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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during HELDIN cruise from Batavia to St. Helena started at 1836-02-06 [dataset]. Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands, Den Haag, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.749559, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -22.566034 * Median Longitude: 54.080345 * South-bound Latitude: -36.880000 * West-bound Longitude: -5.290000 * North-bound Latitude: -6.370000 * East-bound Longitude: 104.580000
Date/Time Start: 1836-02-09T05:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1836-04-07T00:00:00
Event(s):
Heldin_18360206_MAR_D23905_2021 * Latitude Start: -6.100000 * Longitude Start: 106.860000 * Latitude End: -15.890000 * Longitude End: -5.750000 * Date/Time Start: 1836-02-09T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1836-04-07T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Heldin (Korvet), Voyage: Batavia - St Helena, 1st Observer: J.G. Huijs (Ktz), Company: MAR
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
11 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
12 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
13 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
14 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
15 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
16 CommentCommentLife on board
17 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
18 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
19 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
20 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
21 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
22 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
23 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
24 Present weatherwwWeather description
25 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
26 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
27 Cloud typeCloud type
28 ClearnessClearness
29 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
30 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
31 FogFog1 If fog was reported
32 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
33 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
34 HailHail1 If hail was reported
35 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
36 CommentComment
37 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1332 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
11 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
12 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
13 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
14 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
15 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
16 
Comment
(Life on board)
17 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
18 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
19 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
20 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
21 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
22 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
23 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
24 
ww
(Weather description)
25 
Precip descr
26 
State sea descr
27 
Cloud type
28 
Clearness
29 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
30 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
31 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
32 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
33 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
34 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
35 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
36 
Comment
37 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1836-02-09T05:00-6.37104.581591.01008.527.8VM8182.0029.78N-ZZOFLAUWE ONGESTADIGE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET REGEN1100000108819
1836-02-10T05:00-6.77103.761361.01008.228.3VM8IN ARREST WEGEN ONGEREGELDHEID DE MARINIER V3E KLAS W.F. MENTINK. IN DE BOEIEN DE PROVOOST A.J. LE GRAND WEGENS INSUBORDINATIE.ZW 1/4 W8.75183.0029.77ZOFLAUWE KOELTEGOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000108820
1836-02-11T05:00-7.63102.631801.01008.527.8VM8ZW 1/3 W17.00082.0029.78ZZO-ZFLAUWE KOELTEGOED WEEROPKLARENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000108821
1836-02-12T05:00-7.63102.04450.01008.528.9VM8MILITAIR D.J. DELANOY OVERLEDEN.WZW 3/4 W4.25084.0029.78NOSTIL EN FLAUWGOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000108822
1836-02-13T05:00-7.67102.193600.01009.928.9VM8Z0.50084.0029.82NSTIL EN FLAUWGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000108823
1836-02-14T05:00-7.97102.183151.01010.228.9VM8TEN 4H30 OVERLEED DEN KORPORAAL DER INFANTERIE A. GERRITSEN. TEN 8 UUR OVERLEED DEN MATROOS 3E KLASSE J. HEUNING.ZZW4.25084.0029.83NWFLAUWE KOELTEGOED WEER0000000108824
1836-02-15T05:00-8.37102.201581.01008.529.4VM8ZTW5.00085.0029.78ZO-ZZOFLAUWE ONGESTADIGE KOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108825
1836-02-16T05:00-8.65102.012251.0VM8IN ARREST DE MILITAIR VAN DER HEIDEN WEGENS INSUBORDINATIE.ZZW 3/4 W4.250Z-ZWFLAUW EN STILBUIIGE LUCHT, GOED WEER1000000108826
1836-02-17T05:00-9.36101.672251.01008.928.9VM8ZZW11.25084.0029.79ZO-ZWFLAUWE EN ONGESTADIGE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET REGENBETROKKEN LUCHT1100000108827
1836-02-18T05:00-10.38100.811352.61009.228.9VM8MILITAIR L. DELSALLE OVERLEDEN.ZW 7/8 Z19.50084.0029.80OZO-ZOFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN ONGESTADIGE KOELTEGOED WEER, BUIIGE LUCHTOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT1000000108828
1836-02-19T05:00-11.0498.401012.61010.629.4KOKOS EILANDEN, NOORDELIJKSTE DER (GIS)WZW 1/2 W36VM8WZW 2/3 W33.75085.0029.84OZO-OTZONGESTADIGE KOELTEOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000108829
1836-02-20T06:00-11.4196.15902.61010.627.8KOKOS EILANDEN, DE NOORDELIJKSTE DER (GIS)ZWTW 1/2 W10VM8IN ARREST WEGENS ONGEREGELDHEDEN DE OPPERSCHIPPER W. DAMMING EN BOTTELIER H. HEEFELMEYER.WTZ28.75082.0029.84OZO-OONGESTADIGE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET REGENOPKLARENDE LUCHT1100000108830
1836-02-21T06:00-12.1794.301462.61010.228.3VM8KONSTABELMAAT J. JANSEN IN DE BOEIEN.ZWTW 1/2 W25.00083.0029.83ZO-ZOTZONGESTADIGE KOELTEBEWOLKTE EN OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108831
1836-02-22T06:00-13.9292.251112.61010.228.3VM8ZW34.50-283.0029.83O-OZOONGESTADIGE KOELTEGOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000108832
1836-02-23T06:00-15.3589.781111.01010.926.7VM8ZW 3/4 W-280.0029.85ZO-OZOFLAUWE ONGESTADIGE KOELTEEEN WEINIG REGENBETROKKEN LUCHT0100000108833
1836-02-24T06:00-16.1887.481322.61010.626.9VM8ZWTW 7/8 W34.00-380.5029.84ZOFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000108834
1836-02-25T06:00-16.8285.78871.01008.927.2VM8WZW25.50-381.0029.79ZO-OFLAUWE KOELTEGOED WEER0000000108835
1836-02-26T06:00-17.5184.181101.01009.527.2VM8WZW20.50-381.0029.81ZZO-OZOFLAUWE KOELTEGOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000108836
1836-02-27T07:00-18.4681.801291.01009.927.2VM8WZW37.00-681.0029.82ZOFRISSE KOELTEGOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000108837
1836-02-28T07:00-19.4078.791072.61009.927.2VM8WZW45.75-681.0029.82ZO-OZOONGESTADIGE KOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000108838
1836-02-29T07:00-20.4476.231072.61009.528.3VM8WZW41.50-683.0029.81ZO-OZOONGESTADIGE KOELTEBETROKKEN LUCHTHEIIGE LUCHT0000000108839
1836-03-01T07:00-21.4673.211074.6VM8WZW45.00-6ZZO-OZOBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000108840
1836-03-02T07:00-22.5670.231272.91008.927.2VM8WZW43.50-881.0029.79ZOAANNEMENDE KOELTEGOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000108841
1836-03-03T08:00-23.3966.891466.71009.228.3VM8WZW47.75-1283.0029.80ZZOMARSZEILSKOELTE EN MEERDERE KOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108842
1836-03-04T08:00-24.9763.641469.31010.927.8VM8ZWTW 1/2 W51.50-1282.0029.85ZZOONGESTADIGE STIJVE MARSZEILSKOELTEBUIENREGEN1100000108843
1836-03-05T08:00-26.0859.88996.71010.627.2VM8WZW 1/4 W51.00-1481.0029.84ZZO-OZOONGESTADIGE MARSZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERAFNEMENDE ZEEOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000108844
1836-03-06T08:00-26.6356.591192.61005.527.8VM8IN ARREST WEGENS BRUTALITEIT DE MATROZEN 1E KLAS J.D. BLOKHUYS EN B. THOMPSON.WZW 7/8 W49.00-1682.0029.69OZO-ZOONGESTADIGE KOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000108845
1836-03-07T08:00-27.0353.67851.01005.527.8VM8IN ARREST WEGENS BRUTALITEIT DE MILITAIR VERHEIDEN.WTZ39.25-1682.0029.69O-OTZONGESTADIGE FLAUWE KOELTEGOED WEEROPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000108846
1836-03-08T09:00-26.6851.781859.31004.825.0VM8WTN24.25-1877.0029.67ZTW-ZZWONGESTADIGE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEGOED WEEROPHELDERENDE LUCHT0000000108847
1836-03-09T09:00-25.9550.211621.01009.225.0VM8NWTW 1/2 W23.75-1877.0029.80ZZW-ZFLAUWE ONGESTADIGE KOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000108848
1836-03-10T09:00-26.7048.26952.91011.625.0VM8ZWTW 3/4 W28.00-1877.0029.87ZO-OZOAANNEMENDE KOELTEGOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000108849
1836-03-11T09:00-27.5745.26224.61010.927.2VM8WZW 1/3 W42.00-2381.0029.85ONO-NOBRAMZEILSKOELTE EN AFNEMENDE KOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000108850
1836-03-12T09:00-28.3243.931572.61013.325.6VM8ZWTW 1/8 W20.75-2378.0029.92ZZO-ZONGESTADIGE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTBETROKKEN LUCHT1000000108851
1836-03-13T09:00-28.6540.881664.61018.725.6VM8WTZ 1/8 W36.50-2578.0030.08Z-ZTWONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000108852
1836-03-14T09:00-29.2538.311211.01017.323.9VM8IN ARREST DE BOTTELIER H. HEEFELMEYER.WZW 3/4 W33.50-2575.0030.04ZO-ZOTZONGESTADIGE FLAUWE KOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE DAARNA BETROKKEN LUCHT0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation108853
1836-03-15T10:00-30.0836.123574.61013.625.6VM8ZWTW 1/2 W33.50-2678.0029.93NOTO-NNOBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000108854
1836-03-16T10:00-31.2734.432892.61014.325.6VM8ZWTW 1/2 W40.00-2678.0029.95NNW-NWFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000108855
1836-03-17T10:00-31.6832.593574.61015.325.6VM8WZW 2/3 W24.75-2678.0029.98N-NNOFLAUWEAANNEMENDE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEER0000000108856
1836-03-18T10:00-33.7429.812861.01011.626.7VM8ZW 2/3 W50.25-2980.0029.87NNO-NWONGESTADIGE AFNEMENDE TOT FLAUWE KOELTE0000000108857
1836-03-19T10:00-34.1427.951061.01013.626.1VM8WZW 1/2 W19.00-2979.0029.93ZZO-ZOFLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000108858
1836-03-20T10:00-35.2525.293312.61009.525.6VM8ZW 1/4 W24.25-2978.0029.81NONGESTADIGE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000108859
1836-03-21T11:00-34.8322.291966.71007.522.2VM8WNW 3/8 N21.75-2972.0029.75WZW-ZWONGESTADIGE STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIIGE LUCHT1000000108860
1836-03-22T11:00-34.7322.272192.01009.521.1VM8WNW 1/8 W3.75-2970.0029.81W-WZWONGESTADIGE AFNEMENDE KOELTEOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000108861
1836-03-23T11:00-35.8222.252419.31007.522.8VM8Z 1/8 W20.75-2973.0029.75WNW-WONGESTADIGE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE EN ONDERZEILSKOELTEBEWOLKTE EN OVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108862
1836-03-24T10:00-35.8222.7224119.01012.919.4VM8ZZO 7/8 O9.50-2967.0029.91WZW-WONGESTADIGE ONDERZEILSKOELTE EN DICHTGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE0000000108863
1836-03-25T11:00-36.8821.221512.61018.420.0VM8NTW 3/4 W9.75-2968.0030.07ZW-ZAFNEMENDE TOT FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEEROPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000108864
1836-03-26T11:00-35.8220.24841.01013.620.0VM8IN DE BOEIEN GESLOTEN WEGENS TEGEN GEGEVEN ORDERS IN GEHANDELD TE HEBBEN DE KONSTABELSMAAT J. JANZEN. KOMT IN DE BOEIEN WEGENS VERREGAANDE INSURBORDINATIE DE MARINIER 3E KLAS J. DE VRIES.NWTN20.00-2968.0029.93Z-OZOFLAUWE EN ONGESTAIGE KOELTEGOED WEER0000000108865
1836-03-27T11:00-34.4517.871066.71011.621.1VM8WTN6.25-2970.0029.87OZO-ZOSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN AANNEMENDE KOELTE0000000108866
1836-03-28T11:00-33.0314.742081.01012.921.1VM8KLEDERMAKER J. VAN VELTHOVEN OVERLEDEN.NWTW 2/3 W45.00-2870.0029.91ZW-ZWTWFLAUWE ONGESTAIGE KOELTEOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000108867
1836-03-29T11:00-31.5713.281751.01018.021.7VM8NW26.50-2871.0030.06Z-ZZWFLAUW EN STILOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000108868
1836-03-30T11:00-29.5310.83976.71018.421.7VM8NW42.50-2771.0030.07ZO-ZOTOSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN MARSZEILSKOELTEBETROKKEN EN OPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000108869
1836-03-31T11:00-27.608.281084.91014.622.2VM8NW43.75-2772.0029.96ZOFRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000108870
1836-04-01T12:00-25.666.971104.61012.322.8VM8NW42.50-2573.0029.89ZOBRAMZEILSKOELTE EN FLAUWE KOELTEOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000108871
1836-04-02T12:00-23.603.651106.71012.323.3VM8NW45.75-2574.0029.89ZOTO-ZOONGESTADIGE STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108872
1836-04-03T12:00-21.471.211122.61014.024.4VM8NW 1/8 N47.50-2376.0029.94OZO-ZOONGESTADIGE KOELTEBUIIGEMET EEN WEINIG REGENOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT1100000108873
1836-04-04T12:00-19.26-0.83672.61013.625.0VM8NWN 1/4 W42.50-2377.0029.93ZO-OONGESTADIGE KOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000108874
1836-04-05T12:00-17.65-3.181024.61014.324.4VM8NW 7/8 W42.75-2276.0029.95ZOTOBRAMZEILSKOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000108875
1836-04-06T12:00-16.21-5.29464.61014.024.4ST HELENA, NO-HOEKNWTWST HELENA, ZW-HOEKWTN 1/2 NVM8NW 3/4 W38.50-2276.0029.94ZO-ONOONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000108876
1836-04-07T00:0010000000108877