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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during GIER cruise from Nederland to Suriname started at 1838-12-11 [dataset]. Nationaal Archief of the Netherlands, Den Haag, Netherland, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.749417, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 32.094474 * Median Longitude: -22.338421 * South-bound Latitude: 5.280000 * West-bound Longitude: -52.000000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.850000 * East-bound Longitude: 3.750000
Date/Time Start: 1838-12-11T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1839-01-19T00:00:00
Event(s):
Gier_18381211_MAR_D23905_1721 * Latitude Start: 53.000000 * Longitude Start: 4.490000 * Latitude End: 6.180000 * Longitude End: -55.410000 * Date/Time Start: 1838-12-11T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1839-01-19T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Gier (Brik), Voyage: Nederland - Suriname, 1st Observer: J. Galus (Ltz), Company: MAR
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
11 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
12 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
13 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the second landmark
14 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
15 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
16 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
17 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
18 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
19 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
20 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
21 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
22 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
23 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
24 Present weatherwwWeather description
25 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
26 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
27 Cloud typeCloud type
28 ClearnessClearness
29 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
30 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
31 FogFog1 If fog was reported
32 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
33 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
34 HailHail1 If hail was reported
35 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
36 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
967 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
11 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
12 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
13 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the second landmark)
14 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
15 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
16 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
17 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
18 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
19 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
20 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
21 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
22 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
23 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
24 
ww
(Weather description)
25 
Precip descr
26 
State sea descr
27 
Cloud type
28 
Clearness
29 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
30 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
31 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
32 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
33 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
34 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
35 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
36 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1838-12-11T12:0051.853.753504.61026.18.9SCHOUWEN, TOREN VAN (PEILING)ZTW1VM8-2148.0030.30NNO-NTOBRAMZEILSKOELTE EN MINDERE KOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000101096
1838-12-12T12:0051.582.652601.01026.110.01VM8WZW10.75-2150.0030.30WNW-WTNFLAUW EN STILGOED WEERBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000101097
1838-12-13T12:0051.181.631911.01022.88.91VM8ZW 1/2 W6.50-2348.0030.20ZZW-ZWTZFLAUWE KOELTEGOED WEERBETROKKEN LUCHT0000000101098
1838-12-14T12:0050.55-0.053374.61029.511.1BEVESIERNO41VM8ZW 2/3 W19.50-2352.0030.40NNW-NBRAMZEILSKOELTE EN MINDERE KOELTEGOED WEEROPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000101099
1838-12-15T12:0050.12-3.751331.01026.113.3GOUDSTAART, VUURTORENNO 1/2 N21VM8WZW 7/8 W31.50-2556.0030.30OZO-ZZOBRAMZEILSKOELTE TOT FLAUW EN STILBUIIGE LUCHTMET REGEN1100000101100
1838-12-16T12:0049.03-5.97881.01026.111.1KAAP FINISTERRE (GIS)ZZW971VM8ZW 2/3 W26.75-2552.0030.30ZO-OZOFLAUWE KOELTEGOED WEEROPKLARENDE LUCHT0000000101101
1838-12-17T12:0048.57-7.172001.0KAAP FINISTERRE (GIS)ZTW 1/3 W90VM8ZZW 1/2 W13.50-25Z-ZWFLAUWE KOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000101102
1838-12-18T13:0048.12-10.201424.61019.411.7KAAP FINISTERRE (GIS)Z 1/2 O82VM8ZWTW 5/8 W18.75-2753.0030.10Z-ZTOBRAMZEILSKOELTE EN MINDERE KOELTEGOED WEER, BUIIGE LUCHTDEINING UIT WZW1000000101103
1838-12-19T13:0047.85-11.701426.71009.212.8KAAP FINISTERRE (GIS)ZTO 2/3 O81DUIVELSKLIPPEN (GIS)ZWTZ26VM8WZW 2/3 W15.25-2755.0029.80Z-ZTOMARSZEILSKOELTE EN GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE EN AFNEMENDE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTHOGE ZEEOPKLARENDE LUCHT1000000101104
1838-12-20T13:0047.27-13.072441022.811.1DUIVELSKLIPPEN (GIS)Z 2/3 W15PUNTO DEL PARGO (GIS)ZTW223VM8ZW 5/8 W14.75-2652.0030.20N-WSCHRALENDE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000101105
1838-12-21T13:0046.77-14.431889.3DUIVELSKLIPPEN (GIS)OZO13PUNTO DEL PARGO (GIS)Z 2/3 W214VM8ZWTW 1/2 W15.75-26ZZW-ZWTZGEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE EN AFNEMENDE MARSZEILSKOELTEREGENDEINING UIT ZWDIKKE LUCHT0100000101106
1838-12-22T13:0046.62-15.921779.31009.215.6PUNTO DEL PARGO (GIS)Z 1/2 W208VM8ZW 1/2 W9.00-2660.0029.80ZTW-ZZWONGESTADIGE GEREEFDE MARSZEILSKOELTE EN ONDERZEILSKOELTEREGENDEINIG UIT WZWDIKKE LUCHT0100000101107
1838-12-23T13:0046.90-15.4728926.8VM8NOTO 1/2 O5.25-26WNW-NWSTORM MET HEVIGE ORKAAN VLAGENBUIIGE LUCHTHOGE ZEEDIKKE LUCHT1000000101108
1838-12-24T13:0046.75-14.722446.71009.214.4DUIVELSKLIPPEN (GIS)OZO15PUNTO DEL PARGO (GIS)Z 3/4 W213VM8ZOTO 3/4 O5.50-2658.0029.80WNW-WONGESTADIGE MARSZEILSKOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET AANHOUDENDE REGEN1100000101109
1838-12-25T13:0043.93-14.882676.7PUNTO DEL PARGO (GIS)ZTW169VM8ZTW36.00-26WNWMARSZEILSKOELTE EN MEERDERE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET REGENOPKLARENDE LUCHT1100000101110
1838-12-26T13:0042.30-15.382354.91026.117.2PUNTO DEL PARGO (GIS)ZTW144VM8Z 3/4 W30.00-2463.0030.30W-WTZAANNEMENDE FRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTEMISTIGMET REGEN0110000101111
1838-12-27T13:0039.02-15.683474.9PUNTO DEL PARGO (GIS)ZW94ACHT KLIPPEN (GIS)ZTW 1/2 W64VM8Z 1/2 W44.50-24N-NTOFRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTESCHOON WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000101112
1838-12-28T13:0036.27-16.98234.61032.915.6PUNTO DEL PARGO (GIS)Z 1/2 W53ACHT KLIPPEN (GIS)Z 1/2 O23VM8ZZW40.00-2260.0030.50NNO-NOBRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000101113
1838-12-29T13:0033.93-17.83794.6PUNTO DEL PARGO (GIS)ZTO 1/3 O17VM8ZTW 1/2 W36.00-22OZO-OTZBRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIIGE LUCHT, GOED WEER1000000101114
1838-12-30T13:0032.42-18.923391.01029.518.3PUNTO DEL PARGO (PEILING)N 1/2 OMADERA, ZO-HOEK (PEILING)ONOVM8ZO 2/3 Z22.50-2165.0030.40NNO-NFLAUWE KOELTE EN DOODSTILMOOI WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000101115
1838-12-31T13:0030.97-19.191146.1VM8ZW 1/8 Z30.00-21NNO-ZOONGESTADIGE FLAUWE MARSZEILSKOELTEGOED WEEREEN WEINIG REGENBEWOLKTE LUCHT0100000101116
1839-01-01T13:0029.07-21.56924.91029.520.0KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZW 1/3 W554VM8ZW 1/3 W43.50-2168.0030.40OTZ-OZOFRISSE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000101117
1839-01-02T14:0027.18-23.83942.61029.520.0KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZW 1/3 W514VM8ZW 1/3 W43.25-1968.0030.40O-OZOFLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEMOOI WEERWOLKDRIJVENDE LUCHT0000000101118
1839-01-03T14:0025.85-25.54941.01022.821.1KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZW 1/3 W478VM8ZWTW 1/8 W33.25-1970.0030.20ZTO-OZOFLAUWE KOELTEZEER MOOI WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000101119
1839-01-04T14:0025.07-26.13716.11026.121.1KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZW 1/2 W458VM8ZWTW 1/8 W19.00-1970.0030.30NNO-OFLAUWE MARSZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000101120
1839-01-05T14:0023.43-28.68KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZW IETS W421VM8ZW37.50-170000000101121
1839-01-06T14:0021.50-30.56296.71026.123.3KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZW W/Z W379VM8ZW 1/3 W43.50-1674.0030.30NOTO-NOSTIJVE EN FLAUWE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERHELDERE LUCHT0000000101122
1839-01-07T14:0019.42-33.24554.61026.123.3KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZW IETS W332VM8ZW 1/3 W44.50-1374.0030.30NO-ONOBRAMZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000101123
1839-01-08T14:0017.38-35.65786.71022.823.9KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZW IETS W283VM8ZW 1/2 W47.00-1275.0030.20ZO-OSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTE EN MEERDERE KOELTEBUIIGE LUCHTMET MOTREGENDEINING UIT HET OOSTENDIKKE LUCHT1100000101124
1839-01-09T15:0015.62-37.761044.61022.824.4KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZW IETS W243VM8ZW 1/2 W42.00-976.0030.20ZO-OZOBRAMZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000101125
1839-01-10T15:0013.78-39.743512.01022.825.0KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZW199VM8ZW 1/3 W41.50-977.0030.20ZO-NBRAMZEILSKOELTE AFNEMENDE KOELTEGOED WEER, BUIIGE LUCHT1000000101126
1839-01-11T15:0012.43-41.221061.01016.026.7KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZW170VM8ZW 1/3 W33.50-780.0030.00ZO-OZOFLAUWE KOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000101127
1839-01-12T15:0011.27-42.77861.01016.026.1KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZW141VM8ZW 1/8 W30.50-479.0030.00OZO-OFLAUWE KOELTEBEWOLKTE LUCHTHELDERE LUCHT0000000101128
1839-01-13T15:009.98-43.78416.11016.026.1KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZW115VM8ZW 1/2 Z26.00-479.0030.00OZO-NOFLAUWE MARSZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000101129
1839-01-14T15:008.13-45.63866.71016.027.2KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZW 1/4 Z74VM8ZW 1/4 W40.00-481.0030.00ONO-OSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEHELDERE LUCHT0000000101130
1839-01-15T15:006.63-47.71566.71016.027.2KAAP ORANJE (GIS)ZZW 1/3 W40VM8ZW 1/8 W39.75081.0030.00NO-NOTOMARSZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERDIKKE LUCHT0000000101131
1839-01-16T15:005.57-49.78454.61016.028.3DUIVELS EILAND (GIS)ZW 1/4 Z6VM8ZWTW 3/4 W36.75083.0030.00NOBRAMZEILSKOELTEBUIIGE LUCHT, GOED WEER1000000101132
1839-01-17T15:005.28-52.00456.71016.027.8BRAAMSPUNT (GIS)ZWTW 1/2 W9VM8WNW 1/2 W36.25082.0030.00NNO-NOSTIJVE BRAMZEILSKOELTEGOED WEERBEWOLKTE LUCHT0000000101133
1839-01-19T00:0010000000101134