García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during La Perla cruise from Cartagena to Mahon started at 1822-08-17 [dataset]. Archivo Museo Naval Madrid, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750214, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 38.500000 * Median Longitude: 1.631429 * South-bound Latitude: 38.080000 * West-bound Longitude: -0.400000 * North-bound Latitude: 39.100000 * East-bound Longitude: 3.580000
Date/Time Start: 1822-08-17T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1822-08-24T00:00:00
Event(s):
La_Perla_18220817_MS_1846 * Latitude Start: 37.420000 * Longitude Start: -0.980000 * Latitude End: 39.580000 * Longitude End: 4.030000 * Date/Time Start: 1822-08-17T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1822-08-24T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: La Perla (Fragata), Voyage: Cartagena - Mahon, 1st Observer: José de Julián (Capitan)
Parameter(s):
# | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
6 | Pressure, atmospheric | PPPP | hPa | No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude | ||
7 | Temperature, air | TTT | °C | |||
8 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
9 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
10 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
11 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
12 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
13 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
14 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
15 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the (outside) air thermometer | ||
16 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the air pressure | ||
17 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
18 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
19 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
20 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
21 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
22 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
23 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
24 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
25 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
26 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
27 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
28 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
29 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
184 data points
Data
1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...) | 7 TTT [°C] | 8 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 9 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 11 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 12 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 13 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 14 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 15 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...) | 16 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure) | 17 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 18 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 19 ww (Weather description) | 20 Precip descr | 21 State sea descr | 22 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 23 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 24 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 25 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 26 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 27 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 28 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 29 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1822-08-17T12:00 | 38.08 | -0.40 | 47 | 9.3 | 1021.1 | 27.2 | BEDRA DE IBIZA | N 57 1/2º E | 87 | 1 | -21 | 81.00 | 30.15 | ENE | FRESQUITO | ATMOSF. CON CELAJERÍA (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO CLARO, HORIZ. CALIMOSOS, VTO E BONANCIBLE (...) AMANEC. LO MISMO. | PICADA DEL VTO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139084 | |||
1822-08-18T12:00 | 38.27 | 0.43 | 92 | 6.7 | 1020.0 | 27.2 | PUNTA DE AGUILA EN FORMENTERA | N 66º 30 E | 49 | 1 | -21 | 81.00 | 30.12 | ESE | GALENO | ATMÓSF. CALIMOSA (...) ANOCHEC. DESPEJADO, VTO ESE CALMOSO. A LAS 2 ROLÓ EL VTO AL ENE Y DURANTE LA NOCHE HA ESTADO INCONSTANTE Y FOJO DEL ESE AL ENE. | ALGO PICADA DEL VTO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139085 | |||
1822-08-19T12:00 | 38.45 | 0.68 | 69 | 12.3 | 1019.7 | 27.8 | PUNTA DE LA ANGUILA(FORMENTERA) | N 731/2º E | 34 | 1 | SSE | -21 | 82.00 | 30.11 | E | FRESCO | ATMÓSFERA CON CELAJ.(...) ANOCHEC. ACELAJADO, VTO BONANCIBLE Y LA MAR DEL VTO Y DE SE. DURANTE LA NOCHE REFRESCÓ EL VTO. AMANEC. CIELO CLARO, Y HORIZ. | PICADA DEL VTO Y DE SE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139086 | ||
1822-08-20T12:00 | 38.15 | 1.70 | 72 | 9.3 | 1018.7 | 28.1 | 1 | S 1/4 SE | -21 | 82.50 | 30.08 | E 1/4 SE | FRESQUITO | ATMÓSF. ACELAJADA (...) ANOCHEC. ACELAJADO, VTECITO DEL E FLOJO (...) AMANEC. LO MISMO, LA MAR MUY PICADA. | PICADA DEL VTO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139087 | |||||
1822-08-21T12:00 | 38.53 | 2.38 | 69 | 12.3 | 1017.7 | 28.1 | CABO ANSIOLA (EN CABRERA) | N37º E | 43 | 1 | NNE | -21 | 82.50 | 30.05 | E | FRESCO | ATMOSF. ACELAJADA (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO ACELAJADO, HORIZ. CARGADOS, VTO FRESCO Y MAR UN POCO GRUESA (...) A LAS 12 1/2 QUEDAMOS EN CALMA Y A LAS 2 ESTA | PICADA DEL VTO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139088 | ||
1822-08-22T12:00 | 38.92 | 3.05 | 49 | 12.3 | 1017.0 | 27.2 | ISLA DEL AYRE | N 50º E | 78 | 1 | N | -19 | 81.00 | 30.03 | ENE | FRESCO | ATMÓSFERA CARGADA (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO CLARO Y HORIZ.DEL CUARTO CUAD. CON CELAJ. GRUESA, VTO N FRESQUITO, MAR DEL E (...) AMANEC. ACELAJADO, VTO FRESQ | PICADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139089 | ||
1822-08-23T12:00 | 39.10 | 3.58 | 49 | 12.3 | 1018.7 | 26.9 | ISLA DEL AYRE | N 41º 30 E | 53 | 1 | SE | -19 | 80.50 | 30.08 | ENE | FRESCO | ATMÓSF. CON CELAJ. SUELTA (...) UN CHUBASCO (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO CLARO, HORIZ. ACELAJADOS, VTO FRESCO, MAR PICADA. EN LA NOCHE FUE ABONANZANDO EL VTO | UN CHUBASCO | PICADA DEL VTO | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139090 | |
1822-08-24T00:00 | 158 | 6.7 | 1018.0 | 27.5 | 1 | LA ISLA DE MENORCA A LA VISTA (...) A LAS 10 1/2 ENTRAMOS AL PUERTO DE MAHON Y DIMOS FONDO (...) LA SANIDAD NOS IMPUSO 4 DÍAS DE OBSERVACIÓN. | 81.50 | 30.06 | SSE | BONANCIBLE | ATMÓSF. DESPEJADA (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO CLARO, Y HORIZ. DEL 1º Y 2º QTES ACELAJADOS, VTO AL S FLOJO Y MAR LLANA (...) AMANEC. DESPEJADO, VTO OSO FLOJO, | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 139091 |