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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during LEOPARD cruise from Trincomalee to Spithead started at 1802-10-20 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750416, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -0.575182 * Median Longitude: 10.142818 * South-bound Latitude: -35.420000 * West-bound Longitude: -40.880000 * North-bound Latitude: 48.050000 * East-bound Longitude: 89.930000
Date/Time Start: 1802-10-20T06:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1803-02-22T13:00:00
Event(s):
Leopard_18021020_NMM_ADM/L/L100 * Latitude Start: 8.620000 * Longitude Start: 81.600000 * Latitude End: 50.680000 * Longitude End: -0.960000 * Date/Time Start: 1802-10-20T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1803-02-22T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Leopard (4th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Trincomalee - Spithead, 1st Observer: Thomas Surridge (Captain), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 50G 1044BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
14 Current speed descriptionV descr
15 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
16 Present weatherwwWeather description
17 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
18 ClearnessClearness
19 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
20 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
21 FogFog1 If fog was reported
22 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
23 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
24 HailHail1 If hail was reported
25 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
26 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2052 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
13 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
14 
V descr
15 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
16 
ww
(Weather description)
17 
Precip descr
18 
Clearness
19 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
20 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
21 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
22 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
23 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
24 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
25 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
26 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1802-10-20T06:007.0283.403176.7BALE OF COLLEN ROCKS23W37S51E142.002NWBN, WSW, SWBW, NWMODERATECLOUDY0000000148520
1802-10-21T06:005.2084.772386.7MAURITIUSS47W744S34E131.002SWBS, SWBWMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148521
1802-10-22T06:003.8588.232169.3MAURITIUSS54W750S42E109.002SW, SWBSFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000148522
1802-10-23T06:001.9088.23261MAURITIUSS54W750S37E148.002WSW, SWBS, WBSSQUALLY0000000148523
1802-10-24T06:000.1889.182382.6MAURITIUSS57W747S23E97.002VARIABLE, WSW, SWBWLIGHT BREEZESHAZY0000000148524
1802-10-25T06:00-1.0389.072616.7MAURITIUSS58W723S73.002VARIABLE, W, WBSMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148525
1802-10-26T06:00-2.8389.133626.7MAURITIUSS61W714S2E108.001W, VARIABLEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148526
1802-10-27T06:00-5.0789.932719.3MAURITIUSS2E134.001WBN, WBS, WFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148527
1802-10-28T06:00-5.6889.202159.3MAURITIUSS65W687S48W57.001SBW, SSE, SWBSFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148528
1802-10-29T06:00-7.2387.271362.6MAURITIUSS66W637S48W141.001SELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148529
1802-10-30T06:00-9.3284.571356.7MAURITIUSS68W579S48W185.000SEMODERATECLOUDY0000000148530
1802-10-31T06:00-10.5083.271356.7MAURITIUSS69W540S45W100.000SSE, SEBS, SEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148531
1802-11-01T07:00-12.4380.821346.7MAURITIUSS71W474S46W170.00-1SEMODERATECLEAR0000000148532
1802-11-02T07:00-14.6278.121339.3DEIGO RAISS74W402S45:30W188.00-2SEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148533
1802-11-03T07:00-15.8575.932226.7DEIGO RAISS72W247S58W140.00-3SWBW, SWMODERATECLEAR0000000148534
1802-11-04T07:00-17.3272.821436.7DEIGO RAISS76W194S63W195.00-3SSE, SEBSMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148535
1802-11-05T07:00-18.6570.401396.7DEIGO RAISS81:30W47S61W165.00-7E, SE, SEBSMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148536
1802-11-06T07:00-20.2068.401176.7DEIGO RAISN84W101S54W151.00-7SEBE, SEBEMODERATECLOUDY0000000148537
1802-11-07T08:00-21.2266.201036.7DEIGO RAISN61:30W65S6W140.00-10SE, ESEMODERATECLOUDY0000000148538
1802-11-08T08:00-22.3364.221486.7DEIGO RAISN20W57S60W132.00-10SEBS, SSE, SSEMODERATECLEAR0000000148539
1802-11-09T08:00-23.3261.651316.7MAURITIUSN51W100S67W152.00-15SE, ESE, SEBSMODERATECLOUDY0000000148540
1802-11-10T08:00-24.0259.78756.7CAPE ST MARYSN85:30W273S66W108.00-15EBS, EBN, ENE, EMODERATECLEAR0000000148541
1802-11-11T08:00-24.6057.83536.7CAPE ST MARYSS85:30W236S72:30W117.00-15NBE, NEBE, VARIABLE, ENEMODERATECLEAR0000000148542
1802-11-12T08:00-25.0057.133621.0CAPE ST MARYSS87W220S61W48.00-18NE, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS WITH CALMS0000000148543
1802-11-13T08:00-25.4355.83619.3CAPE ST MARYSS87W220-18VARIABLE, ESE, EBNFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000148544
1802-11-14T08:00-25.8554.533629.3CAPE ST MARYSN86W168S72W116.00-18E1/2S, EBN, VARIABLEFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000148545
1802-11-15T08:00-26.2352.533539.3CAPE ST MARYSN84W133S78W120.00-18E, VARIABLE, NBEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148546
1802-11-16T09:00-26.9850.27936.7CAPE ST MARYSN73W97S72W145.00-20EBS, VARIABLE, ESEMODERATE BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000148547
1802-11-17T09:00-27.8246.78886.7CAPE ST MARYSN36W56S74W184.00-25EBS, ENE, ESEMODERATE BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000148548
1802-11-18T09:00-28.9343.55439.3CAPE LAGULLASN73W406S70W193.00-25NE, N, ENEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148549
1802-11-19T09:00-29.2042.923582.6CAPE LAGULLASN73:30W396S65W38.00-25VARIABLE, NNELIGHT BREEZESHAZY0000000148550
1802-11-20T09:00-29.1741.903446.7CAPE LAGULLASS72:30W386N87W45.00-27N, VARIABLE, NBEMODERATECLEAR0000000148551
1802-11-21T09:00-29.3041.033621.0CAPE LAGULLASS72:30W370S80W48.00-27E, NE, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS WITH CALMS0000000148552
1802-11-22T09:00-29.7038.033566.7CAPE LAGULLASS71W324S80W141.00-27NNW, VARIABLE, NNEMODERATECLEAR0000000148553
1802-11-23T10:00-29.8335.501869.3CAPE LAGULLASS69W280S82W100.00-28SWBSFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000148554
1802-11-24T10:00-30.5834.171752.6CAPE LAGULLASS70W250S48W67.00-28ESE, VARIABLE, NBW, SSWLIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148555
1802-11-25T10:00-31.1032.453212.6CAPE LAGULLASS70W220S72W101.00-28WBN, SW, VARIABLE, NBWLIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000148556
1802-11-26T10:00-32.7030.232472.6CAPE LAGULLASS72:30W174S46W140.00-29W, WBS, WSW, W1/2NLIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000148557
1802-11-27T10:00-34.4828.902199.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPEW2N171S43W129.00-29SW, WBS, SSW, WSWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148558
1802-11-28T10:00-34.9728.372472.6CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN86W162S33W55.00-29NE-NBW, W1/2NLIGHT BREEZESHAZY0000000148559
1802-11-29T10:00-34.8028.253202.6CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN86:30W159N38W13.00-29SBW1/2W, SW, NWBW, NBWLIGHT BREEZESHAZY0000000148560
1802-11-30T10:00-35.0026.172879.3CAPE LAGULLASW99S82W87.00-28WNW, WBN, NWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148561
1802-12-01T11:00-35.4222.48277CAPE LAGULLASN68W42S77W156.00-27WNW, SWBS, SBW, NWBW0000000148562
1802-12-02T11:00-34.9719.532946.7CAPE GOOD HOPEN59W60S74W136.00-27W1/2N, NW, NW1/2NMODERATE BREEZESHAZY0000000148563
1802-12-13T11:00-32.2716.271782.6ST HELENAN51W520N42W138.00-25SBW, S, VARIABLE, SSWLIGHT BREEZESHAZY0000000148564
1802-12-14T11:00-30.9514.422346.7ST HELENAN51W478N40W103.00-25SWBW, WBSMODERATECLEAR0000000148565
1802-12-15T11:00-28.7511.752026.7ST HELENAN51:30W412S41W175.00-23SSE, S, SWMODERATECLEAR0000000148566
1802-12-16T11:00-26.588.521576.7ST HELENAN51W338N48W192.00-23SMODERATECLEAR0000000148567
1802-12-17T12:00-24.876.421596.7ST HELENAN52W290N46W147.00-21SSE, SMODERATECLOUDY0000000148568
1802-12-18T12:00-23.234.431376.7ST HELENAN53W243N46W141.00-21SSEMODERATE BREEZESHAZY0000000148569
1802-12-19T12:00-22.132.701362.6ST HELENAN45W202N44W103.00-22VARIABLE, ESE, SSE, SSELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000148570
1802-12-20T12:00-20.621.001831.0ST HELENAN54W160N44W116.00-20SSE, VARIABLE, SSWLIGHT AIRSCLEAR0000000148571
1802-12-21T12:00-19.20-0.623621.0ST HELENAN57W120N43W116.00-20S-E, VARIABLELIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000148572
1802-12-22T12:00-17.98-2.431382.6ST HELENAN57:30W77N47W132.00-20S, VARIABLE, SE, SSELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000148573
1802-12-23T12:00-16.45-4.481172.6ST HELENAN68W28N49W140.00-18SELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000148574
1802-12-30T12:00-14.90-6.90956.7ASCENSIONN46:30W202N40W80.00-18VARIABLE, ESE, ESEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148575
1802-12-31T13:00-13.63-8.57986.7ASCENSIONNW161N43W107.00-15ESEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148576
1803-01-01T13:00-12.07-10.08976.7ASCENSIONN46W119N40W123.00-16SE, VARIABLE, ESEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148577
1803-01-02T13:00-10.32-12.071196.7ASCENSIONN44W66N41W140.00-16VARIABLE, SE, SEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148578
1803-01-03T13:00-8.80-13.45996.7ASCENSIONNW25N41W121.00-14VARIABLE SE, ESEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148579
1803-01-04T13:00-7.97-14.45996.7ASCENSIONS41EN41W-14VARIABLE, SE, ESEMODERATECLOUDY0000000148580
1803-01-05T13:00-7.78-14.681216.7ASCENSIONS43E6-14ESE, SE, SEBS, SEMODERATECLOUDY0000000148581
1803-01-06T13:00-6.62-16.703626.7ST PAULSN53W250N56W148.00-14SE, SEBS, VARIABLEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148582
1803-01-07T13:00-5.33-18.731469.3ST PAULSN53W208N55W135.00-12SE, SBE, SSEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148583
1803-01-08T13:00-4.95-21.231466.7ST PAULSN54:30W167N56W151.00-12VARIABLE, SEBS, SSEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148584
1803-01-09T14:00-2.42-23.633626.7ST PAULSN53W111N53W151.00-10SEBE-SSE, VARIABLEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148585
1803-01-10T14:00-1.00-25.771256.7ST PAULSN50W60N51W135.00-10SEBS, SEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148586
1803-01-11T14:001.18-26.321366.7ST PAULSS81W35N5W131.00-10NNE, NE, SEBSMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148587
1803-01-12T14:003.12-26.901246.7ST JAGON16E245N4W116.00-11SEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148588
1803-01-13T14:004.50-27.071242.6ST JAGON19E220N6W84.00-11VARIABLE, ESE-ENE, SELIGHT BREEZESHAZY0000000148589
1803-01-14T14:005.47-28.33712.6ST JAGON22E204N14W60.00-8VARIABLE, EBNLIGHT BREEZESRAIN0100000148590
1803-01-15T14:006.53-30.43362ST JAGON30W194N40W82.00-8ESE, VARIABLELIGHTNINGDARK CLOUDY0000100148591
1803-01-16T14:008.60-32.12369.3ST JAGON46E182N35W151.00-9VARIABLE, NEBE, NEFRESH BREEZESRAINHAZY0100000148592
1803-01-17T14:0010.20-34.78499.3ST JAGON63E201N54W163.00-7VARIABLE, NEBN, NEBEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148593
1803-01-18T14:0011.97-35.58279.3CORVON6E561N43W137.00-7VARIABLE, NEBE, NEBNFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148594
1803-01-19T15:0013.92-37.93506.7CORVON10E524N29W141.00-6ENE, VARIABLE, ENE, NEBEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148595
1803-01-20T15:0016.12-38.133099.3CORVON12:30E482N23W143.00-6NWS77W13 MILESFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148596
1803-01-21T15:0018.37-39.453629.3CORVON17E446N23W147.00-7NEBE, EBN, VARIABLEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148597
1803-01-22T15:0020.80-39.77619.3CORVON21E406N20W155.00-7NEBE, EBN, ENEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148598
1803-01-23T15:0022.58-40.55586.7CORVON25E378N15W112.00-10E, VARIABLE, ENEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148599
1803-01-24T15:0024.03-40.873626.7CORVON25E355N5W87.00-10E, EBS, VARIABLEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148600
1803-01-25T15:0024.27-40.883620.6CORVON28E351N23E15.00-10SSE, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMS0000000148601
1803-01-26T15:0025.03-40.323621.0CORVON28E316N30E53.00-10WNW, VARIABLELIGHT AIRSCLEAR0000000148602
1803-01-27T15:0025.60-39.823621.0CORVON28E316N42E48.00-10N, VARIABLELIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000148603
1803-01-28T15:0026.12-37.6519.3ST MARYSN44E302N76E121.00-10N, NBE, NBEFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000148604
1803-01-29T14:0025.95-35.803489.3ST MARYSN39E284S84E100.00-12NBE, NNE, NFRESH BREEZESHAZY0000000148605
1803-01-30T14:0026.25-33.923489.3ST MARYSN35E261N79E91.00-12NBE, N, NFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000148606
1803-01-31T14:0026.87-32.153129.3ST MARYSN30:30E234N67E96.00-14NNW, NBW, VARIABLE, NWBNFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000148607
1803-02-01T14:0027.00-31.603622.6TOWN ST MARYSN29E228N76E33.00-14SSE, VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESHAZY0000000148608
1803-02-02T14:0028.98-31.371199.3TOWN ST MARYSN33E190N10E121.00-16ESE, EBS, EBN, SEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148609
1803-02-03T14:0030.40-32.95549.3CORVON10E189N39W110.00-14NEBE, ENEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148610
1803-02-04T14:0031.17-34.50316.7CORVON18E179N56W83.00-14VARIABLE, NEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148611
1803-02-05T14:0031.33-34.603622.6CORVON18E177N22E11.00-14NBE, VARIABLELIGHT BREEZES AND VARIABLE0000000148612
1803-02-06T14:0031.72-34.273011.0CORVON17:30E168N44E32.00-14N, NWS40W4 MILESLIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLE0000000148613
1803-02-07T14:0031.78-34.923462.6CORVON19E172N80W23.00-14NNE, NWBS11 MILESLIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000148614
1803-02-08T14:0032.07-36.303622.6TOWN ST MARYSN29E175N72W55.00-14N-ENE, VARIABLEW3/4S16 MILESLIGHT BREEZES AND VARIABLE0000000148615
1803-02-09T14:0033.00-35.233626.7TOWN ST MARYSN26E149N46E81.00-17NWBN, VARIABLE, WNW, VARIABLEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148616
1803-02-10T14:0034.13-34.002539.3CORVON23E121N37E85.00-17NE, VARIABLE, NNW, NE, WFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148617
1803-02-11T14:0034.93-34.70282.6CORVON23E121N30W50.00-17VARIABLE, EBS, NELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148618
1803-02-12T14:0036.82-34.33962.6AZORES ON SHOALN1/2E16N11E115.00-17VARIABLE, SE, ESELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000148619
1803-02-13T14:0039.23-32.101592.6-21SSE, SLIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000148620
1803-02-14T14:0040.32-30.751596.7CORVOS53W15-21SW, NW, SMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148621
1803-02-15T14:0041.63-29.572946.7LIZARDN64E380N35E142.00-21VARIABLE, E, NWMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148622
1803-02-16T14:0042.47-28.723622.6LIZARDN65E354N44E69.00-21SW, VARIABLELIGHT BREEZES0000000148623
1803-02-17T14:0043.90-24.752346.7LIZARDN66E299N62W184.00-25VARIABLE, WBSMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148624
1803-02-18T13:0045.10-21.353019.3LIZARDN66E238N64E357.00-25NBW, NBE, N, NWBNFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000148625
1803-02-19T13:0046.35-18.132459.3-25NW, WFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000148626
1803-02-20T13:0046.77-14.9129019.0-25NNW, VARIABLE, NEBN, ENE, NWFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY0000000148627
1803-02-21T13:0046.45-11.68219.3USHANTN65:30E98S78E92.00-24VARIABLE, NNE, NEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000148628
1803-02-22T13:0048.05-9.483621.0SCILLYNE51S43E131.00-26SW, WSW, VARIABLELIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000148629