García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during La Boussole cruise from Europa to Madere started at 1785-08-01 [dataset]. Nederlands Instituut voor Wetenschappelijke Inform, Amsterdam, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750046, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 41.120833 * Median Longitude: -10.675833 * South-bound Latitude: 32.950000 * West-bound Longitude: -15.420000 * North-bound Latitude: 48.180000 * East-bound Longitude: -5.220000
Date/Time Start: 1785-08-01T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1785-08-12T13:00:00
Event(s):
La_Boussole_17850801_NIWI-F-1573 * Latitude Start: 48.180000 * Longitude Start: -5.220000 * Latitude End: 32.130000 * Longitude End: -16.570000 * Date/Time Start: 1785-08-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1785-08-12T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: La Boussole (Exploration Ves), Voyage: Europa - Madere, 1st Observer: J.F.G. de La Perouse (Kapitein), Other ship information: 450 TONS, THREE MASTS, SQUARE RIGGED, COMPLEMENT 113. HET GEDRUKTE BOEK HEET: VOYAGE DE LA PEROUSE AUTOUR DU MONDE. (1797), GEREDIGEERD DOOR M.L.A. MILET-MUREAU. HET BETREFT EEN ZEER BEKENDE REIS WAAROVER OP INTERNET VEEL IS GEPUBLICEERD. HET DERDE DEEL BEVAT EEN TABEL MET METEREOLOGISCHE GEGEVENS, DEZE IS HIER VERWERKT. HET SCHIP VOER IN KONVOOI MET L'ASTROLABE, DIT JOURNAAL IS OOK IN TABELVORM WEERGEGEVEN EN GEEFT OOK UITGEBREIDE WEERGEGEVENS.
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Pressure, atmospheric | PPPP | hPa | No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude | ||
| 7 | Temperature, air | TTT | °C | |||
| 8 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 9 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 10 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 11 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the (outside) air thermometer | ||
| 12 | Sensor reading | Reading | arbitrary units | Reading of the air pressure | ||
| 13 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 14 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 15 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 16 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 17 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 18 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 19 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 20 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 21 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 22 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 23 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
215 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...) | 7 TTT [°C] | 8 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 9 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 10 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 11 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...) | 12 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure) | 13 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 14 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 15 ww (Weather description) | 16 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 17 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 18 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 19 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 20 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 21 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 22 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 23 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1785-08-01T12:00 | 48.18 | -5.22 | 67 | 1016.6 | 14.4 | -23 | 11.50 | 280200.00 | E | LE TEMPS COUVERT, DE LA PLUIE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 131445 | ||||
| 1785-08-02T12:00 | 47.20 | -6.77 | 137 | 9.3 | 1007.6 | 17.5 | -21 | 14.00 | 271100.00 | SSE | BON FRAIS | NÉBULEUX | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 131446 | ||
| 1785-08-03T13:00 | 47.00 | -8.05 | 158 | 997.4 | 15.9 | -22 | 12.75 | 270705.00 | S | PAR RAFALES | COUVERT, DE LA PLUIE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 131447 | |||
| 1785-08-04T13:00 | 45.58 | -9.05 | 23 | 6.7 | 1006.4 | 17.5 | -22 | 14.00 | 271005.00 | NE | PETIT FRAIS | BEAU | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 131448 | ||
| 1785-08-05T13:00 | 44.25 | -8.74 | 293 | 6.7 | 1022.6 | 18.1 | -22 | 14.50 | 280400.00 | NW | PETIT FRAIS | BEAU | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 131449 | ||
| 1785-08-06T13:00 | 43.42 | -9.37 | 1 | 6.7 | 1022.6 | 18.8 | -22 | 15.00 | 280400.00 | NNE | PETIT FRAIS | NUAGEUX | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 131450 | ||
| 1785-08-07T13:00 | 41.32 | -11.69 | 25 | 9.3 | 1022.6 | 18.8 | -20 | 15.00 | 280400.00 | NE | BON FRAIS | NUAGEUX | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 131451 | ||
| 1785-08-08T13:00 | 38.98 | -12.42 | 25 | 9.3 | 1018.4 | 18.8 | -20 | 15.00 | 280205.00 | NE | BON FRAIS | NUAGEUX | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 131452 | ||
| 1785-08-09T13:00 | 36.87 | -12.99 | 26 | 9.3 | 1023.3 | 19.4 | -19 | 15.50 | 280402.00 | NE | BON FRAIS | BEAU | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 131453 | ||
| 1785-08-10T13:00 | 34.67 | -14.37 | 26 | 6.7 | 1019.6 | 20.4 | -19 | 16.33 | 280300.00 | NE | PETIT FRAIS | BEAU | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 131454 | ||
| 1785-08-11T13:00 | 33.03 | -14.02 | 4 | 6.7 | 1019.5 | 21.3 | LES ÎLES DÉSERTES (20:00 H) | -19 | 17.00 | 280208.00 | NNE | PETIT FRAIS | BEAU | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 131455 | |
| 1785-08-12T13:00 | 32.95 | -15.42 | 4 | 6.7 | 1019.5 | 21.3 | MOUILLÉ DANS LA RADE DE FUNCHAL, ÎLE DE MADÈRE (20:00H) | -19 | 17.00 | 280208.00 | NNE | PETIT FRAIS | NÉBULEUX | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 131456 |