Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 6.547981 * Median Longitude: -29.478558 * South-bound Latitude: -37.080000 * West-bound Longitude: -54.070000 * North-bound Latitude: 43.670000 * East-bound Longitude: -11.020000

Date/Time Start: 1775-10-16T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1776-01-31T00:00:00

Event(s):

La_Cantabria_17751016_CORREOS_195A_R1_BIS * Latitude Start: -35.970000 * Longitude Start: -55.650000 * Latitude End: 43.360000 * Longitude End: -8.360000 * Date/Time Start: 1775-10-16T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1776-01-31T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: La Cantabria (Fragata Correo), Voyage: Montevideo - La Coruña, 1st Observer: José Antonio de Llanos (Capitan)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
7	Comment	Comment		Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
8	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
9	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
10	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
11	Present weather	ww		Weather description
12	Precipitation description	Precip descr
13	State of the sea description	State sea descr
14	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
15	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
16	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
17	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
18	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
19	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
20	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
21	Comment	Comment
22	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

1598 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...)	7 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...)	8 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	9 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	10 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	11 ww (Weather description)	12 Precip descr	13 State sea descr	15 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	18 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...)	21 Comment	22 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1775-10-16T00:00			360	4.6				N	FLOJO			BONANCIBLE	0	0		132566
1775-10-17T00:00			68	6.7				ENE	BONANCIBLE				0	0		132567
1775-10-18T16:00	-35.65	-54.07	83		71.00		15	ENE					0	0		132568
1775-10-19T15:00	-36.00	-52.35	37		81.00		14	NNE	VARIABLE			PICADA	0	0		132569
1775-10-20T15:00	-36.73	-51.48	14	12.3	62.00		14	N	DE TODA VELA			DEL NE	0	0		132570
1775-10-21T15:00	-37.08	-49.07	37	9.3	117.00		14	NNE	FRESQUITO			CRECIDA	0	0		132571
1775-10-22T15:00	-36.62	-46.82	9	12.3	111.00		12	N 1/4 NO	FRESCO			CRECIDA	0	0		132572
1775-10-23T15:00	-35.88	-45.10	260	6.7	93.00		12	OSO	BONANCIBLE			BELLA	0	0		132573
1775-10-24T15:00	-34.87	-42.18	303	9.3	156.00		10	ONO	FRESQUITO			PICADA	0	0		132574
1775-10-25T15:00	-33.62	-38.80	258	9.3	180.00		10	OSO	FRESQUITO			PICADA	0	0		132575
1775-10-26T14:00	-32.42	-35.90	209	9.3	162.00		6	SSO	FRESQUITO			ALTERADA	0	0		132576
1775-10-27T14:00	-30.90	-34.03	141	9.3	163.00		6	SE	FRESQUITO			PICADA	0	0	a trivial correction was made in this observation	132577
1775-10-28T14:00	-28.90	-31.85	135	12.3	139.00		3	SE 1/4 E	FRESCO			PICADA	0	0		132578
1775-10-29T14:00	-26.88	-31.20	92	9.3	122.00		2	E	FRESQUITO			DEL NE	0	0		132579
1775-10-30T14:00	-24.87	-30.97	92	9.3	125.00		2	E	FRESQUITO			PICADA	0	0		132580
1775-10-31T14:00	-23.40	-31.45	92	6.7	89.00		2	E	BONANCIBLE			BELLA	0	0		132581
1775-11-01T14:00	-22.28	-32.17	42	4.6	77.00		0	NE 1/4 N	FLOJO			BELLA	0	0		132582
1775-11-02T14:00	-22.53	-31.27	47		52.00		2	NE					0	0		132583
1775-11-03T14:00	-22.82	-30.60	5	1.0	41.00		2	N 1/4 NE	CUASI CALMA			BELLA	0	0		132584
1775-11-04T14:00	-22.70	-30.42	25	1.0			2	NNE	CUASI CALMA			DEL SO	0	0		132585
1775-11-05T14:00	-22.77	-29.32	5	4.6	66.00		2	N 1/4 NE	FLOJO			CRECIDA	0	0		132586
1775-11-06T14:00	-22.65	-29.60	2	4.6	40.00		2	N	FLOJO			DEL SO	0	0		132587
1775-11-07T14:00	-22.62	-28.00	2	1.0	34.00		2	N	CUASI CALMA			DEL SO	0	0		132588
1775-11-08T14:00	-22.55	-27.13	2	1.0	48.00		-1	N 1/4 NE	CUASI CALMA			BELLA	0	0		132589
1775-11-09T14:00	-21.88	-26.32	336	4.6	59.00		-2	NNO	FLOJO			BELLA	0	0		132590
1775-11-10T14:00	-21.70	-25.88	316	2.6	26.00		-2	NO 1/4 N	CALMOSO			BELLA	0	0		132591
1775-11-11T14:00	-21.22	-26.82	1		61.00		-2	N 1/4 NE					0	0		132592
1775-11-12T14:00	-20.95	-26.70	358	4.6	20.00		-2	N	FLOJO			DEL SO	0	0		132593
1775-11-13T14:00	-20.62	-26.85	1		51.00		-2	N 1/4 NE	VARIABLE			PICADA	0	0		132594
1775-11-14T14:00	-20.43	-28.07	3	4.6	61.00		0	N 1/4 NE	FLOJO			BELLA	0	0		132595
1775-11-15T14:00	-20.03	-29.18	23	4.6	66.00		0	NNE	FLOJO			BELLA	0	0		132596
1775-11-16T14:00	-19.62	-29.93	360		19.00		0	N					0	0		132597
1775-11-17T14:00	-18.55	-31.58	23	12.3	115.00		0	NNE	DE TODA VELA			PICADA	0	0		132598
1775-11-18T14:00	-18.32	-31.45	23		77.00		0	NNE					0	0		132599
1775-11-19T14:00	-18.27	-30.33	3	4.6	65.00		0	N 1/4 NE	FLOJO			PICADA	0	0		132600
1775-11-20T14:00	-18.50	-29.52	3	4.6	48.00		0	N 1/4 NE	FLOJO			DEL SO	0	0		132601
1775-11-21T14:00	-17.93	-29.42	3	4.6	31.00		0	N 1/4 NE	FLOJO			BELLA	0	0		132602
1775-11-22T14:00	-16.43	-30.00	44	4.6	100.00		-1	NE	FLOJO			PICADA	0	0		132603
1775-11-23T14:00	-14.77	-30.20	67	4.6	104.00		-1	ENE	FLOJO			PICADA	0	0		132604
1775-11-24T14:00	-13.18	-30.02	89	4.6	96.00		-1	E	FLOJO			ALGO PICADA	0	0		132605
1775-11-25T14:00	-11.15	-29.78	43	12.3	138.00		-2	NE	DE TODA VELA			PICADA	0	0		132606
1775-11-26T14:00	-8.95	-29.72	88	6.7	136.00		-2	E	BONANCIBLE			BELLA	0	0		132607
1775-11-27T14:00	-6.88	-29.17	87	12.3	128.00		-3	E	DE TODA VELA			PICADA	0	0		132608
1775-11-28T14:00	-4.73	-27.87	110	12.3	149.00		-3	ESE	DE TODA VELA			PICADA	0	0		132609
1775-11-29T14:00	-2.73	-26.77	108	4.6	134.00		-5	ESE	FLOJO			BELLA	0	0		132610
1775-11-30T14:00	-0.73	-26.37	107	6.7	129.00		-6	ESE	BONANCIBLE			BELLA	0	0		132611
1775-12-01T14:00	1.15	-24.48	107		125.00		-6	ESE					0	0		132612
1775-12-02T14:00	2.83	-24.40	128	4.6	79.00		-7	SE	FLOJO		ALGUNOS CHUBASCOS	PICADA	1	0		132613
1775-12-03T14:00	3.82	-24.33	151	4.6	59.00		-7	SSE	FLOJO			PICADA	0	0		132614
1775-12-04T14:00	5.03	-24.35	38	4.6	40.00		-7	NE	FLOJO			PICADA	0	0		132615
1775-12-05T14:00	5.48	-24.37	151	1.0	27.00		-7	SSE	CUASI CALMA		ALGUNOS CHUBASCOS	PICADA	1	0		132616
1775-12-06T14:00	5.75	-24.55	38	1.0	16.00		-7	NE	CUASI CALMA		ALGUNOS CHUBASCOS	PICADA	1	0		132617
1775-12-07T14:00	6.38	-25.15	38	4.6	49.00		-7	NE	FLOJO			PICADA	0	0		132618
1775-12-08T14:00	6.72	-26.50	38	6.7	116.00		-7	NE	BONANCIBLE			ALGO PICADA	0	0		132619
1775-12-09T14:00	8.50	-27.82	39		138.00		-6	NE					0	0		132620
1775-12-10T14:00	10.18	-28.55	42	4.6	102.00		-6	NE 1/4 E	FLOJO			ALGO PICADA	0	0		132621
1775-12-11T14:00	11.53	-30.17	42	12.3	125.00		-6	NE 1/4 E	DE TODA VELA			PICADA	0	0		132622
1775-12-12T14:00	12.83	-31.10	41	4.6	83.00		-7	NE 1/4 E	FLOJO			ALGO PICADA	0	0		132623
1775-12-13T14:00	13.83	-31.95	41	4.6	82.00		-7	NE 1/4 E	FLOJO			BELLA	0	0		132624
1775-12-14T14:00	15.15	-32.87	40	4.6	96.00		-5	NE	FLOJO			BELLA	0	0		132625
1775-12-15T14:00	16.72	-33.45	40	4.6	102.00		-5	NE	FLOJO			PICADA	0	0		132626
1775-12-16T14:00	18.28	-33.53	62	6.7	89.00		-6	ENE	BONANCIBLE			PICADA	0	0		132627
1775-12-17T14:00	19.43	-33.57		4.6	71.00		-6	E 1/4 E	FLOJO			DEL N	0	0		132628
1775-12-18T14:00	20.70	-33.92	62	4.6	73.00		-6	ENE	FLOJO			BELLA	0	0		132629
1775-12-19T14:00	22.22	-34.12	62	4.6	92.00		-6	ENE	FLOJO			BELLA	0	0		132630
1775-12-20T14:00	23.43	-34.32	82	4.6	74.00		-8	E	FLOJO			DEL NNO	0	0		132631
1775-12-21T14:00	24.98	-34.55	79	6.7	92.00		-8	E 1/4 NE	BONANCIBLE			PICADA	0	0		132632
1775-12-22T14:00	26.78	-34.87	60	6.7	111.00		-8	ENE	BONANCIBLE			BELLA	0	0		132633
1775-12-23T14:00	28.25	-35.18	77	6.7	100.00		-10	E 1/4 NE	BONANCIBLE			PICADA	0	0		132634
1775-12-24T14:00	29.13	-35.20	77	4.6	50.00		-10	E 1/4 NE	FLOJO			CRECIDA	0	0		132635
1775-12-25T14:00	29.60	-33.92	308	15.4	76.00		-10	NO 1/4 N	RECIO		ALGUNOS CHUBASCOS	CRECIDA	1	0		132636
1775-12-26T14:00	30.35	-34.73	35	12.3	63.00		-10	NE	FRESCO			MUY CRECIDA	0	0		132637
1775-12-27T14:00	30.53	-34.80	35	4.6			-10	NE	FLOJO			CRECIDA	0	0		132638
1775-12-28T14:00	31.33	-34.60	193	1.0	46.00		-10	SSO	CUASI CALMA			PICADA	0	0		132639
1775-12-29T14:00	32.70	-34.02	213	12.3	87.00		-12	SO	FRESCO		ALGUNOS CHUBASCOS	PICADA	1	0		132640
1775-12-30T14:00	32.77	-33.97	33	1.0			-12	NE	CUASI CALMA		ALGUNOS CHUBASCOS	CRECIDA	1	0		132641
1775-12-31T14:00	33.75	-32.73	300	15.4	85.00		-12	NO 1/4 O	RECIO		ALGUNOS CHUBASCOS	CRECIDA	1	0		132642
1776-01-01T14:00	33.83	-30.27	346	12.3	109.00		-14	N	DE TODA VELA			CRECIDA	0	0		132643
1776-01-02T14:00	33.85	-29.07	349	4.6	60.00		-14	N 1/4 NE	FLOJO			DEL NO	0	0		132644
1776-01-03T14:00	33.63	-28.82	54	1.0			-14	ENE	CUASI CALMA			DEL NO	0	0		132645
1776-01-04T14:00	33.95	-28.75	211	2.6	20.00		-14	SO	CALMOSO			BELLA	0	0		132646
1776-01-05T14:00	34.45	-28.72	166	1.0	28.00		-14	S	CUASI CALMA			CRECIDA	0	0		132647
1776-01-06T14:00	35.50	-29.12	349	12.3	61.00		-14	N 1/4 NE	DE TODA VELA			PICADA	0	0		132648
1776-01-07T14:00	36.48	-29.40	73	1.0	60.00		-14	E 1/4 NE	CUASI CALMA			DEL N	0	0		132649
1776-01-08T14:00	36.45	-28.65	28	4.6	36.00		-14	NE 1/4 N	FLOJO			BELLA	0	0		132650
1776-01-09T14:00	36.10	-26.55	27	12.3	103.00		-16	NE 1/4 N	DE TODA VELA			PICADA	0	0		132651
1776-01-10T14:00	36.72	-27.02	33	1.0	40.00		-16	NE 1/4 E	CUASI CALMA			CRECIDA	0	0		132652
1776-01-11T14:00	36.95	-27.07	75	1.0	14.00		-16	E	CUASI CALMA			CRECIDA	0	0		132653
1776-01-12T14:00	37.65	-27.03	230		34.00		-18	OSO					0	0		132654
1776-01-13T14:00	37.08	-27.48	233	15.4	34.00		-16	OSO	RECIO		CONTINUOS CHUBASCOS	ALTERADA	1	0		132655
1776-01-14T14:00	36.12	-26.02	323	15.4	91.00		-16	NNO	RECIO		CONTINUOS CHUBASCOS	CRECIDA	1	0		132656
1776-01-15T14:00	35.87	-23.73	300	12.3	112.00		-16	NO	DE TODA VELA			CRECIDA	0	0		132657
1776-01-16T14:00	36.38	-23.28	75		49.00		-16	E					0	0		132658
1776-01-17T14:00	36.87	-24.33	300	15.4	104.00		-16	NO	RECIO		CONTINUOS CHUBASCOS	CRECIDA	1	0		132659
1776-01-18T14:00	37.10	-22.52	348	12.3	89.00		-16	N 1/4 NE	FRESCO			CRECIDA	0	0		132660
1776-01-19T13:00	37.77	-20.80	4	15.4	89.00		-19	NNE	RECIO			CRECIDA	0	0		132661
1776-01-20T13:00	38.57	-19.22	341	15.4	88.00		-19	N	RECIO	CARGADOS TRUENOS Y RELÁMPAGOS	CONTINUOS CHUBASCOS	CRECIDA	1	1		132662
1776-01-21T13:00	38.75	-17.87	344	15.4	64.00		-19	N 1/4 NE	RECIO		CONTINUOS CHUBASCOS	CRECIDA	1	0		132663
1776-01-22T13:00	39.87	-15.85	319	12.3	115.00		-19	NNO	FRESCO			GRUESA	0	0		132664
1776-01-23T13:00	39.57	-15.08	319	15.4	46.00		-19	NNO	RECIO		CONTINUOS CHUBASCOS	GRUESA	1	0		132665
1776-01-24T13:00	39.10	-15.30	4	15.4	26.00		-19	NNE	RECIO			CRECIDA	0	0		132666
1776-01-25T13:00	41.03	-15.15	274	4.6	119.00		-19	ONO	FLOJO			CRECIDA	0	0		132667
1776-01-26T13:00	43.22	-14.83	272	15.4	135.00		-21	ONO	RECIO		CONTINUOS CHUBASCOS	CRECIDA	1	0		132668
1776-01-27T13:00	43.67	-13.12	272	15.4	79.00		-21	ONO	RECIO	CARGADOS DE MAL SEMBLANTE		MUY CRECIDA	0	0		132669
1776-01-28T13:00	43.32	-11.90	272	12.3	75.00		-21	ONO	FRESCO	CARGADOS RELÁMPAGOS		CRECIDA	0	1		132670
1776-01-29T13:00	43.32	-11.02	182	15.4	39.00		-21	SSO	RECIO		CONTINUOS CHUBASCOS	CRECIDA	1	0		132671
1776-01-30T00:00			248	12.3				OSO	FRESCO		CONTINUOS CHUBASCOS	CRECIDA	1	0		132672
1776-01-31T00:00			225	2.6		EN LA PRESENTE SINGLADURA FONDEA EN EL PUERTO DE LA CORUÑA		SO	CALMOSO			LLANA	0	0		132673