García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during La Perla cruise from Cartagena to Cádiz started at 1824-06-18 [dataset]. Archivo Museo Naval Madrid, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750221, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 36.612222 * Median Longitude: -3.266667 * South-bound Latitude: 36.080000 * West-bound Longitude: -5.350000 * North-bound Latitude: 37.420000 * East-bound Longitude: -0.980000
Date/Time Start: 1824-06-18T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1824-07-02T00:00:00
Event(s):
La_Perla_18240618_MS_1846 * Latitude Start: 37.420000 * Longitude Start: -0.980000 * Latitude End: 36.070000 * Longitude End: -6.730000 * Date/Time Start: 1824-06-18T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1824-07-02T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: La Perla (Fragata), Voyage: Cartagena - Cádiz, 1st Observer: José de Julián (Capitan)
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Pressure, atmospheric | PPPP | hPa | No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude | ||
| 7 | Temperature, air | TTT | °C | |||
| 8 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 9 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 10 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 11 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 12 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 13 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 14 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the (outside) air thermometer | ||
| 15 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the air pressure | ||
| 16 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 17 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 18 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 19 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 20 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 21 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 22 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 23 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 24 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 25 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 26 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 27 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 28 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
307 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...) | 7 TTT [°C] | 8 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 9 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 11 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 12 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 13 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 14 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...) | 15 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure) | 16 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 17 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 18 ww (Weather description) | 19 Precip descr | 20 State sea descr | 21 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 22 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 23 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 24 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 25 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 26 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 27 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 28 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1824-06-18T12:00 | 37.42 | -0.98 | 115 | 9.3 | 1020.0 | 23.9 | MESA DE ROLDÁN | S 54º O | 55 | 1 | -20 | 75.00 | 30.12 | SE | FRESQUITO | EN LA TARDE QUEDÓ EL VTO SSO BONANCIBLE. ANOCHEC. CIELO CALRO Y HORIZ. CON ALGUNA CELA. VTO OSO Y A MEDIA NOCHE QUEDÓ CALMA. AMANEC. CLARO, VTO NO FLO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139128 | |||
| 1824-06-19T12:00 | 37.42 | -1.12 | 138 | 6.7 | 1010.9 | 22.8 | MESA DE ROLDÁN | S 53º O | 54 | 1 | -20 | 73.00 | 29.85 | SSE | BONANCIBLE | A LA 1 1/2 ROÓ EL VTO AL SO FRESQUITO, Y DESPUÉS AL O (...) ANOCHEC. ACELAJADO, VENTOLINAS DEL 3º QTE (...) AMANEC. NUBLAD | MAR DEL 3º QTE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139129 | ||
| 1824-06-20T12:00 | 36.90 | -1.83 | 295 | 15.4 | 1014.0 | 21.4 | MESA DE ROLDAN | N 89º O | 8 | 1 | -20 | 70.50 | 29.94 | NO | FRESCACHÓN | ATMÓSF. ACELAJADA Y CON LLOVIZNA(...) ANOCHEC. CIELO ACELAJADO Y HORIZ. CARGADOS DE RUMAZÓN POR EL 1. Y 3º QTE, VTO AL S FRESQUITO (...) A LAS 8 1/4 S | CON LLOVIZNA. | PICADA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139130 | |
| 1824-06-21T00:00 | 225 | 12.3 | 1017.3 | 23.3 | 1 | NOS DIRIGIMOS AL FONDEADERO DE S. PEDRO EN EL QUE A LAS 12 DEJAMOS CAER EL ANCLA DE BABOR | 74.00 | 30.04 | SO | FRESCO | HORIZ. CALIMOSOS(...) DE 8 A 12 HA ESTADO EL VTO BONANCIBLE Y CALMOSO DEL 4º Y 3º QTE (...) A LAS 3 REFRESCO EL VTO POR EL OSO. AMANEC. CLARO Y EN LOS | GRUESA DEL VTO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139131 | |||||||
| 1824-06-22T00:00 | 1012.3 | 23.3 | 1 | 74.00 | 29.89 | ANOCHEC. CIELO CALRO Y HORIZ. CARGADOS DE RUMAZÓN POR EL 3º Y 4º QTE. VTO FRESCO DEL OSO. (...) AMANEC. DESPEJADO Y EL VTO O FRESQUITO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139132 | |||||||||||||
| 1824-06-23T00:00 | 248 | 15.4 | 1016.0 | 22.2 | 1 | 72.00 | 30.00 | OSO | FRESCACHÓN CON FUERTES RÁFRAGAS | AL ANOCHECER ABONANZÓ EL VTO Y EN LA NOCHE HA HABIDO VENTOLINAS VARIABLES DEL 1º Y 4º QTE(...). AMANEC. DESPEJADO, VTO AL E CALMOSO | MAR GRUESA DEL SO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139133 | ||||||||
| 1824-06-24T12:00 | 36.52 | -2.62 | 159 | 6.7 | 1019.4 | 25.0 | PUNTA DE EUROPA | S 78º O | 141 | 1 | -21 | 77.00 | 30.10 | S | BONANCIBLE | ATMÓSF. DESPEJADA.(...) ANOCHEC. CLARO Y EN CALMA Y EN LA NOCHE HUBO VENTOLINAS DEL 4º Y 1º QTE. AMANEC. TODO CLARO, MENOS EL 1º QTE CON ALGUNA CELAJ. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139134 | |||
| 1824-06-25T12:00 | 36.47 | -4.10 | 92 | 9.3 | 1016.7 | 21.7 | PUNTA EUROPA | OSO | 21 | 1 | -21 | 71.00 | 30.02 | ESE | FRESQUITO | ATMÓSF. DESPEJADA (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO Y HORIZ. CALIMOSOS: EL VTO AL ENE CALMOSO Y LA MAR PICADA DEL E (...) AMANEC. CIELO Y HORIZ. ACELAJADOS Y MAR T | PICADA DEL VTO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139135 | ||
| 1824-06-26T12:00 | 36.17 | -4.22 | 114 | 4.9 | 1021.7 | 23.9 | PUNTA EUROPA | ONO | 75 | 1 | -21 | 75.00 | 30.17 | 2º QTE | VENTOLINAS MUY FLOJAS | HORIZ. CALIMOSOS Y ASÍ PERMANECIÓ TODA LA TARDE (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO CLARO Y HORIZ. CARGADOS DE RUMAZÓN (...) LA NOCHE (...) CALMA CON ALGUNA VENTOLIN | TENDIDA DEL E | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139136 | ||
| 1824-06-27T12:00 | 36.15 | -4.73 | 361 | 1020.7 | 23.6 | MONTE DE GIBRALTAR | O | 30 | 1 | -21 | 74.50 | 30.14 | CALMA | ATMÓSF. CALIMOSA (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO CLARO, HORIZ. CARGADOS DE RUMAZÓN, VENTOLINA DEL E(...). A LAS 9 SE ENTABLÓ EL E BONANCIBLE Y ASÍ CONTINUÓ EN L | TENDIDA DEL E | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139137 | ||||
| 1824-06-28T12:00 | 36.38 | -4.45 | 92 | 4.6 | 1019.7 | 23.6 | MÁLAGA | N 3º E | 20 | 1 | -21 | 74.50 | 30.11 | ESE | FLOJO | ANOCHEC. CIELO CLARO Y HORIZ. CARGADOS DE RUMAZÓN, VTO E FLOJO Y MAR DEL E (...) AMANEC. CLARO Y LA COSTA TOMADA DE RUMAZÓN, VTO SO AL SSO BONANCIBLE | TENDIDA DEL E | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139138 | ||
| 1824-06-29T00:00 | 270 | 15.4 | 1 | NOS DIRIGIMOS AL FONDEADERO DE MÁLAGA EN EL QUE (...) DEJAMOS CAER EL ANCLA (...) TAMBIÉN HAN ARRIBADO A ESTE PUERTO MUCHOS MERCANTES | O | FRESCACHÓN | ATMÓSF. CON ALGUNA CELAJ. SUELTA (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO CLARO Y HORIZ. CON RUMAZÓN, VTO ONO FRESCO QUE ROLÓ INMEDIATAMENTE AL NNO. AMANEC. LO MISMO. | PICADA DEL VTO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139139 | |||||||||||
| 1824-06-30T00:00 | 113 | 6.7 | 1023.4 | 23.9 | 1 | 75.00 | 30.22 | ESE | BONANCIBLE | DESPUÉS EL VTO REFRESCÓ POR EL SE.ANOCHEC. DEESPEJADO Y EN CALMA. DESPUÉS TUVIMOS VENTOLINAS DEL 1º QTE.A LAS 2 CON EL VTO CALMOSO DEL NNO (...) Y AL | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139140 | |||||||||
| 1824-07-01T12:00 | 36.08 | -5.35 | 182 | 4.6 | 1022.1 | 22.8 | PUNTA CARNERO | S 77 O | 5 | 1 | -21 | 73.00 | 30.18 | SSO | FLOJO | ATMÓSF. DESPEJADA (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO CLARO Y HORIZ. CALIMOSOS. EN CALMA (...) AMANEC. NEBLINOSO. | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139141 | ||
| 1824-07-02T00:00 | 90 | 12.3 | 1 | A LAS 6 1/2 VINO UNO (UN PRÁCTICO) DE ROTA. (...) CONSEGUIMOS EL FONDEADERO (...) EL DÍA 10 SE NOS DIO ENTRADA E INMEDIATAMENTE PASAMOS AL CAÑO DE LA CARRACA EN DONDE DESCARGAMOS LAS CARRONADAS , BALAS Y AFUSTES QUE TRAÍAMOS DE TRANSPORTE. | E | FRESCO | ATMÓSF. ALGO CALIMOSA (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO CLARO Y HORIZ. CON ALGUNA CALIMA, VTO FRSCO DEL Y CON RÁFRAGAS.(...) AMANEC. DESPEJADO, VTO SO FRESQUITO. | PICADA DEL VTO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139142 |