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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during HELDIN cruise from St. Helena to Hellevoetsluis started at 1836-04-14 [dataset]. Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands, Den Haag, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.749561, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 18.095849 * Median Longitude: -24.208679 * South-bound Latitude: -14.700000 * West-bound Longitude: -38.230000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.810000 * East-bound Longitude: 4.080000
Date/Time Start: 1836-04-16T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1836-06-09T12:00:00
Event(s):
Heldin_18360414_MAR_D23905_2021 * Latitude Start: -15.890000 * Longitude Start: -5.750000 * Latitude End: 51.940000 * Longitude End: 3.720000 * Date/Time Start: 1836-04-16T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1836-06-09T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Heldin (Korvet), Voyage: St Helena - Hellevoetsluis, 1st Observer: J.G. Huijs (Ktz), Company: MAR
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11 CommentCommentLife on board
12 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
13 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
14 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
15 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
16 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
17 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
18 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
19 Present weatherwwWeather description
20 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
21 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
22 Cloud typeCloud type
23 ClearnessClearness
24 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
25 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
26 FogFog1 If fog was reported
27 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
28 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
29 HailHail1 If hail was reported
30 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
31 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1180 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
10 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
11 
Comment
(Life on board)
12 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
13 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
14 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
15 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
16 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
17 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
18 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
19 
ww
(Weather description)
20 
Precip descr
21 
State sea descr
22 
Cloud type
23 
Clearness
24 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
25 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
26 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
27 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
28 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
29 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
30 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
31 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1836-04-16T12:00-14.70-7.221132.61012.325.6VM8NW 1/3 W26.00-2278.0029.89ZOONGESTADIGE KOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000108878
1836-04-17T13:00-13.48-9.061151.01011.926.7VM8NW 3/4 W32.00-2080.0029.88ZOFLAUWE KOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108879
1836-04-18T13:00-12.27-10.751042.61011.626.7VM8NWTW31.00-2080.0029.87ZO-ZOTOFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000108880
1836-04-19T13:00-10.91-12.391041.01010.626.7VM8NW 1/2 W32.00-2080.0029.84ZO-ZOTOONGESTADIGE FLAUWE KOELTEBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000108881
1836-04-20T13:00-9.65-14.341174.61010.626.7VM8NW 7/8 W33.50-1880.0029.84OZO-ZOONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000108882
1836-04-21T13:00-8.00-16.101171.0VM8NW 1/8 W34.75-18ZOFLAUWE EN AANNEMENDE KOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108883
1836-04-22T13:00-5.99-17.971204.6VM8NW 1/4 N42.00-15ZOBRAMZEILSKOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108884
1836-04-23T13:00-4.30-19.58752.61010.928.3VM8NW 1/8 N34.50-1583.0029.85ZO-OONGESTADIGE KOELTEBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000108885
1836-04-24T13:00-3.08-21.00752.61009.528.3VM8NW 2/3 N22.25-1583.0029.81OZO-OFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000108886
1836-04-25T13:00-2.68-21.472552.61010.226.7VM8NNW 1/8 W7.75-1580.0029.83ZZO-WONGESTADIGE KOELTE EN STILBUIIGE LUCHTMET REGENOPKLARENDE LUCHT1100000108887
1836-04-26T13:00-1.45-21.943554.61010.626.1VM8NNW19.50-1679.0029.84ONO-NTOONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN AFNEMENDE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET EEN WEINIG REGENDIKKE LUCHT1100000108888
1836-04-27T13:00-1.42-21.6171.01011.228.3VM8NTW 3/4 W11.00-1683.0029.86NNOFLAUW EN STILBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000108889
1836-04-28T13:00-0.55-21.691301.01010.627.8VM8NNW12.00-1682.0029.84ZO-ZOTZFLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000108890
1836-04-29T13:000.28-22.491191.01011.228.3VM8NW15.00-1683.0029.86ZOFLAUWE KOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000108891
1836-04-30T14:001.03-23.43211.01011.228.3VM8NW 1/4 N12.25-1383.0029.86ONO-NOTNONGESTADIGE FLAUWE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHT1000000108892
1836-05-01T14:001.45-23.77324.61011.227.8VM8N 1/2 W7.50-1382.0029.86ZO-NOSTIL EN FLAUW AANNEMENDE TOT BRAMZEILSKOELTEREGENOPKLARENDE LUCHTDIKKE LUCHT0100000108893
1836-05-02T14:002.34-24.43771.01011.227.8VM8NTW 1/3 W6.75-1382.0029.86ONO-OFLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000108894
1836-05-03T14:002.78-24.52310.01010.926.7VM8NTW 1/2 W6.75-1480.0029.85N-NOSTIL-BRAMZEILSKOELTE-STILZWARE REGENHOGE DEININGBETROKKEN LUCHTDIKKE LUCHT0100000108895
1836-05-04T14:003.93-25.490.01011.228.3VM8NTW7.50-1483.0029.86STILBUIIGE LUCHTBEWOLKTE EN OPKLARENDE LUCHT1000000108896
1836-05-05T14:004.10-25.643621.01011.226.7VM8NW 1/2 N2.00-1480.0029.86RONDLOPENDFLAUW EN AFWISSELENDE KOELTEREGENBETROKKEN LUCHT0100000108897
1836-05-06T14:005.05-26.183462.61010.927.2VM8NW 1/8 W13.00-1481.0029.85NNO-NFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000108898
1836-05-07T14:005.90-27.89112.61011.626.7VM8NW 3/4 W32.00-1280.0029.87NO-NNOONGESTADIGE KOELTEBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000108899
1836-05-08T14:007.50-29.23432.61012.326.1VM8NNW 2/3 W35.00-1379.0029.89NOTN-NOTOFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBETROKKEN EN OPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000108900
1836-05-09T14:009.22-31.294312.31012.926.1VM8NW 1/8 N45.50-1379.0029.91NNO-NOTOSTIJVE KOELTEBETROKKEN LUCHTHEIIGE LUCHT0000000108901
1836-05-10T14:0011.20-32.74464.91014.025.0VM8NNW 2/3 W41.00-1077.0029.94NO-NOTOFRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHTHEIIGE LUCHT0000000108902
1836-05-11T14:0013.28-34.27572.01014.024.4VM8NNW 1/3 W43.25-1176.0029.94NO-ONOONGESTADIGE AFNEMENDE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTBETROKKEN LUCHT1000000108903
1836-05-12T14:0015.35-35.68574.61014.326.1VM8NNW 1/2 W41.50-1179.0029.95NO-ONOBRAMZEILSKOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108904
1836-05-13T14:0017.65-36.53431.01014.623.3VM8IN ARREST WEGENS INSURBORDINATIE DE MATROOS 2E KLAS J.L. HIMMELMANNTW35.50-1374.0029.96ONO-NOTOONGESTADIGE EN FLAUWE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTBETROKKEN LUCHT1000000108905
1836-05-14T14:0019.97-36.89664.61015.624.4VM8N 1/4 W36.00-1376.0029.99NOTO-OTNBRAMZEILSKOELTE EN MINDERE KOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108906
1836-05-15T15:0022.00-37.54551.01015.323.3VM8N 7/8 W33.00-1374.0029.98OTN-ONOFLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000108907
1836-05-16T15:0023.32-38.09661.01015.023.9VM8NTW 1/2 W20.00-1375.0029.97ONO-OTNFLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000108908
1836-05-17T15:0024.55-38.231001.01015.623.9VM8N14.25-1375.0029.99O-OZOFLAUWE KOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000108909
1836-05-18T15:0025.62-37.821451.01015.324.4VM8NNO16.50-1376.0029.98ZO-ZZOFLAUWE KOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108910
1836-05-19T15:0026.70-37.541431.01014.623.3VM8NNO13.25-1574.0029.96ONO-ZZOFLAUWE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET REGENBEWOLKTE EN OPKLARENDE LUCHT1100000108911
1836-05-20T14:0028.37-36.702192.61008.922.8VM8NNO27.50-1773.0029.79ZZW-ZWTWONGESTADIEG FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET REGENDIKKE LUCHT1100000108912
1836-05-21T14:0030.78-35.582422.61010.922.8VM8FUSELIER J. DOUSELAIR OVERLEDENNNO39.25-1773.0029.85WZW-WTZONGESTADIGE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET REGENOPKLARENDE LUCHT1100000108913
1836-05-22T14:0033.62-34.152286.720.6VM8NNO 1/8 O45.50-2069.00W-WZWMARSZEILSKOELTE EN AFNEMENDE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTBETROKKEN EN OPKLARENDE LUCHT1000000108914
1836-05-23T14:0035.03-33.272731.0998.420.6VM8NNO 1/4 O23.00-2069.0029.48ZO-WNWFLAUWE ONGESTADIGE KOELTEREGENHOGE DEININGBETROKKEN EN OPKLARENDE LUCHT0100000108915
1836-05-24T14:0035.85-32.6432.61002.420.0VM8NNO 2/3 O11.00-2068.0029.60NW-NNOONGESTADIGE FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108916
1836-05-25T14:0035.90-30.493282.61008.920.6VM8O 1/8 N26.25-2169.0029.79N-NTWONGESTADIGE KOELTEOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000108917
1836-05-26T14:0037.04-28.522836.71011.620.0VM8NO 7/8 O31.50-2168.0029.87NWTN-NWTWSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE MET VLAGENBUIIGE LUCHTOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT1000000108918
1836-05-27T14:0039.32-26.292692.61004.520.0VM8FUSELIER D.D.F. LANQUE OVERLEDEN.NO13.00-2468.0029.66WTN-WNWONGESTADIGE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT1000000108919
1836-05-28T14:0041.34-23.731004.61002.120.0VM8NO IETS N41.50-2468.0029.59Z-ZOTOBRAMZEILSKOELTE EN AANNEMENDE KOELTEREGENDIKKE LUCHT0100000108920
1836-05-29T13:0043.92-21.41862.61008.518.9VM8NOTN47.00-2766.0029.78ZO-OZOONGESTADIGE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET REGENOPKLARENDE LUCHTDIKKE LUCHT1100000108921
1836-05-30T13:0046.07-20.601089.31010.617.8VM8NNO 3/4 O31.00-2764.0029.84ZOTO-ZOONGESTADIGE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTOPKLARENDE LUCHT1000000108922
1836-05-31T13:0047.57-19.87602.01008.516.7VM8NTO17.75-3062.0029.78ZO-OAFNEMENDE KOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108923
1836-06-01T13:0049.35-19.17839.3996.716.7VM8NTO 1/8 O23.25-3062.0029.43O-OZOONGESTADIGE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT1000000108924
1836-06-02T13:0050.00-19.25152.0980.815.6VM8N 1/4 W8.50-3060.0028.96OTZ-NOAFNEMENDE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET REGENBETROKKEN LUCHT1100000108925
1836-06-03T13:0049.67-15.922304.6990.215.6VM8O 7/8 Z32.00-2960.0029.24W-WTZBRAMZEILSKOELTE EN MINDERE KOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108926
1836-06-04T13:0049.53-11.852661.0VM8FUSELIER J.B.E.H. CHAMPON OVERLEDEN.O35.50-27WTN-WNWONGESTADIGE FLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000108927
1836-06-05T13:0049.32-8.082432.61012.616.7VM8IN ARREST WEGENS DRONKENSCHAP EN BRUTALITEIT DE MARINIER 3E KLAS W.F. MENTINKO 1/8 Z W/Z Z36.00-2762.0029.90WFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000108928
1836-06-06T12:0049.85-4.812231.01013.616.1VM8ONO 1/3 O33.50-2561.0029.93ZW-WZWFLAUWE KOELTEHEIIGE LUCHT0000000108929
1836-06-09T12:0051.814.081-210000000108930