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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during INTREPID cruise from Table Bay to Uk started at 1774-12-13 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.749822, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 8.951507 * Median Longitude: -16.496438 * South-bound Latitude: -32.750000 * West-bound Longitude: -32.550000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.920000 * East-bound Longitude: 15.470000
Date/Time Start: 1774-12-13T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1775-02-28T12:00:00
Event(s):
Intrepid_17741213_NMM_ADM/L/J78 * Latitude Start: -34.430000 * Longitude Start: 16.950000 * Latitude End: 49.450000 * Longitude End: -5.630000 * Date/Time Start: 1774-12-13T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1775-02-28T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Intrepid (3rd Rate Frigate), Voyage: Table Bay - Uk, 1st Observer: James Cranston (Captain), 2nd Observer: Arthur Stanhope (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 64G 1369BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
11 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
15 Current speed descriptionV descr
16 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
17 Present weatherwwWeather description
18 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
19 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
20 ClearnessClearness
21 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
22 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
23 FogFog1 If fog was reported
24 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
25 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
26 HailHail1 If hail was reported
27 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
28 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1400 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

-
(1 If position is considered t...)
10 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
11 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
13 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
14 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
15 
V descr
16 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
17 
ww
(Weather description)
18 
Precip descr
19 
State sea descr
20 
Clearness
21 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
22 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
23 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
24 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
25 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
26 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
27 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
28 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1774-12-13T00:00-33.752369.3PENGUIN ISLANDSSE31WBN, WNW, SSE-SWBWFRESH BREEZES0000000119579
1774-12-14T11:00-32.7515.471279.3PENGUIN ISLANDS65E44N65W133.00-19SWBS, S, SEBSFRESH BREEZESFAIR0000000119580
1774-12-15T11:00-31.4814.142392.6PENGUIN ISLANDS57E84N51W121.00-20SSE, SSW, SW, WBSPM FRESH BREEZES, AM MODERATE BREEZES, LIGHT WINDS0000000119581
1774-12-16T11:00-31.1013.223182.6PENGUIN ISLANDS58E102N64W52.00-20WBS, CALM, NNWMODERATE BREEZES WITH CALMS, LIGHT WINDSFAIR0000000119582
1774-12-17T11:00-29.8313.091606.7PENGUIN ISLANDS48E120N5W76.00-20NBW, NW, SPM FRESH BREEZES, AM LIGHT WINDS, 9 MODERATE BREEZES0000000119583
1774-12-18T11:00-28.1510.9914019.0PENGUIN ISLANDS48E170N48W151.00-18SSEFRESH GALESHAZY0000000119584
1774-12-19T11:00-26.008.9017319.0PENGUIN ISLANDS46E226N41W171.00-18SSE-SBWFRESH GALESHAZY0000000119585
1774-12-20T12:00-23.976.7517519.0PENGUIN ISLANDS46E281N44W169.00-16SSE-SBWFRESH GALESA FOLLOWING SWELLHAZY0000000119586
1774-12-21T12:00-22.304.9914112.3PENGUIN ISLANDS46E330N44W141.00-17SSEFRESH TRADECLOUDY0000000119587
1774-12-22T12:00-21.354.091411.5PENGUIN ISLANDS46E356N44W78.00-17SSEPM MODERATE BREEZES, AM LIGHT WINDS INCLINABLE TO CALMCLOUDY0000000119588
1774-12-23T12:00-20.803.921412.6PENGUIN ISLANDS46E367N16W35.00-17SSW, SSELIGHT WINDS INTERMIXED WITH CALMS0000000119589
1774-12-24T12:00-19.823.591292.6PENGUIN ISLANDS43E387N16W61.00-17S, SEBSLIGHT WINDS INTERMIXED WITH CALMS0000000119590
1774-12-25T12:00-18.882.791292.6PENGUIN ISLANDS43E73N41W73.00-17SEBSLIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119591
1774-12-26T12:00-17.880.971886.7ST HELENAN70W120N60W120.00-15SEBS-SSWMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119592
1774-12-27T12:00-16.62-1.081889.3ST HELENAN82W140N56W140.00-15S-SSWFRESH BREEZESHAZY0000000119593
1774-12-28T12:00-16.00-3.181229.3ST HELENAW127N73W127.00-13SEFRESH BREEZESHAZY0000000119594
1774-12-29T12:00-16.00-4.611229.3ST HELENA83N87W83.00-13SEFRESH BREEZESHAZY0000000119595
1775-01-03T12:00-15.08-6.621226.7ST HELENAS46E25N46W74.00-13SEMODERATE BREEZES0000000119596
1775-01-04T13:00-13.93-7.85906.7ST HELENAS45E57N46W100.00-11SEBS, EBSMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119597
1775-01-05T13:00-12.72-9.15906.7ST HELENAS45E93N46W106.00-11EBSMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119598
1775-01-06T13:00-11.62-10.27896.7ST HELENAS45E124N45W93.00-12EBSMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119599
1775-01-07T13:00-10.32-11.37899.3ST HELENAS44E158N40W101.00-12EBSMODERATE TRADECLOUDY0000000119600
1775-01-08T13:00-8.98-12.68919.3ASCENSIONN36W26N44W112.00-10EBSMODERATE TRADECLOUDY0000000119601
1775-01-09T13:00-8.05-13.53919.3ASCENSIONE6N44W73.00-10EBSFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119602
1775-01-10T13:00-6.95-15.70916.7ASCENSIONS53E33N53W100.00-10EBSMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119603
1775-01-11T13:00-5.88-16.721146.7ASCENSIONS48E62N44W87.00-10SEBEMODERATE BREEZESFAIR0000000119604
1775-01-12T13:00-4.77-17.721166.7ASCENSIONS48E91N44W87.00-8SEBEMODERATE BREEZESFAIR0000000119605
1775-01-13T13:00-3.58-18.871162.6ASCENSIONS47E130N44W99.00-8SEBEPM MODERATE BREEZES, AM LIGHT WINDSCLOUDY0000000119606
1775-01-14T13:00-2.32-20.041152.6ASCENSIONS45E159N43W104.00-9SEBELIGHT WINDS0000000119607
1775-01-15T13:00-1.10-21.141152.6ASCENSIONS44E192N42W99.00-9SEBELIGHT WINDS0000000119608
1775-01-16T14:000.18-22.521406.7BRAVASN6W288N47W113.00-6SEBSMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119609
1775-01-17T14:001.22-23.751406.7BRAVASN2W266N50W96.00-6SEBSMODERATE BREEZESGLOOMY0000000119610
1775-01-18T14:001.87-24.55626.7BRAVASN2E253N51W63.00-6SE, E, ENEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119611
1775-01-19T14:002.37-25.32842.6BRAVASN6E244N57W55.00-6EBN, ENE, CALM, NEBE, E,LIGHT WINDSSQUALLS OF RAIN1000000119612
1775-01-20T14:002.47-25.49951.0BRAVASN6E242N60W12.00-6EBSSW5LIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000119613
1775-01-21T14:003.15-25.5772BRAVASN7E229N7W41.00-7EBS, S, EBNPM LIGHT AIRS WITH CALMS, 9 SQUALLYRAIN0100000119614
1775-01-22T14:004.32-25.97616.7BRAVASN10E207N19W74.00-7EBN, NE, ENEMODERATE BREEZESGLOOMY0000000119615
1775-01-23T14:004.85-26.45162.6BRAVASN13E198N42W43.00-7E-NNELIGHT WINDSTHUNDER AND LIGHTNINGFLYING SQUALLS OF RAIN1100100119616
1775-01-24T14:005.77-27.19279.3BRAVASN19E185N37W74.00-7CALM, NE-NEBNPM MODERATE, AM FRESH BREEZESPM CLOUDY, AM HAZY0000000119617
1775-01-25T14:007.10-27.82636.7BRAVASN26E165N25W89.00-5NE, ENEMODERATE BREEZESHAZY0000000119618
1775-01-26T14:008.28-28.37626.7BRAVASN33E150N25W77.00-6NE, ENEMODERATE BREEZESHAZY0000000119619
1775-01-27T14:009.43-29.10629.3BRAVASN44E141N32W81.00-6NE, ENEPM MODERATE BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZESPM HAZY, AM CLOUDY0000000119620
1775-01-28T14:0010.80-29.70629.3BRAVASN56E132N23W90.00-6NE, ENEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119621
1775-01-29T14:0012.10-30.67629.3BRAVASN69E136N36W97.00-6NNE, NE, ENEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119622
1775-01-30T14:0013.15-31.04619.3CORVON2W533N29W72.00-7ENEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119623
1775-01-31T14:0014.60-31.62619.3CORVON504N22W94.00-7NEBE, ENEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119624
1775-02-01T14:0016.50-32.25729.3CORVON1E466N18W120.00-7ENE, EBNFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119625
1775-02-02T14:0018.07-32.55739.3CORVON1E435N11W96.00-6EBN, VARIABLE, EBNFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119626
1775-02-03T14:0019.78-32.401056.7CORVON1E400N5E103.00-8ESE, SE, ESEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119627
1775-02-04T14:0021.50-32.251506.7CORVON366N5E103.00-8SE, SSE, VARIABLE, SSEMODERATE BREEZESSMALL RAIN AT TIMESPM FAIR, AM VARIABLE0100000119628
1775-02-05T14:0023.23-32.141036.7CORVON331N4E104.00-10SEBS, ESEMODERATE BREEZESHAZY0000000119629
1775-02-06T14:0024.72-32.071146.7CORVON302N3E89.00-10SEBEMODERATE BREEZESA GREAT SWELLHAZY0000000119630
1775-02-07T14:0026.15-31.991036.7CORVON273N3E86.00-10SSE, ESEMODERATE BREEZESSWELL FROM THE NNWHAZY0000000119631
1775-02-08T14:0028.12-32.111016.7CORVON234N2E118.00-12SEBE, ESEAM MODERATE BREEZES, PM FRESH BREEZESHAZY0000000119632
1775-02-09T14:0030.45-31.991129.3CORVONW187N8E141.00-12SEBEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119633
1775-02-10T14:0032.22-31.411129.3CORVON5W152N19E112.00-12SEBE, ESE, SEBEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119634
1775-02-11T14:0033.20-31.22996.7CORVON8W134N18E62.00-14SEBE, ESE, S, ESE, E, ESEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119635
1775-02-12T14:0034.10-31.041102.6CORVON13W117N19E44.00-14ESE, SE, SEBELIGHT WINDSCLOUDY0000000119636
1775-02-13T14:0035.07-30.782002.6ST MICHAELSN62E127N16E61.00-14SEBE, SSE, SWBSLIGHT WINDSCLOUDY0000000119637
1775-02-14T14:0036.45-30.362006.7ST MICHAELSN73E106N20E89.00-14SSW, SWBSMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119638
1775-02-15T14:0038.55-29.572099.3CORVON23E37N21E125.00-16SWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000119639
1775-02-16T14:0040.80-28.3132219.0LIZARDN58E346N27E152.00-16NBS, NW, NNWFRESH GALESCLOUDY0000000119640
1775-02-17T14:0041.78-26.962986.7LIZARDN58E315N50E92.00-17NNW, NWPM FRESH BREEZES, AM MODERATEGREAT SWELL FROM NWPM CLOUDY, AM FAIR0000000119641
1775-02-18T14:0043.03-25.062289.3LIZARDN59E276N51E120.00-20WSWPM MODERATE BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZES0000000119642
1775-02-19T13:0045.25-21.8120419.0LIZARDN62E210N46E192.00-21WSW, SWBW, SWPM MODERATE BREEZES AND SQUALLY, 2AM FRESH GALES0000000119643
1775-02-20T13:0046.88-19.572946.7LIZARDN67E160N67E150.00-21SWBW, NW, WSW, NWPM FRESH GALES, AMD MORE MODERATESMALL RAINHAZY0100000119644
1775-02-21T13:0047.57-18.532252.6LIZARDN70E143N50E66.00-23NW, NNW, WSWPM FRESH BREEZES, AM LITTLE WIND0000000119645
1775-02-22T13:0049.07-16.5018019.0LIZARDN80E106N46E128.00-23SW, WSW, SSWPM MODERATE BREEZES, AM FRESH GALESPM FAIR, AM HAZY0000000119646
1775-02-23T13:0049.50-11.9622619.0LIZARDN78E43N82E188.00-22SWBW, WSWFRESH GALESHAZY0000000119647
1775-02-24T13:0049.73-9.5720319.0LIZARDN60E10N82E101.00-22NW, W, SSW, SWFIRST LIGHT AIRS, MIDDLE FRESH BREEZES, LATTER FRESH GALES0000000119648
1775-02-25T13:0049.63-8.182719.3LIZARDN85E82N84E59.00-22SW, SWBS, WSW, W, WNWFIRST AND MID HARD GALES AND SQUALLY, 8 FRESH BREEZESGREAT SEA FROM SW0000000119649
1775-02-26T13:0049.92-7.533616.7LIZARDN89E77N60E37.00-22SBW, CALM, N, NNE, E, CALMFIRST LIGHT WIND, 11 SQUALLY, 12 STRONG GALES, THEN MORE MODERATESWELL FORM SWFIRST CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR0000000119650
1775-02-27T12:0049.43-7.383612.6LIZARDN82E68N25E32.00-22SBW, CALM, N, NE, E, CALMFRESH GALES, THEN LIGHT WINDFAIR THEN HAZY0000000119651
1775-02-28T12:0049.33-6.002142.6LIZARDN75E49S81E64.00-22SW, WSW, SWBW,LIGHT WINDSCLOUDY0000000119652