García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during La Perla cruise from Cartagena to Palma de Mallorca started at 1823-04-08 [dataset]. Archivo Museo Naval Madrid, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750220, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 39.897500 * Median Longitude: 1.592500 * South-bound Latitude: 39.030000 * West-bound Longitude: 0.900000 * North-bound Latitude: 40.880000 * East-bound Longitude: 2.300000
Date/Time Start: 1823-04-08T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1823-04-13T00:00:00
Event(s):
La_Perla_18230408_MS_1846 * Latitude: 37.420000 * Longitude: -0.980000 * Date/Time Start: 1823-04-08T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1823-04-13T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: La Perla (Fragata), Voyage: Cartagena - Palma De Mallorca Y Barcelona, 1st Observer: José de Julián (Capitan)
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Pressure, atmospheric | PPPP | hPa | No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude | ||
| 7 | Temperature, air | TTT | °C | |||
| 8 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 9 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 10 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 11 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 12 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 13 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 14 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the (outside) air thermometer | ||
| 15 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the air pressure | ||
| 16 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 17 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 18 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 19 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 20 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 21 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 22 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 23 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 24 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 25 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 26 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 27 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 28 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
118 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...) | 7 TTT [°C] | 8 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 9 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 10 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 11 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 12 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 13 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 14 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...) | 15 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure) | 16 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 17 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 18 ww (Weather description) | 19 Precip descr | 20 State sea descr | 21 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 22 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 23 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 24 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 25 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 26 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 27 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 28 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1823-04-08T12:00 | 39.03 | 0.90 | 227 | 12.3 | 1014.0 | 18.1 | EL BEDRÁ | S 46º E | 1 | NE 5º E | SALIDA DEL PUERTO DE CARTAGENA PARA LOS DE PALMA EN MALLORCA Y BARCELONA COMBOYANDO HASTA EL 1º 5 FALUCHOS Y 1 JABEQUE CARGADOS DE PRESOS | -21 | 64.50 | 29.94 | OSO | FRESCO | ATMÓSF. CON ALGUNA CELAJERÍA (...) A POCO SE QUEDÓ CALMA Y ALAS 1 3/4 APUNTÓ VENTOLINA POR EL O (...) CERCA DE LAS 4 SE LLAMÓ AL N FRESCO(...) ANOCHEC | DEL SO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139122 | |
| 1823-04-09T12:00 | 39.38 | 2.30 | 249 | 6.7 | 1010.9 | 19.4 | DRAGONERA | N 11ºE | 1 | E 1/4 NE | -21 | 67.00 | 29.85 | O | BONANCIBLE | ATMÓSF. DESPEJADA (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO CLARO Y HORIZ. CON RUMAZÓN, VTO SO FRSQUITO Y MAR PICADA DEL VTO (...) AMANEC. CLARO, VTO DEL S AL SSO BONANCIB | DEL VTO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139123 | ||
| 1823-04-10T12:00 | 40.30 | 1.82 | 24 | 2.9 | 1006.5 | 18.3 | DRAGONERA | S 39º E | 1 | -21 | 65.00 | 29.72 | NE | MUY FLOJO | ATMÓSF. CON ALGUNOS CELAJES (...) A LAS 2 ROLÓ EL VTO AL ESE BONANCIBLE (...) CALMÓ EL VTO A LAS 5 Y A LAS 6 SALTÓ VENTOLINA POR EL SO (...) ANOCHEC. | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139124 | |||
| 1823-04-11T12:00 | 40.88 | 1.35 | 69 | 12.3 | 1011.2 | 16.9 | TARRAGONA | N 13º O | 1 | -21 | 62.50 | 29.86 | E | FRESCO Y CON RÁFRAGAS | ATMÓSF. CARGADA CON LLOVIZNA(...). ANOCHEC. CIELO Y HORIZ. CARGADOS, VTO FRESCACHÓN DEL E Y LA MAR GRUESA DEL VTO.(...) AMANEC. CIELO CLARO Y HORIZ. C | LLOVIZNA. | GRUESA DEL VTO | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139125 | ||
| 1823-04-12T00:00 | 113 | 6.7 | 1 | SE LLAMÓ AL PRÁCTICO CON UN CAÑONAZO , EL QUE A POCO VINO Y NOS DIRIGIÓ AL PUERTO. | ESE | BONANCIBLE | ATMÓSF. CON CELAJ (...). A LA 1 QUEDÓ CASI CALMA Y A LAS 2 SALTÓ VENTOLINA POR EL SO (...) ANOCHEC. CIIELO ACELAJADO Y HORIZ. CLAROS, MEOS EL 1º QTE Q | GRUESA DEL E | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139126 | |||||||||||
| 1823-04-13T00:00 | 1 | DIMOS FONDO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139127 |