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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during George IV cruise from Downs to Malacca started at 1828-02-26 [dataset]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.749398, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -8.585900 * Median Longitude: 17.791900 * South-bound Latitude: -39.770000 * West-bound Longitude: -33.880000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.100000 * East-bound Longitude: 88.230000
Date/Time Start: 1828-02-26T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1828-06-05T06:00:00
Event(s):
George_IV_18280226_LOG/C/2 * Latitude Start: 47.720000 * Longitude Start: -5.280000 * Latitude End: 9.170000 * Longitude End: 92.590000 * Date/Time Start: 1828-02-26T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1828-06-05T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: George Iv, Voyage: Downs - Malacca, 1st Observer: William Barrow (Captain), 2nd Observer: Jones Collins (Midshipman), Company: EIC
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
13 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
14 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
15 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
16 Present weatherwwWeather description
17 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
18 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
19 ClearnessClearness
20 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
21 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
22 FogFog1 If fog was reported
23 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
24 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25 HailHail1 If hail was reported
26 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27 CommentComment
28 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1956 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

-
(1 If position is considered t...)

Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
13 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
14 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
15 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
16 
ww
(Weather description)
17 
Precip descr
18 
State sea descr
19 
Clearness
20 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
21 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
22 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
23 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
24 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
25 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
26 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
27 
Comment
28 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1828-02-26T12:0050.10-3.072009.31029.512.81-2555.0030.40WSW, SWFRESH BREEZESTHICKRAIN0100000100236
1828-02-27T12:0049.77-4.781661025.513.6S40W37.00-2556.5030.28SSW, VARIABLE, SBWCLOUDY0000000100237
1828-02-28T12:0049.08-6.05200.11034.914.2S34W58.00-2557.5030.56E, NELIGHT BREEZES, NEARLY CALM, INCREASINGMIDDLE FINELARGE NW SWELLFIRST PART HAZY0000000100238
1828-02-29T13:0047.52-9.00419.31037.714.2S53W182.00-2757.5030.64NE, ENEFRESH BREEZESCLEAR0000000100239
1828-03-01T13:0044.97-11.281107.31030.913.1S32W-2555.5030.44NEBE, ENE, EBS, VARIABLE, FROM, SE, SEFRESHENING WINDSLATTER DRIZZLING RAINCLOUDY0100000100240
1828-03-02T13:0041.67-14.18786.71020.715.3S32W-2359.5030.14SE, EBSBREEZEFIRST PART CLOUDY, MIDDLE AND LATTER CLEAR0000000100241
1828-03-03T13:0039.65-15.781129.31022.815.6S29:30W132.00-2360.0030.20VARIABLE, SESTEADY BREEZESCLOUDY0000000100242
1828-03-04T13:0038.30-16.40221.01026.515.0S18W70.00-2359.0030.31SE, VARIABLE, NENEARLY CALM, LIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000100243
1828-03-05T13:0036.13-16.471141028.915.8S15W117.00-2160.5030.38E, SW, ESE, SELIGHT BREEZES, VARIABLECLOUDY0000000100244
1828-03-06T13:0033.75-17.401031028.916.7S12:30W141.00-2162.0030.38SE, VARIABLE, SEBEMOSTLY CLOUDY0000000100245
1828-03-07T13:0032.03-18.33251.01024.817.8S22:15W117.00-2064.0030.26SW, SE, NELIGHT AIRS AND SQUALLYCLOUDY0000000100246
1828-03-08T13:0029.25-20.20701019.418.9S23W182.00-2066.0030.10SE, VARIABLE, ESQUALLYRAINCLOUDY0100000100247
1828-03-09T13:0027.55-21.453620.11020.019.4S40W126.00-2067.0030.12VARIABLESQUALLY, NEARLY CALMFINECLOUDY0000000100248
1828-03-10T13:0026.62-21.83711.01020.019.4S23:30W52.00-1967.0030.12SE1/2S, ENEARLY CALM, LIGHT AIRSFINE0000000100249
1828-03-11T13:0025.40-22.102962.61020.721.7S23W53.00-1971.0030.14N, NWLIGHT BREEZESFINECLOUDY0000000100250
1828-03-12T14:0023.30-23.00272.61022.821.1S23W128.00-1870.0030.20NNW, NELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY0000000100251
1828-03-13T14:0021.47-24.02292.61022.120.8S23W115.00-1669.5030.18ENE, VARIABLE, NELIGHT WINDSFINE0000000100252
1828-03-14T14:0019.80-25.07291.21024.121.7S22W108.00-1671.0030.24NELIGHT AIRS, INCREASINGFINE0000000100253
1828-03-15T14:0016.87-26.62531022.821.7S27W200.00-1571.0030.20NE, ENECLOUDY0000000100254
1828-03-16T14:0013.43-26.223621036.321.9S9E218.00-1571.5030.60ENE, NE, VARIABLESQUALLY0000000100255
1828-03-17T14:0010.42-25.035412.31026.123.3S19E199.00-1474.0030.30EBN, VARIABLE, NE, ENEFRESH TRADE AND VARIABLEHAZY0000000100256
1828-03-18T14:007.53-23.625412.31022.825.0S26E187.00-1477.0030.20E, ENEFRESH TRADEHAZY0000000100257
1828-03-19T13:005.22-22.35301014.626.7S27E150.00-1580.0029.96ENE, VARIABLE, NEHAZY AND CLOUDY0000000100258
1828-03-20T13:003.80-20.70531.01015.327.2S26E94.00-1581.0029.98EBN, NE, ENELIGHT AIRS AND CALMSHAZY0000000100259
1828-03-21T13:002.88-20.273621.01012.628.1S13E56.00-1582.5029.90S, ESE, NNW, VARIABLELIGHT AIRSFIRST PART RAINCLOUDY0100100100260
1828-03-22T13:003.40-21.203621015.328.3S41W24.00-1583.0029.98SSE, VARIABLELIGHT WINDS, CALM, SQUALLYRAIN0100000100261
1828-03-23T13:002.90-21.771652.61014.028.6S49W73.00-1583.5029.94SLIGHT BREEZESFINE0000000100262
1828-03-24T13:002.68-21.623341.01012.627.8S28.00-1582.0029.90VARIABLE, SE, NBWLIGHT BREEZES AND CALMS, LIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLERAIN AT TIMES0100000100263
1828-03-25T13:001.78-21.38300.11014.326.7S4E80.00-1580.0029.95NBW, NNE, NNW, NESQUALLY, NEARLY CALMRAIN0100000100264
1828-03-26T13:001.40-21.33301.01013.328.1S2W-1582.5029.92VARIABLE, ESE, NELIGHT AIRS AND CALMS0000000100265
1828-03-27T14:000.43-22.731571.21012.627.8S50W100.00-1282.0029.90ESE, VARIABLE, S, SBELIGHT AIRS INCREASINGSULTRY AND FINE0000000100266
1828-03-28T14:00-0.60-23.37781012.628.3S27W74.00-1283.0029.90SSE, SE, EFINE0000000100267
1828-03-29T14:00-1.62-23.951236.71013.328.3S26W72.00-1283.0029.92SSE, SELIGHT TRADE AND SQUALLYFINE0000000100268
1828-03-31T14:00-5.87-28.271496.71012.927.8S47W182.00-982.0029.91SSEINCREASING WINDS, BECOMING MORE MODERATE0000000100269
1828-04-01T14:00-8.70-29.531509.31013.327.2S24W189.00-881.0029.92SSEMODERATE TRADEHAZY, CLOUDY0000000100270
1828-04-02T14:00-11.30-30.7512712.31014.026.9S30W170.00-880.5029.94SESTEADY TRADECLOUDY0000000100271
1828-04-03T14:00-13.50-31.721281014.626.9S25:30W140.00-780.5029.96SESQUALLYMIDDLE RAIN0100000100272
1828-04-04T14:00-15.73-32.806.71016.026.9S26:30W149.00-480.5030.00LIGHT TRADE AND SQUALLYFINE0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation100273
1828-04-05T14:00-18.20-33.73876.71026.126.9S19W162.00-380.5030.30VARIABLE, S, EMODERATE AND SQUALLYMOSTLY FINELATTER RAIN0100000100274
1828-04-06T14:00-20.63-33.881102.61026.126.4S7:30W153.00-379.5030.30SEBE, ESELIGHT WINDS AND SQUALLY0000000100275
1828-04-07T14:00-22.25-33.22426.71026.126.7S16E116.00-380.0030.30NELIGHT TRADEFINE0000000100276
1828-04-08T14:00-23.63-31.63181.01026.126.7S44E106.00-580.0030.30NE, NNELIGHT AIRS0000000100277
1828-04-09T14:00-25.53-29.55401014.026.1S45E184.00-579.0029.94NNE, N, VARIABLE, NESQUALLYFIRST PART CLOUDY, LATTER FAIR0000000100278
1828-04-10T14:00-26.37-28.322650.11014.025.8S54E75.00-578.5029.94NNW, VARIABLE, SW, WLIGHT AIRS AND SQUALLY, NEARLY CALMRAIN AT TIMES0100000100279
1828-04-11T14:00-27.65-26.702411014.625.3S44E42.00-777.5029.96NWBN, VARIABLE, SW, WSWVARIABLELARGE SWELL FROM NWBNCLOUDY0000000100280
1828-04-12T14:00-28.80-25.002291016.024.2S46:30E102.00-775.5030.00SWBWSQUALLYCLOUDY0000000100281
1828-04-13T14:00-30.70-23.381391015.324.4S38E166.00-776.0029.98SSE, SEBSVARIABLE AND SQUALLYSWELL FROM S0000000100282
1828-04-14T13:00-31.47-20.573051007.223.1S75E136.00-1073.5029.74SSW, NBE, NWSQUALLYRAIN AT TIMES0100000100283
1828-04-15T13:00-32.60-18.90371009.920.6S59E132.00-969.0029.82NNE, NEBN, NEFRESH AND SQUALLY AT TIMESDRIZZLING RAIN0100000100284
1828-04-16T13:00-33.82-13.983261014.021.1S66E197.00-1270.0029.94NEBN, NNWSQUALLYRAIN0100100100285
1828-04-17T13:00-34.42-11.002331030.920.0S72:30E156.00-1568.0030.44NNW, WNW, WSWPASSING SQUALLSCLOUDY0000000100286
1828-04-18T13:00-34.67-8.322101022.820.0S80E132.00-1568.0030.20VARIABLE, WBS, SWVARIABLEDRIZZLING RAIN0100000100287
1828-04-19T12:00-35.02-4.902521025.520.6S77E170.00-1869.0030.28SW, WBN, WFIRST PART MODERATE, MIDDLE AND LATTER SQUALLYLATTER RAINCLOUDY0100000100288
1828-04-20T12:00-35.57-2.572071030.920.0S72E102.00-1868.0030.44W, VARIABLE, SWVARIABLERAINCLOUDY0100000100289
1828-04-21T12:00-35.87-0.582941.01030.219.4S73E89.00-2167.0030.42NNW, WSW, NWLIGHT AIRSCLOUDY0000000100290
1828-04-22T12:00-36.321.871371.01026.820.0S75E122.00-2168.0030.32NW, WNW, SSELIGHT AIRSMOSTLY FINELATTER RAINLATTER CLOUDY0100000100291
1828-04-23T12:00-36.383.573601.01024.818.3N86E58.00-2365.0030.26SW, S, N, NNEVARIABLE, NEARLY CALM, LIGHT AIRSLATTER RAINCLOUDY0100000100292
1828-04-24T12:00-37.156.803151022.818.3S64E163.00-2365.0030.20N, NNWMIDDLE RAINCLOUDY0100000100293
1828-04-25T11:00-37.6511.373589.31022.818.3S82E210.00-2565.0030.20N, NNEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYFIRST PART HAZY, MIDDLE CLOUDY, LATTER CLEAR0000000100294
1828-04-26T11:00-37.8815.583561009.218.3S85E224.00-2765.0029.80N, NNESTRONG BREEZES, MODERATE, SQUALLYHAZY0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation100295
1828-04-27T11:00-37.4821.022429.31022.818.3N86E222.00-2865.0030.20NBE, WNW, WFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYMIDDLE HEAVY RAIN0100000100296
1828-04-28T10:00-37.2225.1328612.31008.519.4N81:30E219.00-2967.0029.78WNW, NWBLOWING FRESH IN SQUALLSHEAVY SEA0000000100297
1828-04-29T10:00-38.2729.3728526.8999.718.3S73:30E210.00-3065.0029.52NWSTRONG BREEZES, SQUALLY, BLOWING HARDCONSTANT RAIN0100000100298
1828-04-30T10:00-37.6733.971946.71020.016.7S82E203.00-3162.0030.12W, VARIABLE, SWSQUALLY, MORE MODERATERAIN AT TIMES0100000100299
1828-05-01T09:00-37.4738.133629.31030.217.8S83E183.00-2864.0030.42WSW, SW, VARIABLEFRESH BREEZES WITH SQUALLSMIDDLE RAIN0100000100300
1828-05-02T09:00-37.8841.251951030.218.3S81E133.00-3065.0030.42VARIABLE, NWBW, SWLATTER RAINCLOUDY0100000100301
1828-05-03T09:00-38.2843.88151032.919.4S72E115.00-3067.0030.50VARIABLE, NW, WSW, ENE, NELATTER RAINCLOUDY0100000100302
1828-05-04T09:00-38.7847.333301.01027.519.4S83E160.00-3067.0030.34NE, SW, NNE, NLIGHT AIRSHEAVY SWELL0000000100303
1828-05-05T09:00-38.8352.283549.31022.818.3S89E209.00-2965.0030.20NNEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY0000000100304
1828-05-06T08:00-38.8755.922761020.018.3S89E183.00-2865.0030.12NBW, NWBN, N, NWBWSQUALLYCLOUDY0000000100305
1828-05-07T08:00-39.3360.583562.91029.518.3S88E167.00-2765.0030.40N, NEBN, NNELIGHT BREEZES FRESHENING IN LATTERHAZY AND CLOUDY0000000100306
1828-05-08T08:00-39.7765.923576.71012.618.3S83:30E229.00-2665.0029.90NNELIGHT BREEZES AND SQUALLY, MORE MODERATERAIN AT TIMES0100000100307
1828-05-09T07:00-39.0070.483471011.917.8N78E175.00-2464.0029.88NNE, NBECONSTANT THICK DRIZZLING RAIN0100000100308
1828-05-10T07:00-39.3574.103629.3999.117.8S82:30E160.00-2364.0029.50NNE, NBE, VARIABLEFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYDISAGREEABLE WEATHERHAZY0000000100309
1828-05-11T07:00-38.5377.103601004.517.8N83:30E107.00-2364.0029.66NE, NNESQUALLYFIRST PART RAIN0100000a trivial correction was made in this observation100310
1828-05-12T07:00-38.2379.5729322.6998.417.2S88E82.00-2263.0029.48VARIABLE, NWBLOWING STRONG IN SQUALLS0000000100311
1828-05-13T07:00-36.2281.3236222.61007.517.8N50E156.00-1764.0029.75VARIABLEBLOWING STRONGRAIN0100000a trivial correction was made in this observation100312
1828-05-14T06:00-33.9883.983009.31016.017.8N45:30E191.00-1564.0030.00NNE, NWBN, NWFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLYHAZY0000100100313
1828-05-15T06:00-32.0587.003277.31025.118.9N36E134.00-1166.0030.27NNWINCREASING WINDS AND SQUALLYHEAVY DEWLARGE W SWELLHAZY0000000100314
1828-05-16T06:00-31.0288.232151.01028.220.3N36E65.00-1068.5030.36NNW, W, SWDECREASING WINDS, LIGHT AIRSHEAVY DEW0000000100315
1828-05-17T06:00-29.0888.02690.11028.920.3N2W70.00-1068.5030.38EBNLIGHT VARIABLE WINDS, NEARLY CALMCLOUDY0000000100316
1828-05-18T06:00-26.7888.05831026.820.6N2E171.00-769.0030.32SE, EVARIABLE AND SQUALLYRAIN0100000100317
1828-05-19T06:00-23.9586.83711023.121.7N22W165.00-871.0030.21ENE, EBNSQUALLYFAIR0000000100318
1828-05-20T06:00-21.1285.60741018.723.3N22W176.00-574.0030.08EBNSTEADY TRADE, SQUALLY AND VARIABLEMIDDLE RAIN0100000100319
1828-05-21T06:00-18.4584.38511016.025.0N20W168.00-577.0030.00NEBESQUALLYRAIN AT TIMESCLOUDY0100000100320
1828-05-22T06:00-15.8084.05421014.625.3N1:20W160.00-377.5029.96NEFINEHEAVY SWELL FROM NE0000000100321
1828-05-23T06:00-12.2384.321689.31012.626.1N4E202.00-179.0029.90E, SBEPLEASANT TRADEFINE0000000100322
1828-05-24T06:00-8.5384.531231010.926.7N12E219.00-180.0029.85EBS, SEBEFINE0000000100323
1828-05-25T06:00-5.8085.021241010.227.2N13E159.00081.0029.83ESE, VARIABLE, SEBESQUALLYRAIN AT TIMES0100000100324
1828-05-26T06:00-3.5385.331016.71009.227.5N11E130.00081.5029.80SE, ENE, VARIABLE, ESE, EBSFRESH BREEZES WITH PASSING SQUALLS, MODERATE BREEZESRAINCLOUDY0100000100325
1828-05-27T06:00-2.6885.272481.01009.227.8N2E77.00082.0029.80SE, SW, WSWLIGHT BREEZES, LIGHT AIRSSWELL FROM NWFAIR0000000100326
1828-05-28T06:00-0.8785.522042.61005.828.3N2E163.00183.0029.70WSW, SW, SSWLIGHT WINDSFINESHOWERYSWELL FROM NW1000000100327
1828-05-29T06:001.2286.082602.61004.128.3183.0029.65W, WBSLIGHT BREEZESFINE0000000100328
1828-05-30T06:004.0786.152051002.428.3283.0029.60WBS, SW, SSWSQUALLYMIDDLE RAINCLOUDY0100000100329
1828-05-31T06:006.5086.43250999.128.9284.0029.50SSW, VARIABLE, WSWFRESH MONSOON, SQUALLYRAIN AT TIMESCLOUDY0100000100330
1828-06-01T06:0010.3785.87227999.129.2284.5029.50WSW, SWHARD SQUALLSRAIN AT TIMES0100000100331
1828-06-02T06:0013.0585.632611000.129.4285.0029.53SW, VARIABLE, SSW, WBSSQUALLYMIDDLE RAIN0100000100332
1828-06-03T06:0015.7585.852729.3999.129.7285.5029.50SW, WSW, WMODERATE MONSOONLATTER LIGHT SHOWERSHAZY1000000100333
1828-06-04T06:0018.4085.75261996.730.0286.0029.43VARIABLE, WSW, SW, WBSVARIABLEMOSTLY FINEFIRST PART RAIN0100000100334
1828-06-05T06:0019.9086.632271.0997.730.6287.0029.46WSW, W, SWLIGHT AIRSFAIR0000000100335