García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during La Loreto cruise from Cádiz started at 1786-06-01 [dataset]. Archivo Museo Naval Madrid, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750196, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 40.181667 * Median Longitude: -12.818333 * South-bound Latitude: 36.480000 * West-bound Longitude: -15.880000 * North-bound Latitude: 44.170000 * East-bound Longitude: -9.270000
Date/Time Start: 1786-06-01T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1786-08-31T00:00:00
Event(s):
La_Loreto_17860601_MS_735_BIS * Latitude: 36.070000 * Longitude: -6.730000 * Date/Time Start: 1786-06-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1786-08-31T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: La Loreto (Fragata), Voyage from: Cádiz, 1st Observer: Capitan
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 12 | Comment 2 (continued) | Comm 2 | Other remarks | |||
| 13 | Comment 3 (continued) | Comm 3 | Other remarks | |||
| 14 | Comment 4 (continued) | Comm 4 | Other remarks | |||
| 15 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 16 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 17 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 18 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 19 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 20 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 21 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 22 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 23 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 24 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 25 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 26 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 27 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 28 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
442 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 12 Comm 2 (Other remarks) | 13 Comm 3 (Other remarks) | 14 Comm 4 (Other remarks) | 15 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 16 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 17 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 18 ww (Weather description) | 19 Precip descr | 20 State sea descr | 21 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 22 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 23 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 24 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 25 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 26 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 27 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 28 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1786-06-01T13:00 | 36.72 | -15.67 | 71 | 4.6 | N 79º O | 39.00 | A CONTINUAR LA PROPIA COMISIÓN POR LAS COSTAS DE ESPAÑA EN EL OCÉANO.(...) SE PUSO EN MOVIMIENTO EL RELOJ Nº 13 DE BERTHUD QUE ES EL ÚNICO DE ALGUNA CONFIANZA ENTRE LOS OCHO QUE TENEMOS (...) (CONTINÚA EN EL PRIMER DÍA DE NAVEGACIÓN POR FALTA DE | ESPACIO). (...) TAMBIÉN SE EMPEZÓ A AVERIGUAR LA MARCHA DEL Nº 79 DE FALTRIQUERA DE ARNOLD QUE ACABA DE LLEGARLE AL CAPITAN DE NAVÍO D. BENITO DE LIRA QUIEN LO HA CEDIDO (...) POR LAS SEGURIDADES QUE TIENE DE LA EXCELENCIA DE LA MÁQUINA | CONSTRUÍDA CON TODAS LAS NUEVAS FINURAS DEL ARTISTA (...) PERO LAS OSCURIDADES Y MALOS TIEMPOS NO HAN PERNITIDO HACER UN 294 EXÁMEN FORMAL DE SU MOVIMIENTO COMO YO DESEABA (...). LLEVAMOS IGUALMENTELA COLECCIÓN DE INSTRUMENTOS QUE RECIBIMOS EN | MADRID DEL DIRECTOR DEL SEMINARIO DE NOBLES (...) : TRES SEXTANTES MUY CONOCIDOS Y COMPROBADOS DEL CÉLEBRE NAIRNE (...) QUINTANTE DE JORGE WRIGKEL. ATRASO MEDIO DEL RELOJ: 656 | -19 | ESTE | FLOJO | EL VTO HA SIDO SUMAMENTE VARIO Y CALMOSO. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138561 | |||||
| 1786-06-02T13:00 | 36.77 | -14.60 | 4.9 | O | 51.00 | -19 | VENTOLINAS MUY FLOJAS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138562 | ||||||||||||
| 1786-06-03T00:00 | 36.97 | 45 | 1.0 | CABO SAN VICENTE | N 47º E | DEL 1º QTE | MUY POCO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138563 | ||||||||||||
| 1786-06-04T13:00 | 37.12 | -12.90 | 26 | 4.6 | 54.00 | -19 | DEL 4º AL 1º QTE | FLOJO Y VARIABLE | LAS APARIENCIAS DEL TPO SON BONANZAS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138564 | ||||||||||
| 1786-06-05T13:00 | 37.60 | -12.83 | 25 | 7.3 | N 48º O | 43.00 | -20 | NE | MUY BONANCIBLE | EL VTO SE HA MANTENIDO AL NE MUY BONANCIBLE Y A VECES AL NNE Y ENE. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138565 | |||||||||
| 1786-06-06T13:00 | 38.02 | -13.25 | 25 | 9.3 | 47.00 | -20 | DEL 1º QTE | MÁS FRESQUITO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138566 | |||||||||||
| 1786-06-07T13:00 | 38.43 | -13.47 | 318 | 12.3 | CABO ESPICHEL | E | -20 | NNO | MÁS FRESCO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138567 | ||||||||||
| 1786-06-08T00:00 | (LLEGADA A LISBOA Y AMARRE DE LA FRAGATA) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138568 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1786-06-30T13:00 | 38.57 | -15.08 | 70 | 2.6 | N 87º O | (SALIDA DE LISBOA)(MERIDIANO DE LISBOA) | -20 | E | BIEN FLOJO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138569 | ||||||||||
| 1786-07-01T13:00 | 39.15 | -13.37 | 25 | 12.3 | -20 | NE | FRESCO | BASTANTE PICADA DEL VTO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138570 | |||||||||||
| 1786-07-02T13:00 | 39.87 | -11.88 | 24 | (MERIDIANO DE LISBOA) | -21 | NE | DEL NE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138571 | ||||||||||||
| 1786-07-03T13:00 | 41.27 | -10.22 | 24 | 33º O | -21 | DEL ENE AL NE | EL VTO HA SIDO DEL ENE AL NE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138572 | ||||||||||||
| 1786-07-04T13:00 | 42.03 | -10.52 | 24 | N 16º 20 O | 64.00 | -21 | NE | EL TPO. HA SIDO AUN MÁS CERRADO Y OSCURO QUE LOS DÍAS ANTERIORES Y EL VTO MENOS FUERTE DEL PRIMER Y EL SEGUNDO CUADRANTES, INCOMODANDO MUCHO LA MAR GR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138573 | |||||||||||
| 1786-07-05T13:00 | 43.20 | -10.75 | 23 | N 8º E | 70.00 | -22 | NE | TPO CON MALAS APARIENCIAS | GRUESA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138574 | ||||||||||
| 1786-07-06T13:00 | 44.17 | -10.92 | 113 | 2.9 | N 6º 30E | 60.00 | -22 | SE | MUY FLOJO | HA CAÍDO MUCHO LA MAR Y EL VTO HA ROLADO HASTA EL SE DONDE SE FIJÓ MUY FLOJO | MENOS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138575 | ||||||||
| 1786-07-07T13:00 | 44.02 | -10.82 | 1.0 | S 23º 30 | -22 | CASI CALMA | HEMOS ESTADO CASI EN CALMA TODAS LAS 24 HORAS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138576 | ||||||||||||
| 1786-07-08T13:00 | 43.80 | -9.27 | 136 | 9.3 | S 79º 30E | 76.00 | -22 | SSE | FRESQUITO | FRECUENTES CHUBASCOS Y TURBONADAS DE VERANO. | FRECUENTES CHUBASCOS | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138577 | ||||||||
| 1786-07-09T13:00 | 43.70 | -14.00 | 1 | 12.3 | CABO VILLANO | S87ºE | 108.00 | -22 | NNE | FRESCO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138578 | |||||||||
| 1786-07-10T00:00 | 43.68 | 45 | CABO VILLANO | S 49º 30E | 17 | N 89º 45 E | 84.50 | NE | EL VTO NE ROLÓ A LAS 6 DE LA TARDE AL N Y AL NO DONDE SE AFIRMÓ. (...) EL HORIZ. AL S ESTABA MUY OSCURO Y CARGADO DE BARDA. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138579 | ||||||||||
| 1786-07-11T13:00 | -16.63 | 45 | 12.3 | (FONDEARON EN LA CORUÑA)(LOS DATOS DE LONGITUD) ...ACREDITA LA BUENA POSICIÓN DE LOS CABOS FINISTERRE Y VILLANO RESPECTO A LISBOA. Y EL EXCELENTE MOVIMIENTO UNIFORME DEL RELOJ Nº 79 DE ARNOLD (INCLUYE | INSTRUCCIONES PARA ENTRAR EN EL PUERTO DE LA CORUÑA). | NE | BIEN FRESCO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138580 | ||||||||||||
| 1786-08-02T00:00 | ALTURAS ABSOLUTAS DESDE LA FRAGATA EN EL PUERTO DE FERROL | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138581 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1786-08-03T12:00 | -6.23 | A 3H 17 54 DEL RELOJ 79 INERSIÓN DEL PRIMER SATÉLITE DE JÚPITER. LA ATMÓSFERA ESTABA MUY CLARA, SE DISTINGUÍAN PERFECTAMENTE LAS BANDAS DEL PLANETA: EXACTA OBSERVACIÓN. ANTEOJO DE DOLOUD, | Nº 1 DE ESTA COLECCIÓN DE TRES Y MEDIO PIES DE LARGO, TRIPLE OBJETIVO, Y TRES PULGADAS DE ABERTURA. | LA ATMÓSFERA ESTABA MUY CLARA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138582 | |||||||||||||||
| 1786-08-07T00:00 | 42.87 | 42 | ONO | 35.90 | NE 1/4 N | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138583 | ||||||||||||||
| 1786-08-09T13:00 | 42.35 | -15.88 | 361 | (A PARTIR DE AQUÍ OFRECE UNOS LISTADOS DE MARCACIONES, Y DE LOS MOVIMIENTOS Y ADELANTOS DE LOS RELOJES DEL BARCO, HASTA EL 24 DE3 AGOSTO, QUE VUELVE A DAR DATOS DE CLIMA Y NAVEGACIÓN) | -20 | CALMA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138584 | |||||||||||||
| 1786-08-24T00:00 | 23 | MONTE DE OPORTO | S 81º E | 13 | SSO | NNE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138585 | |||||||||||||
| 1786-08-25T00:00 | 360 | S 1/4 SE | N | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138586 | ||||||||||||||||
| 1786-08-26T00:00 | 45 | SE 3º E | NE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138587 | ||||||||||||||||
| 1786-08-27T00:00 | 45 | S | A LAS 5H 30 CORTAMOS EL PARALELO DEL CABO ESPICHEL Y SE ORZÓ PARA RECONOCER LA ENSENADA DEL SETÚBAL | NE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138588 | |||||||||||||||
| 1786-08-28T13:00 | 36.48 | -15.30 | 26 | 7.3 | SSE | (LONGITUD AL O DE CÁDIZ) | -19 | NE | DEMASIADO BONANCIBLE | EL VTO HA SIDO TODA LA SINGLADURA DEMASIADO BONANCIBLE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138589 | |||||||||
| 1786-08-29T13:00 | -15.77 | 42 | TORRE SAN SEBASTIÁN DE CÁDIZ | N 67º O | 4 | ESE | NE 1/4 N | EL VTO SE FIJÓ AL E DESDE EL AMANECER. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138590 | |||||||||||
| 1786-08-30T00:00 | 90 | 15.4 | E | MUCHO | TODA LA NOCHE PERMANECIÓ EL VTO MUY FRESCO DEL E | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138591 | ||||||||||||||
| 1786-08-31T00:00 | 90 | 15.4 | (A PARTIR DE AQUÍ SE DAN UN LISTADO DE MARCACIONES) (FIN DEL DIARIO) | E | MUY FRESCO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 138592 |