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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during KORTENAER cruise from Liverpool to Melbourne started at 1853-03-21 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.750024, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -17.731491 * Median Longitude: 34.939561 * South-bound Latitude: -40.530000 * West-bound Longitude: -28.700000 * North-bound Latitude: 53.000000 * East-bound Longitude: 143.550000
Date/Time Start: 1853-03-21T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1853-10-12T04:00:00
Event(s):
Kortenaer_18530321_E_REIS_4_P28-38 * Latitude Start: 53.480000 * Longitude Start: -3.240000 * Latitude End: -39.280000 * Longitude End: 142.700000 * Date/Time Start: 1853-03-21T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1853-10-12T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Kortenaer, Voyage: Liverpool - Melbourne
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
14 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
15 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
16 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
17 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
18 FogFog1 If fog was reported
19 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
20 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
21 HailHail1 If hail was reported
22 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
23 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2168 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
10 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
14 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
15 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
16 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
17 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
18 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
19 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
20 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
21 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
22 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
23 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1853-03-21T12:0053.00-5.273344.61021.113.31VM8-2656.0030.15NNO-NBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130396
1853-03-22T13:0050.42-9.071912.31017.712.8VM8-2655.0030.05NOBRAMZEILSKOELTE-DUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130397
1853-03-23T13:0047.57-8.13424.61019.413.9VM8-2657.0030.10NNO-ONOBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130398
1853-03-24T13:0045.45-9.602464.61018.714.4VM8-2458.0030.08NO-WBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130399
1853-03-25T13:0043.58-9.982919.31019.414.4VM8-2458.0030.10NTWW-NWBRAMZEILSKOELTE-GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130400
1853-03-26T13:0040.70-11.683044.61020.715.6VM8-2260.0030.14NWTNGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE-BRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130401
1853-03-27T13:0039.22-12.631341.01021.415.6VM8-2460.0030.16NNO-ZZOFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130402
1853-03-28T13:0039.07-14.4817915.41017.716.1VM8-2461.0030.05ZZWDIGTGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130403
1853-03-29T13:0037.85-14.0026922.61009.216.1VM8-2461.0029.80WNWSTORMWEER0000000130404
1853-03-30T13:0035.62-14.382932.61017.016.7VM8-2262.0030.03NWLABBER KOELTE0000000130405
1853-03-31T13:0034.03-14.282592.61019.416.7VM8-2262.0030.10W-WTNLABBER KOELTE0000000130406
1853-04-01T13:0032.75-14.952591.01021.117.8VM8-2264.0030.15NNW-WTNFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130407
1853-04-02T13:0031.98-16.32242.61021.117.8VM8-2164.0030.15N-NOLABBER KOELTE0000000130408
1853-04-03T13:0030.17-17.72584.61019.418.3VM8-2165.0030.10NO-OTNBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130409
1853-04-04T13:0027.47-20.15484.61016.018.9VM8-2066.0030.00ONOBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130410
1853-04-05T13:0025.25-22.13254.61016.718.9VM8-2066.0030.02ONO-NOBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130411
1853-04-06T14:0024.27-22.532051.01019.719.4VM8-2067.0030.11O-ZWFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130412
1853-04-07T14:0021.60-23.882974.61016.019.4VM8-1867.0030.00NWBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130413
1853-04-08T14:0019.38-24.783204.61017.720.0VM8-1868.0030.05NNWBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130414
1853-04-09T14:0018.27-25.6552.61018.020.6VM8-1869.0030.06NNOLABBERKOELTE0000000130415
1853-04-10T14:0015.68-26.28844.61017.720.6VM8-1769.0030.05OTZBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130416
1853-04-11T14:0013.38-25.20734.61019.420.6VM8-1769.0030.10OBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130417
1853-04-12T14:0010.73-24.10514.61019.421.1VM8-1770.0030.10ONOBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130418
1853-04-13T13:008.38-22.48502.61020.021.7VM8-1871.0030.12ONOLABBERKOELTE0000000130419
1853-04-14T13:006.97-21.703421.01022.122.2VM8-1872.0030.18NFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130420
1853-04-15T13:005.47-21.253422.61022.822.8VM8-1873.0030.20NLABBERKOELTE0000000130421
1853-04-16T13:004.58-21.023622.61024.823.3VM8-1874.0030.26VARIABELFLAUWE0000000130422
1853-04-17T13:003.27-21.43952.61026.123.9VM8-1875.0030.30OZOLABBERKOELTE0000000130423
1853-04-18T13:003.00-21.77721.01027.823.9VM8-1875.0030.35OFLAUW EN STIL0000000130424
1853-04-19T13:001.83-21.823421.01023.823.3VM8-1874.0030.23NFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130425
1853-04-20T13:001.82-21.182520.01026.825.0VM8-1877.0030.32WSTIL0000000130426
1853-04-21T13:001.30-21.371171.01026.124.4VM8-1876.0030.30ZOFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130427
1853-04-22T14:000.17-22.631432.61025.523.9VM8-1575.0030.28ZZOLABBERKOELTE0000000130428
1853-04-23T14:00-1.38-22.501172.61026.124.4VM8-1876.0030.30ZOLABBERKOELTE0000000130429
1853-04-24T14:00-3.22-23.651434.61024.524.4VM8-1576.0030.25ZZOBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130430
1853-04-25T14:00-5.93-24.251314.61021.424.4VM8-1576.0030.16ZOTZBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130431
1853-04-26T14:00-8.63-26.021104.61020.023.9VM8-1475.0030.12ZOTOBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130432
1853-04-27T14:00-11.33-27.531134.61020.723.9VM8-1175.0030.14ZOTOBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130433
1853-04-28T14:00-14.22-28.171024.61021.124.4VM8-1176.0030.15OZOBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130434
1853-04-29T14:00-17.20-28.70904.61020.024.4VM8-1176.0030.12OTZBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130435
1853-04-30T14:00-19.58-28.43914.61019.424.4VM8-1076.0030.10OTZBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130436
1853-05-05T14:00-28.18-22.5035712.31012.624.4VM8-1476.0029.90NTW-NTODUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130437
1853-05-06T13:00-29.78-21.451661.01017.725.0VM8-1477.0030.05ZFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130438
1853-05-07T13:00-30.30-20.923014.61017.722.8VM8-1473.0030.05NWBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130439
1853-05-08T13:00-30.47-20.333244.61019.421.1VM8-1470.0030.10NNWBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130440
1853-05-09T13:00-31.13-19.423241.01017.721.1VM8-1470.0030.05NNWFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130441
1853-05-10T13:00-30.97-14.471866.71016.020.6VM8-1769.0030.00ZZWMARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130442
1853-05-11T13:00-31.43-11.081834.61019.416.7VM8-2062.0030.10ZZWBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130443
1853-05-12T13:00-31.65-9.081836.71016.715.0VM8-2059.0030.02ZZWMARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130444
1853-05-13T13:00-32.32-8.183182.61021.118.3VM8-2065.0030.15NNWLABBERKOELTE0000000130445
1853-05-14T12:00-33.17-6.602031024.520.0VM8-2268.0030.25ZWLICHTE KOELTE0000000130446
1853-05-15T12:00-33.60-5.671361.01025.519.4VM8-2267.0030.28ZZOFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130447
1853-05-16T12:00-34.72-3.58571.01022.817.2VM8-2263.0030.20OTNFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130448
1853-05-17T12:00-36.22-0.6329112.31005.817.2VM8-2463.0029.70NWSTIJVE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130449
1853-05-18T12:00-36.753.102224.61017.312.2VM8-2654.0030.04WZWBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130450
1853-05-19T12:00-37.326.352104.61001.810.6VM8-2651.0029.58ZWTWBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130451
1853-05-20T11:00-37.588.251521.01031.210.6VM8-2851.0030.45ZFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130452
1853-05-21T11:00-37.979.073101.01029.512.2VM8-2854.0030.40NNWFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130453
1853-05-22T11:00-38.3813.173099.31015.313.3VM8-2956.0029.98NNWGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130454
1853-05-23T11:00-38.6316.601962.61010.915.0VM8-2959.0029.85ZWLABBERKOELTE0000000130455
1853-05-24T11:00-38.3019.083086.71003.117.2VM8-3063.0029.62NNWMARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130456
1853-05-25T10:00-38.8322.5730726.81003.517.8VM8-3164.0029.63NNWSTORM0000000130457
1853-05-26T10:00-40.1526.0025016.31002.417.2VM8-3163.0029.60WTNSTIJVE DICHTGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130458
1853-05-27T10:00-39.5229.233184.61016.715.0VM8-3159.0030.02NTWBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130459
1853-05-28T10:00-39.1832.083074.61017.715.0VM8-3159.0030.05NNWBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130460
1853-05-29T10:00-38.6734.781499.31018.713.3VM8-3156.0030.08ZONGESTADIGE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130461
1853-05-30T09:00-38.0540.121734.61024.512.2VM8-3054.0030.25ZZWBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130462
1853-05-31T09:00-37.7341.781844.61021.113.9VM8-3057.0030.15ZWTZBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130463
1853-06-01T09:00-38.4244.421612.31002.413.3VM8-2956.0029.60NOSTIJVE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130464
1853-06-02T09:00-38.4848.173104.61004.515.0VM8-2859.0029.66NNWBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130465
1853-06-03T09:00-38.2051.371979.31008.915.6VM8-2860.0029.79ZWGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130466
1853-06-04T08:00-37.9856.122329.31011.916.1VM8-2761.0029.88WTZGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130467
1853-06-05T08:00-37.6758.334.61016.015.6VM8-2660.0030.00BRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130468
1853-06-06T08:00-38.0061.902229.31004.812.8VM8-2655.0029.67WZWGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130469
1853-06-07T08:00-37.4765.7820522.6985.512.8VM8-2055.0029.10ZWSTORMWEER0000000130470
1853-06-08T07:00-35.8569.0520616.31002.413.9VM8-1957.0029.60ZWSTIJVE DICHT GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130471
1853-06-09T07:00-35.8770.631841.01015.618.3VM8-1965.0029.99ZZWFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130472
1853-06-10T07:00-35.8571.421391.01025.518.3VM8-1965.0030.28ZZOFLAUW EN STIL0000000130473
1853-06-11T07:00-35.8271.65710.01028.213.9VM8-1957.0030.36OSTIL0000000130474
1853-06-12T07:00-37.9072.22894.61036.314.4VM8-2458.0030.60OZOBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130475
1853-06-13T07:00-39.3374.18564.61036.318.3VM8-2365.0030.60OTNBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130476
1853-06-14T07:00-38.0876.373376.71025.518.3VM8-2365.0030.28NSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130477
1853-06-15T07:00-38.7880.1531612.31017.016.7VM8-2262.0030.03NNWDUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130478
1853-06-16T06:00-38.7584.072726.71012.313.3VM8-2156.0029.89WNWSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130479
1853-06-17T06:00-38.1387.671614.61021.111.7VM8-1953.0030.15ZBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130480
1853-06-18T06:00-37.8888.422061.01022.811.1VM8-1952.0030.20ZWFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130481
1853-06-19T06:00-38.4088.982511.01028.211.7VM8-1953.0030.36WFLAUWE KOELTE0000000130482
1853-06-20T06:00-39.7292.05154.61022.811.7VM8-1953.0030.20NOTNBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130483
1853-06-21T06:00-40.5394.70516.31004.512.8VM8-1855.0029.66NNOSTIJVE DICHT GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130484
1853-06-22T05:00-39.6798.0532212.31007.912.8VM8-1655.0029.76NNWDUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130485
1853-06-23T05:00-39.38102.102776.71018.413.3VM8-1656.0030.07WNWSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130486
1853-06-24T05:00-39.20104.902454.61021.412.8VM8-1455.0030.16WTZBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130487
1853-06-25T05:00-38.95108.152486.71018.711.7VM8-1153.0030.08WTZSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130488
1853-06-26T05:00-38.92112.0528212.31015.011.7VM8-1153.0029.97WNWDUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130489
1853-06-27T04:00-38.92115.852169.31022.111.1VM8-952.0030.18ZWGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130490
1853-06-28T04:00-38.87118.573099.31012.611.7VM8-653.0029.90NWGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130491
1853-06-29T04:00-39.12122.472196.71016.011.1VM8-652.0030.00ZWSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130492
1853-06-30T04:00-39.23125.753124.61017.711.7VM8-353.0030.05NWBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130493
1853-07-01T03:00-39.25128.553152.61022.812.8VM8055.0030.20NWLABBERKOELTE0000000130494
1853-07-02T03:00-39.28132.522612.31011.912.2VM8354.0029.88NNODUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130495
1853-07-03T03:00-38.93136.7835212.31007.513.3VM8356.0029.75NTWDUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130496
1853-07-04T03:00-39.00140.152764.61004.113.3VM8656.0029.65WBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130497
1853-07-05T02:00-39.15143.553476.7VM89NNWSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130498
1853-10-01T03:00-39.05141.982091003.815.0VM8659.0029.64ZTW/ZZW0000000130499
1853-10-02T03:00-38.70141.8327612.31007.210.6VM8651.0029.74ZZW/WDUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130500
1853-10-03T03:00-39.53141.502659.31006.59.4VM8649.0029.72ZWTW/WTZGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130501
1853-10-04T00:00VM80000000130502
1853-10-05T03:00-38.58137.9816412.31019.010.0VM8650.0030.09ZO/ZZODUBBEL GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130503
1853-10-06T03:00-38.12135.631834.61024.511.1VM8352.0030.25ZBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130504
1853-10-07T03:00-38.00132.583526.71008.512.2VM8354.0029.78NTWSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130505
1853-10-08T03:00-37.87131.4524815.4994.011.7VM8053.0029.35WZWDICHT GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130506
1853-10-09T03:00-37.70128.8818015.41009.210.6VM8051.0029.80ZDICHTGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130507
1853-10-10T04:00-37.30125.981789.31019.410.0VM8-250.0030.10ZGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000130508
1853-10-11T04:00-36.82122.801114.61024.510.6VM8-251.0030.25OZOBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130509
1853-10-12T04:00-36.48120.231204.61025.811.7VM8-453.0030.29ZOTOBRAMZEILSKOELTE0000000130510