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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Jacoba Maurina cruise from Batavia to Texel started at 1839-07-13 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.749850, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -2.996783 * Median Longitude: 17.353217 * South-bound Latitude: -35.680000 * West-bound Longitude: -32.190000 * North-bound Latitude: 52.750000 * East-bound Longitude: 105.530000
Date/Time Start: 1839-07-13T05:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1839-11-09T00:00:00
Event(s):
Jacoba_Maurina_18390713_C_REIS_17_P209-237 * Latitude Start: -6.100000 * Longitude Start: 106.860000 * Latitude End: 53.090000 * Longitude End: 4.670000 * Date/Time Start: 1839-07-13T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1839-11-09T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Jacoba Maurina (Bark), Voyage: Batavia - Texel, 1st Observer: J.A. de Maas (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
11 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
12 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
13 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
14 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
15 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
16 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
17 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
18 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
19 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
20 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
21 Present weatherwwWeather description
22 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
23 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
24 Cloud typeCloud type
25 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
26 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
27 FogFog1 If fog was reported
28 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
29 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
30 HailHail1 If hail was reported
31 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
32 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2392 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
11 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
12 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
13 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
14 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
15 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
16 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
17 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
18 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
19 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
20 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
21 
ww
(Weather description)
22 
Precip descr
23 
State sea descr
24 
Cloud type
25 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
26 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
27 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
28 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
29 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
30 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
31 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
32 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1839-07-13T05:00-6.10105.53694.61007.528.9KRAKATAUN2VM81384.0029.75ONO30000000121563
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1839-08-25T10:00-33.7427.001009.221.1KAAP PAIRONN73W37VM8-2970.0029.800000000121606
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1839-08-27T10:00-34.3825.4424122.61007.521.1KAAP REEISN22OVM8-29970.0029.75W90000000121608
1839-08-28T10:00-34.6723.73394.61014.321.7VM8-29371.0029.95ONO30000000121609
1839-08-29T11:00-35.2720.97394.61010.921.7VM8-29371.0029.85ONO30000000121610
1839-08-30T11:00-34.9820.142192.61002.4KAAP AGULHASN68WVM8-29229.60WZW20000000121611
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1839-09-01T11:00-34.9017.081522.61007.520.0VM8-28268.0029.75Z20000000121613
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1839-09-11T12:00-21.86-1.5911112.31010.918.9VM8-24666.0029.85ZO60000000121623
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1839-09-16T00:001134.61010.921.1VM8370.0029.85OZO30000000121628
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1839-09-30T13:007.92-18.582084.61007.529.4VM8-17385.0029.75ZW3W01, W30W21, REGEN1100100121642
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1839-10-06T14:0014.73-24.63296.71005.827.8FAGO PIEK, S MIDDAGSN 24 O1VM8ZEILENDE IN HET GEZICHT VAN FAGO EN BRAVA.-16482.0029.70NO40000000121648
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1839-10-28T13:0044.38-15.821326.71009.223.3VM8-26474.0029.80ZZO4Z04; HOGE DEINING UIT HET WNW.0000000121670
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1839-10-31T13:0048.01-12.808422.6997.413.9VM8-29957.0029.45OZO90000000121673
1839-11-01T13:0049.16-13.138419.0988.913.3VM8-29856.0029.20OZO80000000121674
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1839-11-03T13:0048.75-10.833114.6990.612.8VM8-27355.0029.25NNW30000000121676
1839-11-04T12:0049.18-6.7220012.3988.913.9VM8-25657.0029.20ZW60000000121677
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1839-11-06T12:0050.681.152929.3997.415.61VM8-23560.0029.45NW50000000121679
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1839-11-09T00:001VM80000000121682