Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 33.915556 * Median Longitude: -75.072222 * South-bound Latitude: 32.200000 * West-bound Longitude: -77.850000 * North-bound Latitude: 37.080000 * East-bound Longitude: -73.170000

Date/Time Start: 1771-01-23T17:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1771-01-31T17:00:00

Event(s):

Fowey_17710123_NMM_ADM/L/F205 * Latitude Start: 31.830000 * Longitude Start: -77.920000 * Latitude End: 36.490000 * Longitude End: -74.180000 * Date/Time Start: 1771-01-23T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1771-01-31T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Fowey (6th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Charlestown - Norfolk Virginia, 1st Observer: Mark Robinson (Captain), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 24G 508BM

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
7	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
8	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
9	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
10	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
14	Present weather	ww		Weather description
15	Precipitation description	Precip descr
16	State of the sea description	State sea descr
17	Clearness	Clearness
18	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
19	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
20	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
21	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
22	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
24	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25	Comment	Comment
26	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

180 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 Landmark (Name of first landmark)	7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark)	8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark)	9 Course (Course of the ship during the...)	10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...)	11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	13 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	14 ww (Weather description)	15 Precip descr	16 State sea descr	17 Clearness	18 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported)	19 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	22 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...)	23 Hail (1 If hail was reported)	25 Comment	26 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1771-01-23T17:00	32.60	-77.85	47	6.7	CHARLES TOWN	W8N	34	E8S	104.00	2	NBW, NNW, NBE, NNE, NE	MODERATE				CLOUDY	0	0	0	0		96777
1771-01-24T17:00	32.20	-76.72	352	9.3	CHARLES TOWN	W13N	56	ESE	63.00	3	NEBN, NE, NEBE, NNE, N, NNW, NWBN, NNW, NBW	1PM MODERATE, AT 8 SQUALLY,, AT 4 SQUALLY, AT NOON FRESH BREEZES	AT 9 EXCEEDING STRONG FLASHES OF LIGHTNING WITH LOUD THUNDER	AT 9 HEAVY SHOWERS OF HAIL AND CONSTANT RAIN	AT 4 A LARGE SWELLING SEA, AT NOON A LARGE NW SWELL	1PM CLOUDY	1	1	1	1		96778
1771-01-25T17:00	32.50	-75.92	116	1.0	CHARLES TOWN	W5N	67	ENE1/4N	45.00	3	NWBN, NW, VARIABLE, NNW, N, NBE, E, CALM, ESE	STRONG GALES, AT 11 LITTLE WIND AND VARIABLE, AT 8AM LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS				CLOUDY	0	0	0	0		96779
1771-01-26T17:00	32.37	-75.32	329	2.6	CHARLES TOWN	W8S	78	NNE3/4E	59.00	3	EBS, NW, NW, NWBN	SQUALLY UNSETTLES WEATHER, AT 4PM VERY HEAVY SQUALLS, AT 5 IN A VERY HEAVY SQUALL SHIFTING FROM EBS TO WNW, AT 8 EXCEEDING STONG GALES,AT 12 LITTLE WIND		RAIN	AT 12 A NW SWELL		0	1	0	0		96780
1771-01-27T17:00	33.77	-74.42	326	22.6	CHARLES TOWN	W78:32N	94	NEBE1/2E	51.00	0	NNW, NW, NWBW, WBN, NNW, NWBN	STRONG GALES				CLOUDY	0	0	0	0		96781
1771-01-28T17:00	34.10	-73.69	360	19.0	CHARLES TOWN	W76:19N	107	NEBE	46.00	0	N, CALM, VARIABLE, W, NW, N	MODERATE WITH LIGHT AIRS, VARIABLE AND CALMS, MIDDLE SQUALLY, AT 8AM FRESH GALES		DRIZZLING RAIN		CLOUDY	0	1	0	0		96782
1771-01-29T17:00	34.57	-73.17	56	9.3	CHARLES TOWN	W71:31W	109	N	28.00	0	N, NNE, NE, NEBE	MODERATE WITH SQUALLS AT TIMES, AT NOON FRESH BREEZE			A LARGE NORTHERN SWELL	CLOUDY	0	0	0	0		96783
1771-01-30T17:00	36.05	-73.67	270	6.7	CAPE HENRY	W59S	42	N1/4W	67.00	0	SSW, SWBW, W, WBN, W	STRONG GALES AND SQUALLY, AT 4PM MORE MODERATE, AT 2AM FRESH GALES, AT 4 MODERATE		RAIN		AT 4 CLOUDY	0	1	0	0	a trivial correction was made in this observation	96784
1771-01-31T17:00	37.08	-74.89	270	9.3	CAPE HENRY	W67S	38	N1/4W	56.00	0	W, SSW, SWBW, WBN, W	STONG GALES AND SQUALLY, AT 4 MORE MODERATE, AT 4AM ECEEDING STRONG GALES, AT 8 FRESH BREEZES		RAIN		AT 8 CLOUDY	0	1	0	0		96785