García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during GANGES cruise from Gibraltar to Barbados started at 1823-12-02 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.749376, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 22.589355 * Median Longitude: -31.961290 * South-bound Latitude: 14.000000 * West-bound Longitude: -58.170000 * North-bound Latitude: 35.200000 * East-bound Longitude: -7.850000
Date/Time Start: 1823-12-02T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1824-01-04T00:00:00
Event(s):
Ganges_18231202_NMM_MLN/101/3 * Latitude Start: 35.970000 * Longitude Start: -5.550000 * Latitude End: 14.850000 * Longitude End: -59.680000 * Date/Time Start: 1823-12-02T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1824-01-04T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Ganges (3rd Rate Frigate), Voyage: Gibraltar - Barbados, 1st Observer: Edward Brace (Captain), 2nd Observer: Alexander Milne (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 80G 2279BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 14 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 17 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 18 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 19 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 20 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 21 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 22 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 23 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 24 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 25 | Comment | Comment | ||||
| 26 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
642 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 14 ww (Weather description) | 15 Precip descr | 16 State sea descr | 17 Clearness | 18 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 19 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 20 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 21 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 22 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 23 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 24 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 25 Comment | 26 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1823-12-02T13:00 | 35.20 | -7.85 | 80 | 6.7 | FUNCHAL | S70.30W | 150 | S72W | 118.00 | -21 | NEBN, EBS, NEBE | MODERATE | 6PM HEAVY SWELL FROM NW | FINE 8PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99000 | |||
| 1823-12-03T13:00 | 34.22 | -10.23 | 35 | 6.7 | FUNCHAL | S74W | 107 | S67W | 134.00 | -21 | NE, NEBE | AM MODERATE PM LIGHT WINDS | AM HEAVY SWELL FROM NW | AM CLOUDY 8AM FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99001 | |||
| 1823-12-04T13:00 | 33.58 | -12.50 | 69 | 2.6 | PORTO SANTO | S80.30W | 69 | S67W | 86.00 | -21 | NE, EBN, E | AM LIGHT WINDS 8AM MODERATE NOON LIGHT WINDS PM LIGHT BREEZES 8PM MODERATE | FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99002 | ||||
| 1823-12-05T13:00 | 33.33 | -13.48 | 34 | 0.0 | FUNCHAL | S78W | 43 | S79W | 71.00 | -22 | ENE, NEBE, NE | AM LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM 5PM LIGHT BREEZES | FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99003 | ||||
| 1823-12-06T13:00 | 33.00 | -14.65 | 361 | 0.0 | FUNCHAL | S88W | 29 | S81W | 58.00 | -22 | NE, NW, CALM, VARIABLE, NBW | AM LIGHT WINDS 8AM LIGHT AIRS NOON CALM PM LIGHT AIRS 6PM LIGHT BREEZES 8PM MODERATE | AM FINE 8AM CLOUDY PM CLOUDY 6PM FINE 8PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99004 | ||||
| 1823-12-07T13:00 | 32.07 | -16.20 | 318 | 0.0 | N89.30 W | 5 | S82W | 104.00 | -20 | N, VARIABLE, NNW, N, NWBN, VARIABLE | AM LIGHT AIRS INCLINING TO CALM PM MODERATE BREEZES 1PM FRESH BREEZES | PM SQUALLY | PM THICK WEATHER | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99005 | ||||
| 1823-12-08T13:00 | 29.95 | -17.95 | 362 | 6.7 | PALMA NORTH POINT | S1E | 22 | S38W | 147.00 | -20 | NW, WBS, WSW, W, VARIABLE, WBS | MODERATE MIDNIGHT STRONG GALES | AM SQUALLY | AM SMALL RAIN | CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99006 | ||
| 1823-12-09T13:00 | 28.75 | -18.20 | 205 | 6.7 | PALMA, WEST POINT | WBN1/2N | -20 | W, SW, SSE | AM FRESH GALES NOON MODERATE 4PM LIGHT AIRS MIDNIGHT LIGHT AIRS | AM SQUALLY MIDNIGHT LIGHTNING | NOON FINE | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 99007 | ||||||
| 1823-12-10T13:00 | 27.56 | -20.40 | 361 | 0.0 | BARBADOS | S67W | 852 | N43W | 55.00 | -20 | CALM, SE, VARIABLE, SW, W, VARIABLE, CALM | AM CALM 8AM LIGHT AIRS NOON CALM PM LIGHT AIRS 8PM MODERATE | 2PM SQUALLY | FINE | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99008 | |||
| 1823-12-11T14:00 | 26.38 | -22.60 | 218 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S67W | 814 | S43W | 57.00 | -18 | SWBW, W | AM STRONG BREEZES NOON MODERATE PM MODERATE BREEZES MIDNIGHT MODERATE | AM SQUALLY | NOON FINE PM CLOUDY | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99009 | |||
| 1823-12-12T14:00 | 25.19 | -24.80 | 207 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S67W | 810 | S43W | 57.00 | -18 | SWBW, SW, WBS, WSW | AM FRESH BREEZES NOON MODERATE | MIDNIGHT SQUALLY | AM FINE 4PM CLOUDY | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 99010 | ||
| 1823-12-13T14:00 | 24.00 | -27.00 | 362 | 2.6 | BARBADOS | S60W | 800 | S40W | 70.00 | -18 | WSW, VARIABLE | LIGHT BREEZES | FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 99011 | |||
| 1823-12-14T14:00 | 24.17 | -29.17 | 361 | 0.0 | BARBADOS | S64W | 667 | S59W | 10.00 | -16 | SSE, NE, VARIABLE, CALM, NNW, NBE | AM LIGHT AIRS 8AM CALM PM CALM 8PM LIGHT BREEZE | FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99012 | ||||
| 1823-12-15T14:00 | 22.33 | -30.17 | 121 | 2.6 | BARBADOS | S75W | 630 | S55W | 90.00 | -14 | NBE, ENE, ESE, SE, CALM, NNW, N, NNW | AM LIGHT BREEZES 8AM MODERATE NOON LIGHT BREEZES PM CALM MIDNIGHT LIGHT AIRS | AM CLOUDY 8AM FINE PM FINE MIDNIGHT CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99013 | ||||
| 1823-12-16T14:00 | 22.00 | -31.67 | 335 | 2.6 | BARBADOS | S69W | 587 | S56W | 110.00 | -14 | NW, NBW, NNE, ENE | AM LIGHT AIRS NOON LIGHT BREEZES MIDNIGHT LIGHT VARIABLE WINDS | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99014 | ||||
| 1823-12-17T14:00 | 21.00 | -33.17 | 44 | 2.6 | BARBADOS | S76W | 533 | S50W | 110.00 | -12 | VARIABLE, NEBE, NE | AM LIGHT WINDS NOON LIGHT BREEZES PM MODERATE MIDNIGHT LIGHT BREEZES | AM FINE PM FINE MIDNIGHT CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99015 | ||||
| 1823-12-18T14:00 | 21.83 | -34.17 | 22 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S71W | 517 | S68W | 210.00 | -12 | NEBE, NEBN, NE | MODERATE | AM HAZY NOON FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99016 | ||||
| 1823-12-19T14:00 | 20.17 | -36.17 | 33 | 9.3 | BARBADOS | S74W | 480 | S56W | 140.00 | -12 | NEBE, NE, ESE | AM FRESH BREEZES PM MODERATE 8PM LIGHT BREEZES | AM CLOUDY 8AM FINE PM FINE 8PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99017 | ||||
| 1823-12-20T15:00 | 20.00 | -38.67 | 59 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S74W | 457 | S80W | 140.00 | -9 | NE, ENE, ESE | MODERATE | FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99018 | ||||
| 1823-12-21T15:00 | 18.95 | -39.67 | 104 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S65W | 423 | S79W | 200.00 | -9 | ENE, VARIABLE, ESE | AM MODERATE NOON MODERATE BREEZES PM MODERATE MIDNIGHT LIGHT BREEZES | MIDNIGHT HEAVY SWELL FROM THE EAST | FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 99019 | ||
| 1823-12-22T15:00 | 17.17 | -40.67 | 61 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S71W | 370 | S80W | 90.00 | -7 | E, ENE | MODERATE | AM HAZY WEATHER PM FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99020 | ||||
| 1823-12-23T15:00 | 16.67 | -41.17 | 72 | 2.6 | BARBADOS | S68W | 363 | S80W | 99.00 | -7 | E, EBN | AM MODERATE NOON LIGHT BREEZES MIDNIGHT MODERATE | AM CLOUDY 8AM FINE NOON CLOUDY PM FINE 6PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99021 | ||||
| 1823-12-24T15:00 | 15.17 | -41.50 | 128 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S70W | 333 | S80W | 100.00 | -7 | ESE, SE, VARIABLE, E | AM MODERATE 8AM LIGHT BREEZES NOON MODERATE | AM FINE 4AM CLOUDY NOON HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99022 | ||||
| 1823-12-25T15:00 | 14.17 | -41.90 | 106 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S71W | 300 | S89W | 200.00 | -7 | SE, ESE | MODERATE | AM FINE NOON HAZY PM FINE MIDNIGHT CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99023 | ||||
| 1823-12-26T15:00 | 14.00 | -42.67 | 109 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S72W | 290 | S84W | 240.00 | -4 | EBS, E, ESE, EBN, E | AM FRESH BREEZES 8AM MODERATE MIDNIGHT FRESH BREEZES | FINE 4PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99024 | ||||
| 1823-12-27T00:00 | 90 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S70W | 280 | EBS, E | AM FRESH BREEZES 6AM MORE MODERATE NOON MODERATE PM MODERATE | AM CLOUDY NOON FINE PM HAZY 6PM FINE MIDNIGHT CLOU | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99025 | |||||||||
| 1823-12-28T00:00 | 101 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S74W | 320 | SE, EBS | MODERATE | FINE MIDNIGHT CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99026 | |||||||||
| 1823-12-29T15:00 | 15.25 | -42.17 | 128 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S76.30W | 307 | S70W | 170.00 | -7 | EBS, E, SE | MODERATE | AM SQUALLY WITH RAIN AT TIMES | FINE | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99027 | |||
| 1823-12-30T15:00 | 14.16 | -44.00 | 131 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S80W | 235 | S80W | 200.00 | -4 | EBS, SE, ESE | AM MODERATE PM LIGHT WINDS | AM CLOUDY 8AN FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99028 | ||||
| 1823-12-31T15:00 | 14.83 | -49.83 | 88 | 2.6 | BARBADOS | S79W | 173 | S79W | 150.00 | -2 | ESE, E, EBS | AM LIGHT BREEZES 4PM MODERATE | AM CLOUDY PM FINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99029 | ||||
| 1824-01-01T16:00 | 16.00 | -54.00 | 90 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S84W | 127 | S76W | 140.00 | 0 | ESE, CALM, E, NNE | AM LIGHT BREEZES NOON MODERATE PM LIGHT BREEZES 8PM LIGHT AIRS | AM FINE PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99030 | ||||
| 1824-01-02T16:00 | 15.00 | -56.00 | 101 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S89W | 97 | S89W | 110.00 | 0 | NNE, NE, EBS, VARIABLE, NE | AM LIGHT BREEZES 8AM MODERATE PM LIGHT BREEZES | PM SHOWERS OF LIGHT RAIN | CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99031 | |||
| 1824-01-03T16:00 | 14.17 | -58.17 | 92 | 6.7 | BARBADOS | S89W | 23 | S80 | 150.00 | 2 | NNE, E, NEBE, ESE | MODERATE | AM FINE PM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99032 | ||||
| 1824-01-04T00:00 | BRIDGETOWN | NNE1/2E | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99033 |