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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during GIER cruise from Hellevoetsluis to Suriname started at 1841-04-13 [dataset]. Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands, Den Haag, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.749418, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 34.944600 * Median Longitude: -34.434200 * South-bound Latitude: 7.130000 * West-bound Longitude: -58.120000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.810000 * East-bound Longitude: 4.080000
Date/Time Start: 1841-04-13T16:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1841-06-01T12:00:00
Event(s):
Gier_18410413_MAR_D23905_1721 * Latitude Start: 51.940000 * Longitude Start: 3.720000 * Latitude End: 6.180000 * Longitude End: -55.410000 * Date/Time Start: 1841-04-13T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1841-06-01T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Gier (Brik), Voyage: Hellevoetsluis - Suriname, 1st Observer: J. Galus (Ltz), Company: MAR
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
11 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
12 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
13 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the second landmark
14 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
15 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
16 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
17 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
18 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
19 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
20 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
21 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
22 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
23 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
24 Present weatherwwWeather description
25 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
26 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
27 Cloud typeCloud type
28 ClearnessClearness
29 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
30 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
31 FogFog1 If fog was reported
32 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
33 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
34 HailHail1 If hail was reported
35 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
36 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1261 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
11 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
12 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
13 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the second landmark)
14 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
15 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
16 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
17 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
18 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
19 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
20 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
21 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
22 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
23 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
24 
ww
(Weather description)
25 
Precip descr
26 
State sea descr
27 
Cloud type
28 
Clearness
29 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
30 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
31 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
32 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
33 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
34 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
35 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
36 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1841-04-13T16:007.13-55.92584.61012.627.8BARBADOS (GIS)NNW 7/8 W106VM8NTW 7/8 W14.50282.0029.90NO-NOTOBRAMZEILSKOELTESCHOON WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000101135
1841-04-14T16:008.43-56.25694.61016.027.8BARBADOS, OOSTELIJKSTE LAND VAN (GIS)NNW 3/4 W86VM8N 1/4 W16.75182.0030.00OTN-ONOBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000101136
1841-04-15T16:0010.00-56.73804.61012.627.2BARBADOS, OOSTELIJKSTE LAND VAN (GIS)NW 1/2 N63VM8N 1/2 W19.75181.0029.90ONO-OTNBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000101137
1841-04-16T16:0011.52-57.07696.71016.026.7BARBADOS, OOSTELIJKSTE LAND VAN (GIS)NW 1/2 W45VM8N180.0030.00NOTO-ONOSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTESCHOON WEEROVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000101138
1841-04-17T16:0013.07-56.98674.01016.026.7PIERRE RENAULTES KLIP (GIS)NTW 1/2 W27VM8N 1/3 O19.25-180.0030.00OTN-ONOAFNEMENDE BRAMZEILSKOELTEOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000101139
1841-04-18T16:0014.37-56.95672.61014.327.2PIERRE RENAULTS KLIP (GIS)NW W/Z N10VM8N 1/8 O15.00-181.0029.95NOTO-ONOFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000101140
1841-04-19T16:0015.30-56.87671.01014.326.7VM8N 1/4 O13.00-180.0029.95O-ONOFLAUWE KOELTE EN BRAMZEILSKOELTESCHOON WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000101141
1841-04-20T16:0017.05-57.03896.71017.727.2BERMUDAS (GIS)NNW250VM8N 1/2 W27.50-181.0030.05ONO-OSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTESCHOON WEEROVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000101142
1841-04-21T16:0019.20-57.28536.71017.726.1BERMUDAS (GIS)NNW 1/3 W220VM8N 1/8 O30.50-379.0030.05OTN-NOTOONGESTADIGE STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIIGMET REGENOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT1100000101143
1841-04-22T16:0020.88-57.87782.61017.726.1BERMUDAS (GIS)NNW 1/3 W193VM8NTW 1/4 W24.00-179.0030.05ONO-OTNFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTESCHOON WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000101144
1841-04-23T16:0022.37-58.12674.61017.726.1BERMUDAS (GIS)NNW 3/4 W173VM8N21.00-179.0030.05OTN-ONOBRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEERHEIIGE LUCHT0000000101145
1841-04-24T16:0024.27-58.12986.71017.725.6BERMUDAS (GIS)NW 3/4 N148VM8N 3/4 O27.00-378.0030.05OZO-OTZSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000101146
1841-04-25T16:0026.40-57.451416.71022.825.0BERMUDAS (GIS)NW 1/3 W128VM8NNO 1/3 O32.25-577.0030.20OZO-ZOTZSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN MARSZEILSKOELTEBEWOLKTE EN OPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000101147
1841-04-26T16:0028.40-56.481604.61027.823.9FLIRES (GIS)NOTO 1/2 O355VM8NNO 7/8 O31.00-975.0030.35OZO-ZTOONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN MARSZEILSKOELTEBUIENMET EEN WEINIG REGENOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT1100000101148
1841-04-27T16:0030.02-54.901494.61026.123.3FLORES (GIS)NOTO 2/3 O324VM8NO 1/8 O31.00-974.0030.30ZO-ZZOBRAMZEILSKOELTEWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000101149
1841-04-28T16:0031.38-52.921376.71022.822.8FLORES (GIS)ONO292VM8NOTO 1/2 O33.50-973.0030.20ZO-ZOTZSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN MARSZEILSKOELTESCHOON WEERHEIIGE LUCHT0000000101150
1841-04-29T15:0032.62-50.551654.61022.822.2FLORES (GIS)ONO55VM8ONO 1/2 O38.00-1572.0030.20ZTO-ZBRAMZEILSKOELTE EN STIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEHEIIGE LUCHT0000000101151
1841-04-30T15:0033.78-47.722214.61019.423.3FLORES (GIS)ONO218VM8ONO 1/2 O34.75-1574.0030.10ZW-ZWTWBRAMZEILSKOELTESCHOON WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000101152
1841-05-01T15:0034.22-45.372986.71016.021.7FLORES (GIS)ONO188VM8OTN32.50-1771.0030.00WNW-NWSTIJVE EN FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBUITJESEN VEEL REGENBETROKKEN LUCHTDIKKE LUCHT1100000101153
1841-05-02T15:0034.08-44.3761.01019.420.0FLORES (GIS)NOTO 2/3 O179VM8O 1/2 Z13.00-1768.0030.10NOTN-NNOFLAUW EN STILHELDERE LUCHT0000000101154
1841-05-03T15:0034.28-43.901072.6FLORES (GIS)NOTO 1/2 O168VM8ONO 1/4 O6.25-17OZO-ZOTOFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEREGENBETROKKEN LUCHT0100000101155
1841-05-04T15:0034.77-43.08514.01016.018.3FLORES (GIS)NOTO 3/4 O157VM8ONO15.00-1765.0030.00NO-ONOFLAUWE EN ONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTEREGENWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0100000101156
1841-05-05T15:0034.65-41.923301.01019.420.0FLORES (GIS)NOTO 1/2 O147VM8O 2/3 Z13.25-1968.0030.10NOTN-NTWFLAUW EN STILSCHOON WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000101157
1841-05-06T15:0034.68-41.933411.0FLORES (GIS)NOTO 1/2 O147VM8NNO 1/4 O3.75-19NW-NFLAUWE KOELTE EN BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000101158
1841-05-07T15:0034.87-41.322291.01026.120.6FLORES (GIS)NOTO 1/2 O137VM8NO 1/2 O6.50-1969.0030.30NW-WZWFLAUWE KOELTESCHOON WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000101159
1841-05-08T15:0036.50-38.922066.71022.821.1FLORES (GIS)ONO W/Z N112VM8NO28.50-1970.0030.20ZWSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000101160
1841-05-09T14:0038.12-36.802919.3FLORES (GIS)ONO 1/2 O67VM8ONO41.50-24W-NWSTIJVE MARSZEILSKOELTE EN BRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET EEN WEINIG REGENBETROKKEN LUCHT1100000101161
1841-05-10T14:0039.00-34.022014.91016.020.0FLORES (GIS)32VM8O 2/3 N32.00-2468.0030.00WZW-ZWAANNEMENDE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN STIJVE MARSZEILSKOELTEBETROKKEN LUCHTHEIIGE LUCHT0000000101162
1841-05-11T14:0040.02-30.921666.71012.619.4LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 2/3 O310VM8NOTN4.50-2567.0029.90ZZW-ZTWSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEBETROKKEN LUCHTHEIIGE LUCHT0000000101163
1841-05-12T14:0041.77-28.152234.61012.617.8KAAP LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 2/3 O277VM8NOTO 1/8 O37.00-2564.0029.90ZWTW-WZWBRAMZEILSKOELTEREGENBETROKKEN LUCHTDIKKE LUCHT0100000101164
1841-05-13T14:0042.50-26.723464.91019.417.2KAAP LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 1/2 O249VM8ONO23.00-2563.0030.10N-NTOFRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTEOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000101165
1841-05-14T14:0042.50-25.953351.01019.416.1LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 2/3 O243VM8ONO 2/3 O4.75-2561.0030.10NFLAUW EN STILOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000101166
1841-05-15T14:0042.67-25.95731.01022.818.3KAAP LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 2/3 O243VM8N2.50-2865.0030.20NO-OTZFLAUW EN STILBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000101167
1841-05-16T14:0043.17-25.423434.61022.816.1KAAP LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 3/4 O233VM8NOTO 1/2 O6.50-2861.0030.20NNO-NTOBRAMZEILSKOELTEOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000101168
1841-05-17T14:0043.80-23.603436.71019.417.2KAAP LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 3/4 O210VM8ONO 1/2 O23.00-2863.0030.10NTW-NTOSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000101169
1841-05-18T13:0044.70-21.432434.91017.716.1KAAP LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 3/4 O185VM8ONO 1/4 O24.50-2761.0030.05NW-WAANNEMENDE BRAMZEILSKOELTEOPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000101170
1841-05-19T13:0045.92-17.703119.31009.218.3KAAP LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 3/4 O139DUIVELSKLIPPEN (GIS)O 1/2 N45VM8ONO 1/2 O41.00-2765.0029.80NW-NNWGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTEBUIIGMET REGENHOGE ZEEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT1100000101171
1841-05-20T13:0046.82-15.132896.71002.412.8LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 3/4 O108DUIVELSKLIPPEN (GIS)OZO20VM8ONO 1/3 O29.00-2655.0029.60NNW-NWSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN MINDERE KOELTEOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000101172
1841-05-21T13:0047.17-12.682899.31002.413.9KAAP LEZARD (GIS)NOTO 1/3 O87DUIVELSKLIPPEN (GIS)ZZW14VM8OTN21.00-2657.0029.60N-NWONGESTADIGE STIJVE MARSZEILSKOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET REGEN EN HAGEL1100010101173
1841-05-22T13:0047.30-11.273249.3KAAP LEZARD (GIS)NOTO72VM8O 1/3 N13.50-25NNW-NTWSTIJVE MARSZEILSKOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTOVERDRIJVENDE LUCHT1000000101174
1841-05-23T13:0047.63-9.633446.71012.613.3KAAP LEZARD (GIS)NO 2/3 O55VM8O 3/4 N13.50-2756.0029.90N-NTOSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTESCHOON WEEROPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000101175
1841-05-24T13:0048.45-8.70742.61019.416.1KAAP LEZARD (GIS)NOTO41VM8NO 1/8 N14.25-2761.0030.10O-OTZFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000101176
1841-05-25T12:0048.73-7.17202.61016.016.1KAAP LEZARD (GIS)NO W/Z O27VM8ONO 1/2 O15.75-2561.0030.00NTO-NOFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000101177
1841-05-26T12:0049.45-6.70996.71014.315.0KAAP LEZARD (GIS)ONO 1/3 O16ST AGNES VUUR (GIS)NO 1/4 N51VM8NNO11.75-2559.0029.95OZO-ZOTOMARSZEILSKOELTE EN AFNEMENDE KOELTEMISTIGE LUCHTDIKKE LUCHT0010000101178
1841-05-27T12:0049.33-6.051104.61005.816.1KAAP LEZARD (GIS)NO 1/3 N131VM8OZO 1/2 O10.25-2561.0029.70NNO-ZOONGESTADIGE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN MINDERE KOELTEBETROKKEN EN OPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000101179
1841-05-28T12:0050.20-4.131441.01016.016.71VM8NOTO 7/8 O20.25-2562.0030.00ZO-ZTOFLAUW EN STIL EN BRAMZEILSKOELTEHEIIGE LUCHT0000000101180
1841-05-29T12:0050.28-2.602561.01021.116.11VM8O 1/2 N9.75-2561.0030.15W-WTNFLAUW EN STILHEIIGE LUCHT0000000101181
1841-05-30T12:0050.50-0.632251.01016.016.1BERRY HEAD (GIS)ONO91VM8ONO 5/8 O5.25-2361.0030.00WNW-WZWFLAUWE KOELTEHEIIGE LUCHT0000000101182
1841-05-31T12:0051.151.581914.61016.016.7ZUID FORELAND, VUURTOREN (PEILING)WTZ1VM8NOTO 1/2 O17.00-2362.0030.00ZW-ZWTZBRAMZEILSKOELTE EN FLAUWE KOELTEHEIIGE LUCHT0000000101183
1841-06-01T12:0051.814.081-210000000101184