Not logged in
PANGAEA.
Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during LEOPARD cruise from Madeira to Zanzibar started at 1798-07-25 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750407, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

RIS CitationBibTeX CitationShow MapGoogle Earth

Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -13.627500 * Median Longitude: 3.316250 * South-bound Latitude: -38.320000 * West-bound Longitude: -27.150000 * North-bound Latitude: 38.020000 * East-bound Longitude: 45.550000
Date/Time Start: 1798-07-25T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1798-11-24T09:00:00
Event(s):
Leopard_17980725_NMM_ADM/L/L100 * Latitude Start: 32.130000 * Longitude Start: -16.570000 * Latitude End: 0.430000 * Longitude End: 45.050000 * Date/Time Start: 1798-07-25T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1798-11-24T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Leopard (4th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Madeira - Zanzibar, 1st Observer: Thomas Surridge (Captain), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 50G
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
11 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
15 Current speed descriptionV descr
16 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
17 Present weatherwwWeather description
18 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
19 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
20 ClearnessClearness
21 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
22 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
23 FogFog1 If fog was reported
24 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
25 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
26 HailHail1 If hail was reported
27 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
28 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1836 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

-
(1 If position is considered t...)
10 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
11 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
13 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
14 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
15 
V descr
16 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
17 
ww
(Weather description)
18 
Precip descr
19 
State sea descr
20 
Clearness
21 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
22 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
23 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
24 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
25 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
26 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
27 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
28 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1798-07-25T00:0040.973266.7MADEIRA, E-ENDS33:45W125N, NE, NWBNMODERATE BREEZESFINE0000000148306
1798-07-26T13:0038.02-12.50239.3MADEIRA, E-ENDS33:45W125S20W188.00-22NEFRESH BREEZESFINE0000000148307
1798-07-27T13:0035.42-14.45139.3PORTO SANCTOS33:30WS31W182.00-21NEBNFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148308
1798-07-28T13:0032.82-16.42249.3MADEIRA, E-ENDW24S32:25W185.00-21NEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148309
1798-07-29T13:0030.22-17.782612.3PALMAS20W32S25W144.00-19ENE, NESTRONG BREEZESFINE PLEASANT WEATHER0000000148310
1798-07-30T13:0027.28-19.28289.3SALLS17:25W226S25W187.00-17NEFRESH BREEZESHAZY0000000148311
1798-07-31T13:0024.93-20.331712.3SALLS17:16WS182156.00-17EBS, NEBNSTRONG BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148312
1798-08-01T13:0022.40-21.12746.7SALLS16:30W120S19W161.00-16EMODERATE BREEZESHAZY0000000148313
1798-08-02T13:0019.47-21.50526.7SALLS25:47W63S7W178.00-16ENEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148314
1798-08-08T14:0014.17-23.273626.7PORTO PRAYAN16W15S16E46.00-13NE, SE, VARIABLEMODERATE BREEZESHAZY0000000148315
1798-08-09T14:0012.95-23.03133PORTO PRAYAN27W39S11E72.00-13SWBW, SW, SEBSLIGHT BREEZES, 6 SQUALLYFINE6 SHOWERS OF RAIN1100000148316
1798-08-10T13:0011.05-21.952349.3FERDINAND NAROSETUS25W365S27E141.00-14WNW, NW, WSWFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYSHOWER OF SMALL RAIN1100000148317
1798-08-11T13:008.38-19.933019.3TRINIDADAS19:57W609S61E90.00-14WSW, NWFRESH BREEZESTHUNDER AT TIMESCONTINUAL RAIN0100100148318
1798-08-12T13:008.38-19.932226.7TRINIDADAS19:57W203S61E90.00-14SW, S, SWBWMODERATE BREEZES WITH SQUALLSHEAVY RAIN0100000148319
1798-08-13T13:007.25-18.921676.7ASCENSION ISLANDS12:14E311S41E91.00-13SW, SMODERATE BREEZESFINE0000000148320
1798-08-14T13:006.00-17.572129.3ASCENSION ISLANDS6:48E281S48E110.00-13SWBS, SWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148321
1798-08-15T13:005.02-16.201889.3ST HELENAS19:59E421S54E101.00-15SWBS, SSWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148322
1798-08-16T13:003.87-15.121889.3ST HELENAS19:59E421S43E96.00-15SW, SWBS, SSWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148323
1798-08-17T13:003.27-13.331886.7ST HELENAS16:23E398S68E105.00-15SWBS, SBW, SSWMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148324
1798-08-18T13:002.83-11.921636.7ST HELENAS11:37E383S77E98.00-17SBW, SMODERATE BREEZESFINE PLEASANT WEATHER0000000148325
1798-08-19T13:002.40-10.801876.7ST HELENAS9E371S68E72.00-16SBW, S, SSWMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148326
1798-08-20T13:001.73-11.931646.7ASCENSIONS25W214S61W77.00-16SBW, SMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148327
1798-08-21T13:001.25-12.821779.3ASCENSIONS21:44W199S62W60.00-14SSW, S, SBWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148328
1798-08-22T13:000.43-13.971666.7ASCENSIONS11:19W171S53W86.00-14SBE, SSE, SMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148329
1798-08-23T13:00-0.20-14.971446.7ASCENSIONS40W155S55W67.00-14SSEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148330
1798-08-24T13:00-0.85-15.501442.6ASCENSIONS1W142S40W54.00-14SBE, SEBE, SSELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000148331
1798-08-25T13:00-1.72-16.531446.7TRINIDADAS38:15W468S45W88.00-14SE, SSEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148332
1798-08-26T13:00-3.20-17.481219.3TRINIDADAS38W431S34W108.00-14SEBS, SELIGHT BREEZES, FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148333
1798-08-27T13:00-5.05-18.151249.3TRINIDADAS40:3W402S22W107.00-11SEBS, SEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148334
1798-08-28T13:00-6.67-18.971246.7TRINIDADAS41:33W364S25W115.00-11SEBS, SE, SEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148335
1798-08-29T13:00-8.40-19.421149.3TRINIDADAS44:03W331S14W110.00-10SEBE, SEBEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148336
1798-08-30T13:00-10.13-19.681149.3TRINIDADAS47:51W301S9W108.00-10SE, SEBE, SEBEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148337
1798-08-31T13:00-11.90-20.471256.7TRINIDADAS50:56W265S24W117.00-10SEBE, SEBS, SEMODERATE BREEZESFINE0000000148338
1798-09-01T13:00-13.68-20.981269.3TRINIDADAS49:52W216S17W107.00-9SEBE, SEBS, SEFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000148339
1798-09-02T13:00-15.38-22.051046.7TRINIDADAS5709:5927W193S31W123.00-9SE, SSE, ESEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148340
1798-09-03T14:00-17.10-23.1215212.3TRINIDADAS64:39W152S30W122.00-6SE, SSEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY, AM STRONG BREEZES AND SQUALLYCLOUDY0000000148341
1798-09-04T14:00-18.87-23.771199.3TRINIDADAS72W112S20W110.00-5SSE, SE, SEBEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148342
1798-09-05T14:00-20.70-24.3511919.0TRINIDADAN88W109S16W116.00-5SEBE, SEBEFRESH GALES AND SQUALLYRAIN0100000148343
1798-09-06T14:00-22.53-25.181319.3TRINIDADAS75E785S23W118.00-4SEBE, SE, SEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYSHOWERS OF RAIN AT TIMES1100000148344
1798-09-07T14:00-24.55-26.081209.3TRINIDADAS75ES21W138.00-4SEBE, SEBEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148345
1798-09-08T14:00-26.03-26.801099.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPES77:40E785S24W96.00-4SE, S, ESEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000148346
1798-09-09T14:00-27.47-27.151546.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPES79:41E784S13W85.00-4EBS, SEBE, SSEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148347
1798-09-10T14:00-28.75-26.65986.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPES81:17E766S20E77.00-3E, NE, EBSMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148348
1798-09-11T14:00-30.37-25.73426.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPES83:46E743S24E117.00-3WSW, NW, NEMODERATE BREEZESFINE0000000148349
1798-09-12T14:00-30.90-23.223126.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPES84E696S78E133.00-3NWBN, SBE, NWMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148350
1798-09-13T13:00-30.93-20.981636.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPES83:53E663S89E115.00-6S, SBEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148351
1798-09-14T13:00-32.25-21.771296.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPES85:53E668S24W80.00-6E, SEBS, SEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148352
1798-09-15T13:00-32.42-21.351529.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPES86E643S83E73.00-6S, SBE, SSEFRESH BREEZESRAINCLOUDY0100000148353
1798-09-16T13:00-32.67-19.421656.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPES86:38E624S73E50.00-4SBW, SSE, SBEFRESH BREEZES, 6PM MODERATECLOUDY, 6PM CLEAR0000000148354
1798-09-17T13:00-34.38-18.631316.7CAPE OF GOOD HOPEE602S28W115.00-4EBN, E, SEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148355
1798-09-18T13:00-36.33-17.58979.3TRISTAN DA CUNHAS76:31E60S23E131.00-4ENE, EBSFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148356
1798-09-19T13:00-37.42-16.456019.0TRISTAN DA CUNHAN83E40S44E79.00-8NEBE, NE, ENEFRESH GALESHEAVY SEA FROM ECLOUDY0000000148357
1798-09-20T13:00-38.17-13.372819.0CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN43E522S75E151.00-6NNE, NEBNFRESH GALESHAZY0000000148358
1798-09-21T13:00-38.32-10.60212.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN80E457S86E131.00-9N, NBE, NBESTRONG BREEZESHAZY0000000148359
1798-09-22T13:00-38.00-8.2734022.6CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN80:24E418N80E112.00-9NBWHEAVY GALES WITH SEVERE SQUALLSSHOWERS OF RAIN1100000148360
1798-09-23T12:00-36.78-4.673019.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN82:50E355N76E181.00-14NNW, WBS, NWFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000148361
1798-09-24T12:00-35.85-0.472769.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN84:43E293N76E210.00-17N, W, WNWFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000148362
1798-09-25T12:00-35.423.9025122.6CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN85E223N83E219.00-19WSW, WBS, WSTRONG GALESHEAVY FOLLOWING SEA0000000148363
1798-09-26T11:00-35.857.7324812.3CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN80:30E162S82E187.00-22WBS, WSTRONG BREEZESCLEAR0000000148364
1798-09-27T11:00-36.2510.852141.0CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN71:18E113S80E153.00-22NW, NE, SWBWLIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000148365
1798-09-28T11:00-37.4012.532119.0CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN53:25E98S51E103.00-24NEBE, EBS, NEFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY0000000148366
1798-09-29T11:00-37.6512.87452.6CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN45E93S36E27.00-23ENELIGHT BREEZESHEAVY SWELL FROM E0000000148367
1798-09-30T11:00-37.4214.753141.0CAPE OF GOOD HOPEN18:50E62N78E96.00-24NW, NNWLIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000148368
1798-10-01T11:00-36.0218.522679.3CAPE GOOD HOPEN49:22W46N64E200.00-26NW, WNWFRESH BREEZESFINE0000000148369
1798-10-02T11:00-36.4821.282676.7POINT NATAEN48:11E130S77E138.00-26WNWMODERATE BREEZESFINECLEAR0000000148370
1798-10-03T10:00-36.1824.051976.7CAPE CORIANTESN36:30E311N80E136.00-28VARIABLE, SBW, SWMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148371
1798-10-04T10:00-35.4825.821759.3CAPE CORIANTESN33:35E281N63E107.00-28SBW, SSE, SSWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148372
1798-10-05T10:00-34.4726.521306.7CAPE CORIANTESN24:11E257N29E72.00-28EBS, SSEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148373
1798-10-06T10:00-34.9827.925012.3CAPE CORIANTESN25:33E254S59E82.00-29ENE, NEBE, EBNSTRONG BREEZESHEAVY SWELL FROM ECLOUDY0000000148374
1798-10-07T10:00-34.3529.27522.6CAPE CORIANTESN24E235N61E77.00-29NNW, S, NEBNSTRONG GALESRAIN AT TIMES0100000148375
1798-10-08T10:00-33.2231.6216222.6CAPE CORIANTESN17E198N55E134.00-29SBWVIOLENT GALESRAIN AT TIMES0100000148376
1798-10-09T10:00-31.7033.2015222.6CAPE CORIANTESN9:34E163N47E122.00-28SBE, SSTRONG GALES WITH SQUALLSHAZY0000000148377
1798-10-10T10:00-30.5333.6713019.0CAPE CORIANTESN8:7E134N16E89.00-28SEBE, EBN, SSEFRESH GALES AND SQUALLYSMALL RAIN0100000148378
1798-10-11T10:00-29.4734.367312.3CAPE CORIANTESN53E115N30E63.00-28EBN, NNW, EBSSTRONG BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000148379
1798-10-12T10:00-27.9036.453101.0CAPE CORIANTESN14:31E87N50E138.00-28WBS, SBW, NNWLIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM0000000148380
1798-10-13T09:00-25.2238.982009.3BASSES DE INDIAN29:23E66N40E206.00-25SBE, SEBS, SWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148381
1798-10-14T09:00-22.0540.061139.3SUSSEX ROCKSN77E38N13E205.00-22EBS, SEFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000148382
1798-10-15T09:00-20.8739.50680.6JOHANNAN22:27E187N30W71.00-22EBN, NEBN, ELIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMS0000000148383
1798-10-16T09:00-19.8739.09129.3JOHANNAN29:41E163N17W98.00-22ESE, VARIABLE, NEBNMODERATE BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZESCLEAR, AM CLOUDY0000000148384
1798-10-17T09:00-18.6738.62126.7JOHANNAN36:10E159N38W57.00-22NEBE, NE, NEBNMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR, AM CLOUDY0000000148385
1798-10-18T09:00-18.2238.83239.3JOHANNAN39:17E160N28E16.00-22EBN, ENE, NEFRESH BREEZESFAIR0000000148386
1798-10-19T09:00-17.4038.913181.0JOHANNAN44:19E153N40.00-20NNWLIGHT AIRSFINE0000000148387
1798-10-20T09:00-16.4341.063291.0JOHANNAN41E118N62E135.00-20SSW, NBWLIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLESMALL RAIN0100000148388
1798-10-21T09:00-15.5343.041516.7JOHANNAN34:29E78N56E132.00-18SBEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148389
1798-10-22T09:00-14.9043.292071.0JOHANNAN39:51E59N9E58.00-18W, NNE, SWLIGHT AIRSCLEAR0000000148390
1798-10-23T09:00-13.7844.4256.7JOHANNAN32E26N53E75.00-18NBE, NEBN, NNEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148391
1798-10-24T09:00-13.3743.50161.0MOHILLAN18N15:15W23.00-18NEBE, NEBNLIGHT AIRSCLEAR0000000148392
1798-11-15T09:00-9.3043.65971.0ALDEBRA ISLANDSS85:48E63N15:15E80.00-16EBS, EBN, ESELIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000148393
1798-11-16T09:00-7.4744.05999.3CAPE BASSASN21:33EN38:30E102.00-14EBS, E, ESEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY0000000148394
1798-11-17T09:00-6.1844.22769.3CAPE BASSASN23:26E242N6:20E90.00-14EBS, ENE, EFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148395
1798-11-18T09:00-4.9244.55652.6CAPE BASSASN24:32E216N14:28E80.00-14ESE, EBS, EBNLIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148396
1798-11-19T09:00-4.5344.90991.0CAPE BASSASN23:51E204N36:35E34.00-14S, ESELIGHT AIRSFINE0000000148397
1798-11-20T09:00-4.1245.553621.0CAPE BASSASN21:38E193N4E24.00-14NEBE, VARIABLESET SEBS1/2 MPHLIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLE0000000148398
1798-11-21T09:00-3.1845.17312.6CAPE BASSASN27:05E181N21E58.00-14EBN, VARIABLE, NELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148399
1798-11-22T09:00-2.3345.22782.6CAPE BASSASN32:39E161N3E57.00-12EBS, ENE, ELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR0000000148400
1798-11-23T09:00-1.1345.27336.7CAPE BASSASN32:39E147N3E82.00-12ESE, E, NEMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR0000000148401
1798-11-24T09:000.4345.05676.7EXTREMES OF THE LANDNEBE31N7W102.00-12E, ENE, EBNMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000148402