García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during La Perla cruise from Cádiz to Tánger started at 1824-11-15 [dataset]. Archivo Museo Naval Madrid, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750224, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 36.200000 * Median Longitude: -5.950000 * South-bound Latitude: 35.980000 * West-bound Longitude: -6.380000 * North-bound Latitude: 36.420000 * East-bound Longitude: -5.520000
Date/Time Start: 1824-11-15T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1825-01-15T00:00:00
Event(s):
La_Perla_18241115_MS_1846 * Latitude Start: 36.070000 * Longitude Start: -6.730000 * Latitude End: 35.630000 * Longitude End: -8.950000 * Date/Time Start: 1824-11-15T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1825-01-15T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: La Perla (Fragata), Voyage: Cádiz - Tánger (Y Vuelta), 1st Observer: José de Julián (Capitan)
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Pressure, atmospheric | PPPP | hPa | No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude | ||
| 7 | Temperature, air | TTT | °C | |||
| 8 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 9 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 10 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 11 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 12 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 13 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 14 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the (outside) air thermometer | ||
| 15 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the air pressure | ||
| 16 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 17 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 18 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 19 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 20 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 21 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 22 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 23 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 24 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 25 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 26 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 27 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 28 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
312 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...) | 7 TTT [°C] | 8 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 9 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 11 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 12 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 13 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 14 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...) | 15 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure) | 16 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 17 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 18 ww (Weather description) | 19 Precip descr | 20 State sea descr | 21 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 22 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 23 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 24 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 25 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 26 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 27 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 28 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1824-11-15T00:00 | 361 | 1025.5 | 20.3 | TORRE S. SEBASTIÁN | S 86º E | 1 | 68.50 | 30.28 | CALMA | EN LA NOCHE NO HUBO NOVEDAD Y EL VTO ESTUVO A LA TIERRA FLOJO. AMANEC. CIELO CLARO Y HORIZ. CON NEBLINA, VTO NE BONANCIBLE. | EN LOS HORIZ. AL AMANECER | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139157 | ||||||||
| 1824-11-16T00:00 | 315 | 1.0 | 1026.1 | 20.0 | 1 | AL MEDIODÍA ESTÁBAMOS SOBRE SANCTI PETRI | 68.00 | 30.30 | NO | VENTOLINA | CASI DESPEJADO (...) ANOCHEC. DESPEJADO, MAR DEL VTO. ESTE FRESCO, REFRESCANDO PROGRESIVAMENTE (...) SIGUIÓ AUMENTANDO EL VTOY LA MAR (...). AMANEC. C | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139158 | |||||||
| 1824-11-17T00:00 | 113 | 12.3 | 1 | SEGUIMOS EN DEMANDA DE LA BAHÍA (...) EL JACINTA ESTÁ FONDEADO Y LO HIZO POCAS DESPUÉS QUE NOSOTROS. | ESE | FRESCO | CASI DESPEJADO (...) | PICADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139159 | |||||||||||
| 1824-12-08T12:00 | 36.42 | -6.38 | 114 | 1.0 | 1021.1 | 24.7 | CASTILLO SAN SEBASTIÁN | N 23º E | SALIDA DE CÁDIZ PARA TÁNGER EN UNIÓN DEL BERGANTÍN-GOLETA ENCANTADORA POR EL TELÉGRAFO MANDÓ EL GENERAL DEL DEPARTAMENTO QUE ESTOS BUQUES SE PUSIESEN A LA VELA... | -21 | 76.50 | 30.15 | 2º QTE | VENTOLINAS | ATMÓSF. BASTANTE CALIMOSA (...) ANOCHEC. CON CALIMA, VENTOLINAS DEL 4º QTE (...). HUBO DESPUÉS VENTOLINAS DEL E Y SE ENTABLÓ EL VIENTECILLO POR EL SE | MUCHA. | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139160 | |||
| 1824-12-09T00:00 | 9.3 | 1027.2 | 19.7 | CABO ESPARTEL | S 11º E | 1 | 67.50 | 30.33 | FRESQUITO | LA ATMÓSFERA CON CELAJ. CORTADA (...) ANOCHEC. POR EL 2º Y 3º QTE CLARO Y LOS RESTANTES CON RUMAZÓN, VTO SSO MUY FLOJO, QUE QUEDÓ CALMA A LAS 8. EN LA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139161 | |||||||||
| 1824-12-10T00:00 | 315 | 4.6 | 1028.2 | 19.4 | 1 | AL SALIR EL SOL SE SALUDÓ A LA PLAZA CON 14 CAÑONAZOS Y CONTESTÓ CON 15 | 67.00 | 30.36 | NO | FLOJO | ATMÓSF. DESPEJADA (...). EN LA NOCHE HUBO VTO S BONANCIBLE. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139162 | ||||||||
| 1824-12-11T00:00 | 270 | 2.6 | 1028.2 | 19.4 | 1 | 67.00 | 30.36 | O | CALMOSO | EN LA NOCHE SE ENTABLÓ EL LEVANTE FRESCO (...) AMANEC. DESPEJADO Y ALGUNA CELAJ. EN LOS HORIZ. (...) EL VTO RONDÓ AL SE CALMOSO Y A LAS 9 1/2 VOLVIÓ A | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139163 | |||||||||
| 1824-12-12T00:00 | 90 | 15.4 | 1031.9 | 18.9 | 1 | EN LA MAÑANA NOS LEVAMOS Y FUIMOS A FONDEAR MÁS AL E | 66.00 | 30.47 | E | FRESCACHÓN | CELAJERÍAS POR EL 1º Y 2º QTES(...) EN LA NOCHE SE QUEDÓ CALMA Y DESPUÉS LLAMÓ AL SE FLOJO. EL CARIZ SIEMPRE DESPEJADO Y ALGUNA CELAJERÍA LA COSTA DE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139164 | ||||||||
| 1824-12-13T12:00 | 35.98 | -5.52 | 69 | 9.3 | 1035.3 | 20.3 | PUNTA CARNERO | 7 | 1 | -21 | 68.50 | 30.57 | E | FRESQUITO | AL ANOCHECER ABONANZÓ. CIELO DESPEJADO Y HORIZ. CON CELAJERÍA. EN LA NOCHE TUVIMOS VTO CALMOSO DEL SE AL E. AL AMANECER ESTABA EL VTO E FLOJO (...). B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139165 | ||||
| 1824-12-14T00:00 | 90 | 9.3 | 1 | E | FRESQUITO | ATMÓSF. CON ALGUNA CELAJ. | PICADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139166 | ||||||||||||
| 1824-12-25T00:00 | 135 | 1.0 | 1027.2 | 17.8 | 1 | SALIDA DE ALGECIRAS A CRUZAR | 64.00 | 30.33 | SE | VENTOLINA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139167 | |||||||||
| 1824-12-26T00:00 | 225 | 1.0 | 1030.9 | 18.3 | PUNTA CARNERO | NNE | 6 | 1 | NOS DIRIGIMOS A LA BAHÍA Y DIMOS FONDO A LAS 9 EN PUENTE MAYORGA (...) AL AMANECER (...) DIMOS LA VELA HACIA GIBRALTAR | 65.00 | 30.44 | 3º QTE | VENTOLINAS | CARIZ DESPEJADO. A LA 1 SALTÓ EL VTO NO BONANCIBLE (...).ANOCHEC. DESPEJADO. SE LLAMÓ LA VENTOLINA AL N(...) AL AMANECER REFRESCÓ POR EL NE. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139168 | |||||
| 1824-12-27T00:00 | 113 | 9.3 | 1029.9 | 18.6 | 1 | A LAS 6 1/2 DE LA TARDE FONDEAMOS EN DICHO PUERTO (...) A LAS 10 1/2 (DE LA MAÑANA) DIMOS LA VELA(...) A MEDIODÍA ESTÁBAMOS TODAVÍA DENTRO DE LABAHÍA | 65.50 | 30.41 | ESE | FRESQUITO | ATMÓSF. CON ALGUNA CELAJERÍA (...) EL VTO ABONANZÓ(...) TUVIMOS DURANTE LA NOCHE VTO E BONANCIBLE Y DESPUÉS CALMA. AMANEC. ACELAJADO Y LOS HORIZ. CALI | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139169 | ||||||||
| 1824-12-28T00:00 | 45 | 1.0 | 1 | NOS DIRIGIMOS LUEGO EN DEMANDA DE ALGECIRAS Y HABIENDONOS HECHO EL JASSON LA SEÑAL DE FONDAR, LO EXECUTAMOS A SUS INMEDIACIONES. | 1º QTE | VENTOLINA | ATMÓSF. ALGO CALIMOSA. A LAS 4RONDÓ AL SE LA VENTOLINA (...). ANOCHEC. CALIMOSO. DURANTE LA NOCHE HEMOS TENIDO VENTOLINAS VARIABLESDEL 1º Y 4º QTE Y | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139170 | ||||||||||||
| 1825-01-07T00:00 | 135 | 12.3 | 1 | SALIDA DE ALGECIRAS PARA TANGER SE TENDIÓ EL ANCLA... (LLEGADA A TANGER) | SE | FRESCO | ATMÓSFERA ACELAJADA (...) REINÓ EL VTO E FRESCACHÓN. | PICADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139171 | |||||||||||
| 1825-01-14T00:00 | 315 | 6.7 | 1026.8 | 16.7 | 1 | SALIDA DE TÁNGER PARA ALGECIRAS CONTINUAMOS PARA EL FONDEADERO DE ALGECIRAS | 62.00 | 30.32 | NO | BONANCIBLE | A LAS 2 SE LLAMÓ EL VTO AL E (...) A LAS 3 REFRESCÓ (...) AMANEC. ACELAJADO, VTO NNE FLOJO | MAR LLANA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139172 | |||||||
| 1825-01-15T00:00 | 180 | 6.7 | 1 | CONSEGUIMOS (EL FONDEADERO) A LA 1 (...) QUEDAMOS AMARRADOS NE-SE | S | BONANCIBLE | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139173 |