García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during La Perla cruise from Cádiz to Algeciras started at 1824-08-31 [dataset]. Archivo Museo Naval Madrid, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750222, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 36.265000 * Median Longitude: -6.400000 * South-bound Latitude: 36.000000 * West-bound Longitude: -6.500000 * North-bound Latitude: 36.530000 * East-bound Longitude: -6.300000
Date/Time Start: 1824-08-31T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1824-10-21T00:00:00
Event(s):
La_Perla_18240831_MS_1846 * Latitude Start: 36.070000 * Longitude Start: -6.730000 * Latitude End: 36.070000 * Longitude End: -5.370000 * Date/Time Start: 1824-08-31T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1824-10-21T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: La Perla (Fragata), Voyage: Cádiz - Algeciras Y A Cruzar La Boca Del Estrecho, 1st Observer: José de Julián (Capitan)
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Pressure, atmospheric | PPPP | hPa | No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude | ||
| 7 | Temperature, air | TTT | °C | |||
| 8 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 9 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 10 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 11 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 12 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 13 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 14 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the (outside) air thermometer | ||
| 15 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the air pressure | ||
| 16 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 17 | Current direction description | Cur dir descr | Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to. | |||
| 18 | Current speed description | V descr | ||||
| 19 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 20 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 21 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 22 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 23 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 24 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 25 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 26 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 27 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 28 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 29 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 30 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
162 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...) | 7 TTT [°C] | 8 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 9 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 10 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 11 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 12 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 13 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 14 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...) | 15 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure) | 16 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 17 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...) | 18 V descr | 19 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 20 ww (Weather description) | 21 Precip descr | 22 State sea descr | 23 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 24 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 25 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 26 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 27 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 28 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 29 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 30 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1824-08-31T00:00 | 270 | 9.3 | 1 | HICIMOS RUMBO HACIA ALGECIERA CON TODO APAREJO(...) NOS AMARRAMOS NE-SO | O | FRESQUITO | ATMÓSF. DESPEJADA (...) ANOCHEC. CON CELAJ. GRUESA (...)VTO CALMOSO DEL O | PICADA DEL VTO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139143 | |||||||||||||
| 1824-09-04T00:00 | 113 | 4.6 | 1 | SALIDA DE ALGECIRAS PARA CEUTA A CONDUCIR EL BATALLÓN DE INFANTERÍA DEL PRÍNCIPE A LA 1 1/2 SE DIO FONDO EN DICHO PUERTO Y A LAS 3 SE DESEMBARCÓ LA TROPA. A LAS 5 NOS EMBARCARON 25 PRESOS (...) A ESTA HORA (...) DIMOS LA VELA PARA ALGECIRAS | ESE | FLOJO | ANOCHEC. ACELAJADO, VTO ESE BONANCICBLE Y MAR GRUESA DEL SE (...) AMANEC. CERRADO DE NEBLINA Y EN CALMA. | CERRADO AL AMANECER. | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139144 | ||||||||||||
| 1824-09-18T00:00 | 135 | 4.6 | 1 | SALIDA DEL ALGECIRASA CRUZAR LA BOCA DEL ESTRECHO | 2º QTE | FLOJO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139145 | |||||||||||||||
| 1824-09-19T00:00 | 180 | 6.7 | 1 | S | BONANCIBLE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139146 | ||||||||||||||||
| 1824-10-09T00:00 | 270 | 12.3 | 1022.1 | 20.6 | 1 | SALIDA DE ALGECIRAS PARA CÁDIZ POR RAZÓN DE LA FUERTE CORRIENTE HICIMOS SEÑAL DE ARRIBAR AL PUERTO DE SALIDA EN QUE DIMOS FONDO A LAS 5 | 69.00 | 30.18 | O | E | FUERTE | FRESCO | ATMÓSF. DESPEJADA (...) ANOCHEC. CON ALGUNA CELAJERÍA Y EL VTO DEL NO FRESQUITO. (...) CALMA Y ASÍ CONTINUAMOS TODA LA NOCHE.AMANEC. EN LOS MISMOS TÉR | PICADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139147 | |||||||
| 1824-10-18T12:00 | 36.53 | -6.50 | 24 | 1.0 | 1020.4 | 21.7 | CÁDIZ | S 81º E | -21 | 71.00 | 30.13 | 1º Y 2º QTE | VENTOLINAS | ATMÓSF. DESPEJADA (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO CALRO Y HORIZ. CON ALGUNA CELAJ (...) AMANEC. DE MAL CARIZ Y EL VTO AL E FRESCO QUE ABONANZÓ A LAS 7. | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139148 | ||||||
| 1824-10-19T12:00 | 36.00 | -6.30 | 69 | 15.4 | 1019.4 | 21.7 | OSO | -21 | 71.00 | 30.10 | E | FRESCACHÓN | ATMÓSF. CARGADA (...) AMANEC. CON CELAJ. ESPESA. | GRUESA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139149 | |||||||
| 1824-10-20T00:00 | 36.78 | 12.3 | 1019.7 | 21.4 | 1 | ENE | 70.50 | 30.11 | FRESCO | ATMÓSF. CARGADA (...) ANOCHEC. CON CELAJ. ESPESA (...) AMANEC. CIELO Y HORIZ. ACELAJADOS, VTO AL SE FRESQUITO Y LA MAR PICADA DE ÉL. | GRUESA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139150 | ||||||||||
| 1824-10-21T00:00 | 135 | 9.3 | 1020.7 | 22.8 | PUNTA SAN FELIPE | N 89º O | 1 | 73.00 | 30.14 | SE | FRESQUITO | ATMÓSF. DESPEJADA (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO CLARO Y HORIZ. ACELAJADOS, VTO FRESCO Y MAR PICADA (...) AMANEC. DESPEJADO, VTO SSE FRESQUITO. | PICADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139151 |