÈS-FOIBLEBEAU, NUAGEUX0000000148718
1792-01-13T11:00-32.8911.292491020.021.3-2117.00280301.00WSW-WMOYENNUAGEUX, ENSUITE DÉCOUVERT0000000148719
1792-01-14T11:00-33.3213.092471017.722.5-2318.00280203.00WMOYENNUAGEUX, ENSUITE DÉCOUVERT0000000148720
1792-01-15T11:00-33.6514.462701015.423.1-2318.50280105.00WNWMOYENNUAGEUX, BEAU0000000148721
1792-01-16T11:00-34.1017.963359.31015.420.6-2516.50280105.00NNW-NBON FRAISCOUVERTUN PEU PLUVIEUX0100000148722