García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during GLASGOW cruise from Spithead to Halifax started at 1766-10-10 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.749423, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 45.809750 * Median Longitude: -41.027250 * South-bound Latitude: 40.850000 * West-bound Longitude: -63.000000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.200000 * East-bound Longitude: -9.250000
Date/Time Start: 1766-10-10T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1766-11-18T16:00:00
Event(s):
Glasgow_17661010_NMM_ADM/L/G35 * Latitude Start: 50.680000 * Longitude Start: -0.960000 * Latitude End: 43.400000 * Longitude End: -63.030000 * Date/Time Start: 1766-10-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1766-11-18T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Glasgow (6th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Spithead - Halifax, 1st Observer: Nicholas Vincent (Captain), 2nd Observer: George Dumaresy (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 20G 430BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 14 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 17 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 18 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 19 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 20 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 21 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 22 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 23 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 24 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 25 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
751 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 14 ww (Weather description) | 15 Precip descr | 16 State sea descr | 17 Clearness | 18 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 19 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 20 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 21 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 22 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 23 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 24 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 25 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1766-10-10T13:00 | 48.52 | -9.25 | 69 | 19.0 | START | N67:30E | 80 | S68W | 213.00 | -21 | E | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101381 | ||||
| 1766-10-11T13:00 | 47.88 | -13.88 | 260 | 22.6 | START | N72E | 142 | W | 190.00 | -21 | W, WBN | STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101382 | ||||
| 1766-10-12T13:00 | 47.35 | -16.73 | 82 | 1.0 | START | N73E | 182 | S76W | 131.00 | -19 | EBN, EBS | FIRST GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT AIRS | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101383 | |||
| 1766-10-13T13:00 | 47.85 | -19.21 | 204 | 9.3 | START | N78E | 210 | N73W | 100.00 | -21 | SSE, SWBW, SW | FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, MID AND LATTER FRESH BREEZES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101384 | |||
| 1766-10-14T13:00 | 47.95 | -20.50 | 339 | 9.3 | START | N79E | 226 | N83W | 52.00 | -21 | WSW, EBS, N | FIRST AND LATTER FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY, MIDDLE LIGHT AIRS | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101385 | |||
| 1766-10-15T14:00 | 47.38 | -24.58 | 263 | 6.7 | START | N79E | 282 | S78W | 169.00 | -18 | WBN | FIRST AND MID FRESH BREEZES, LATTER MODERATE | FIRST AND MID CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101386 | |||
| 1766-10-16T14:00 | 47.73 | -26.06 | 204 | 9.3 | START | N81E | 300 | N71W | 64.00 | -21 | NBE, WBS, SW | FIRST AND MID MODERATE, LATTER FRESH BREEZES | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101387 | |||
| 1766-10-17T14:00 | 48.18 | -28.75 | 193 | 19.0 | START | N83E | 323 | N76W | 111.00 | -21 | SW, WSW, SWBS | FIRST AND LATTER FRESH GALES, MIDDLE MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101388 | |||
| 1766-10-18T14:00 | 48.42 | -30.20 | 227 | 19.0 | START | N85E | 355 | N76W | 60.00 | -21 | SW, CALM, E, WSW | FIRST AND LATTER FRESH GALES, MIDDLE MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101389 | |||
| 1766-10-19T14:00 | 48.60 | -31.60 | 69 | 19.0 | START | N85E | 363 | N78W | 57.00 | -21 | WSW, VARIABLE, WBS, E | FIRST AND MIDDLE FRESH BREEZES, LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101390 | ||||
| 1766-10-20T14:00 | 47.85 | -33.91 | 204 | 6.7 | START | N83:30E | 400 | S64W | 103.00 | -21 | NNE, NNW, CALM, SWBS, SW | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MID AND LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART HAZY, MID AND LATTER FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101391 | |||
| 1766-10-21T14:00 | 48.68 | -36.41 | 249 | 19.0 | START | N86E | 429 | N63W | 111.00 | -21 | SSW, WBN, NW, W | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101392 | ||||
| 1766-10-22T15:00 | 49.20 | -38.25 | 338 | 19.0 | START | N87:39E | 447 | N67W | 78.00 | -22 | W, VARIABLE, N | FIRST AND LATTER FRESH GALES, MIDDLE MODERATE | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101393 | |||
| 1766-10-23T15:00 | 47.80 | -41.01 | 158 | 19.0 | START | N84E | 494 | S53W | 139.00 | -22 | NNW, VARIABLE, EBN, S | FIRST AND LATTER FRESH GALES | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101394 | |||
| 1766-10-24T15:00 | 47.90 | -42.13 | 214 | 19.0 | START | N85E | 509 | N82W | 45.00 | -22 | SBE, S, SWBS, SW, SWBW | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101395 | ||||
| 1766-10-25T15:00 | 47.83 | -40.20 | 203 | 19.0 | START | N84:35E | 434 | S87E | 71.00 | -22 | WBS, SWBW, SW | FIRST PART STRONG GALES, MIDDLE AND ALTTER FRESH GALES WITH VERY HARD SQUALLS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101396 | ||||
| 1766-10-26T15:00 | 48.17 | -39.00 | 226 | 22.6 | START | N85E | 466 | N68E | 46.00 | -22 | SWBS, SW, WSW | FRESH GALES, 5 STRONG GALES | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101397 | |||
| 1766-10-27T15:00 | 47.23 | -37.90 | 298 | 19.0 | START | N82:34E | 456 | S39E | 72.00 | -17 | NW | FIRST PART STRONG GALES WITH HARD SQUALLS, MIDDLE MORE MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES | LARGE SEA FROM THE NNW | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101398 | |||
| 1766-10-28T15:00 | 46.98 | -38.00 | 219 | 6.7 | START | N83E | 459 | S14W | 15.00 | -17 | NWBN, VARIABLE, WSW, SWBW | FIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER STRONG GALES, NOON MORE MODERATE | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101399 | ||
| 1766-10-29T15:00 | 45.85 | -39.20 | 298 | 6.7 | START | N75:51E | 478 | S36W | 84.00 | -17 | WNW, NWBN, NW, NWBW, WNW, NW | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101400 | |||
| 1766-10-30T15:00 | 44.55 | -42.20 | 96 | START | N77:59E | 535 | S59W | 152.00 | -17 | SWBS, NNE, E, EBN, ESE | FIRST AND MIDDLE MODERATE | FIRST AND MIDDLE CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101401 | ||||
| 1766-10-31T15:00 | 43.63 | -43.91 | 208 | 22.6 | START | N76:44E | 565 | S53W | 91.00 | -17 | SEBE, SSE, CALM, WSW, SW | FIRST AND MIDDLE FRESH BREEZES, LATTER STRONG GALES WITH HARD SQUALLS | LIGHTNING FROM THE NW | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 101402 | |||
| 1766-11-01T15:00 | 42.28 | -44.66 | 326 | 6.7 | START | N74:39E | 592 | S22W | 87.00 | -12 | N, NNW | FIRST PART HARD, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101403 | |||
| 1766-11-02T15:00 | 41.38 | -45.36 | 303 | START | N73:16E | 607 | S30W | 62.00 | -12 | SSW, W, WNW, NWBW, NW | FIRST AND MID MODERATE LATTER SQUALLY | FIRST AND MID FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101404 | ||||
| 1766-11-03T15:00 | 40.92 | -46.50 | 337 | 6.7 | START | N72:52E | 626 | S61W | 58.00 | -12 | NNW, NWBN, NW, NWBN, NW, NBW | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101405 | |||
| 1766-11-04T15:00 | 41.72 | -48.53 | 349 | 19.0 | START | N74:55E | 646 | N63W | 103.00 | -11 | CALM, WSW, SBW, VARIABLE, N | FIRST PART CALM, MID FRESH BREEZES, LATTER FRESH GALES | LIGHTNING TO NW | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 101406 | |||
| 1766-11-05T15:00 | 40.85 | -48.12 | 158 | 22.6 | START | N73:27E | 639 | S15E | 53.00 | -11 | NWBN, WBS, SBE | FIRST PART HARD GALES AND SQUALLY, MIDDLE AND LATTER STRONG GALES | LIGHTNING TO THE SE | SHOWERS OF HAIL | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 101407 | ||
| 1766-11-06T15:00 | 41.10 | -48.85 | 248 | 19.0 | START | N74:08E | 659 | N69W | 41.00 | -11 | WSW, SWBS, WSW, WBS | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | LARGE SWELL FORM THE NW | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101408 | |||
| 1766-11-07T15:00 | 42.72 | -50.83 | 288 | 19.0 | START | N77:15E | 670 | N44W | 134.00 | -16 | WSW, SW, WSW, NWBW | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101409 | ||||
| 1766-11-08T15:00 | 45.82 | -50.53 | 310 | 6.7 | START | N83:17E | 640 | N42:30W | 360.00 | -16 | NW, NWBW, WNW, NWBW, NWBN | FIRST PART FRESH GALES, MIDDLE AND LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART CLOUDY, MID AND LATTER MODERATE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101410 | |||
| 1766-11-09T15:00 | 45.77 | -51.79 | 187 | 22.6 | START | N82:41E | 657 | N83W | 57.00 | -16 | NWBW, CALM, WSW, SWBS, SSW | FIRST PART LIGHT AIRS, MIDDLE AND MOST OF LATTER STRONG GALES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101411 | ||||
| 1766-11-10T15:00 | 45.42 | -51.97 | 288 | 6.7 | START | N81:12E | 664 | S21W | 33.00 | -16 | NWBW, WNW, NWBW | FRESH GALES IN FIRST PART, MID AND LATTER MODERATE | FIRST PART FAIR, MID CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101412 | |||
| 1766-11-11T15:00 | 45.50 | -52.38 | 108 | 6.7 | START | N82:06W | 672 | N77W | 22.00 | -16 | CALM, SWBW, NEBE, SEBE | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101413 | |||
| 1766-11-12T16:00 | 45.23 | -56.01 | 232 | 6.7 | START | N83:23W | 717 | N79:30W | 159.00 | -16 | SEBE, SBE, SBW, SWBS, WSW | FIRST AND LATTER PARTS MODERATE, MIDDLE FRESH GALES | FIRST AND LATTER CLOUDY, MIDDLE HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101414 | |||
| 1766-11-13T16:00 | 46.27 | -56.13 | 277 | 19.0 | START | N83:52W | 719 | N31W | 20.00 | -16 | WSW, W, WBN, WNW | FIRST PART MODERATE, MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLS | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101415 | |||
| 1766-11-14T16:00 | 44.82 | -55.63 | 277 | 26.8 | START | N81:35W | 724 | S10E | 88.00 | -16 | WSW, W, WBN, WNW | HARD GALES AND SQUALLY | SHOWERS OF HAIL | LARGE SEA FROM THE NW | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 101416 | ||
| 1766-11-15T16:00 | 44.38 | -56.90 | 187 | 19.0 | START | N81:13W | 751 | S66W | 64.00 | -16 | NW, NWBN, SWBW, SSW | FIRST AND LATTER FRESH GALES, MIDDLE MODERATE | SHOWERS OF RAIN | LARGE SWELL TO NW | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101417 | ||
| 1766-11-16T16:00 | 44.85 | -59.53 | 53 | 19.0 | START | N83:14W | 789 | N76W | 119.00 | -15 | SWBS, VARIABLE, NEBE, NW, ENE | FRESH GALES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101418 | ||||
| 1766-11-17T16:00 | 43.63 | -61.49 | 64 | START | N80:54E | 820 | S51W | 115.00 | -15 | NE, NEBE, ENE, EBN | FRESH GALES, NOON VERY SQUALLY | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101419 | ||||
| 1766-11-18T16:00 | 44.20 | -63.00 | 201 | CAPE SAMBRO | N77W | 26 | N64W | 78.00 | -13 | ESE, S, SW, WSW, SWBS | STRONG GALES, LATTER VERY HARD SQUALLS | VERY LARGE SEA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101420 |