Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 31.762000 * Median Longitude: -73.036000 * South-bound Latitude: 25.770000 * West-bound Longitude: -74.620000 * North-bound Latitude: 38.820000 * East-bound Longitude: -71.750000

Date/Time Start: 1781-09-16T17:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1781-09-30T17:00:00

Event(s):

Janus_17810916_NMM_ADM/L/J17 * Latitude Start: 17.700000 * Longitude Start: -76.760000 * Latitude End: 40.280000 * Longitude End: -73.000000 * Date/Time Start: 1781-09-16T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1781-09-30T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Janus (5th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Jamaica - Sandy Hook, 1st Observer: William O'Hara (Captain), 2nd Observer: Francis Mcgie (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 44G 879BM

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
7	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
8	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
9	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
10	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
14	Clearness	Clearness
15	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
16	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
17	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
18	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
19	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
20	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
21	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
22	Comment	Comment
23	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

281 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 Landmark (Name of first landmark)	7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark)	8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark)	9 Course (Course of the ship during the...)	10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...)	11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	13 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	14 Clearness	22 Comment	23 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1781-09-16T17:00	25.77	-72.77	117	9.3	RUM KEY	S27W	43	N15E	50.00	4	ESE	FRESH BREEZES	CLEAR		123340
1781-09-17T17:00	26.43	-72.52	4	1.0	BERMUDA	N59E	143	NNE1/2E	30.00	4	N	LIGHT AIRS	CLEAR		123341
1781-09-18T17:00	27.28	-72.68	362	1.0	SANDY HOOK	N5W	264	N10W	52.00	4	VARIABLE	LIGHT AIRS	CLEAR		123342
1781-09-19T17:00	28.08	-72.98	138	1.0	SANDY HOOK	N4W	248	NBW1/2W	51.00	3	SE	LIGHT AIRS	CLEAR		123343
1781-09-20T17:00	28.88	-73.23	93	1.0	SANDY HOOK	N3W	248	N16W	50.00	3	E	LIGHT AIRS	CLEAR		123344
1781-09-21T17:00	29.30	-73.45	48	1.0	SANDY HOOK	N3W	223	N26W	27.00	3	NE	LIGHT AIRS	CLEAR		123345
1781-09-22T17:00	30.05	-74.10	3		SANDY HOOK	N3W	232	N37W	57.00	3	N	HARD SQUALLS			123346
1781-09-23T17:00	30.82	-74.62	71	19.0	SANDY HOOK	N	193	N50W	54.00	3	ENE	FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY			123347
1781-09-24T17:00	33.63	-74.25	90	19.0	SANDY HOOK	N2E	138	N1/2E	78.00	0	E	FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY			123348
1781-09-25T17:00	33.93	-73.52	90	2.6	SANDY HOOK	N4E	130	N3/4E	42.00	0	E	FRESH BREEZES, AM LIGHT BREEZES	CLEAR		123349
1781-09-26T17:00	34.77	-73.17	90	6.7	SANDY HOOK	N30E	120	N58E	42.00	0	E	MODERATE	CLEAR		123350
1781-09-27T17:00	34.78	-72.78	79	6.7	SANDY HOOK	N10W	115	N36E	51.00	0	EBN	MODERATE	CLEAR		123351
1781-09-28T17:00	36.82	-71.75	246	6.7	SANDY HOOK	N20W	94	N35E	89.00	-2	WSW	MODERATE	CLEAR		123352
1781-09-29T17:00	37.07	-71.90	268	6.7	SANDY HOOK	N33W	63	NW4	109.00	-2	W	MODERATE	CLEAR	a trivial correction was made in this observation	123353
1781-09-30T17:00	38.82	-71.82	62	6.7	SANDY HOOK	N38W	55	N7E	30.00	-6	WSW, ENE	MODERATE AND HARD SQUALLS			123354