García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during FOWEY cruise from Sandy Hook to Spithead started at 1763-04-04 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.749332, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 35.659118 * Median Longitude: -47.522647 * South-bound Latitude: 23.150000 * West-bound Longitude: -73.600000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.230000 * East-bound Longitude: -10.500000
Date/Time Start: 1763-04-04T17:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1763-05-07T13:00:00
Event(s):
Fowey_17630404_NMM_ADM/L/F206 * Latitude Start: 40.280000 * Longitude Start: -73.000000 * Latitude End: 50.680000 * Longitude End: -0.960000 * Date/Time Start: 1763-04-04T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1763-05-07T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Fowey (6th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Sandy Hook - Spithead, 1st Observer: G.A. Fonyn (Captain), 2nd Observer: Benjamin Runwa (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 24G 508BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 12 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 13 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 14 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 17 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 18 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 19 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 20 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 21 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 22 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 23 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 24 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 25 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
651 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 12 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 13 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 14 ww (Weather description) | 15 Precip descr | 16 State sea descr | 17 Clearness | 18 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 19 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 20 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 21 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 22 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 23 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 24 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 25 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1763-04-04T17:00 | 23.15 | -73.60 | 297 | 6.7 | WOODS KEYS | W1/2N | 7 | N39E | 35.00 | 4 | NW, W, WNW | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96847 | |||
| 1763-04-05T17:00 | 23.45 | -72.73 | 4 | 1.0 | LIZARD | NE | 1244 | ENE | 47.00 | 4 | WNW, NBE, N | MODERATE INCLINABLE TO CALM | VARIABLE | SOME RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96848 | ||
| 1763-04-06T17:00 | 23.82 | -72.17 | 318 | 6.7 | FRENCH KEYS | S56W | 15 | N61E | 41.00 | 3 | NBW, NBE, NW | FIRST AN LATTER MODERATE, MIDDLE CALM | CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96849 | |||
| 1763-04-07T17:00 | 24.60 | -71.03 | 362 | 6.7 | FRENCH KEYS | S58W | 65 | N49E | 75.00 | 3 | VARIABLE | MODERATE | SWELL FROM THE N | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96850 | ||
| 1763-04-08T17:00 | 25.50 | -70.10 | 251 | 6.7 | FRENCH KEYS | S56W | 89 | NE | 77.00 | 3 | WBN, W, WSW | FIRST AND LATTER MODERATE, MIDDLE LIGHT AIRS | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96851 | |||
| 1763-04-09T17:00 | 26.52 | -68.78 | 352 | FRENCH KEYS | S51W | 120 | N49E | 94.00 | 3 | NWBN, NBW | FIRST AND MID MODERATE, LATTER SQUALLY | LATTER RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96852 | ||||
| 1763-04-10T17:00 | 26.90 | -67.82 | 26 | FRENCH KEYS | S56W | 150 | N75E | 90.00 | 3 | NWBN, N, NNE | SQUALLY | SHOWERS OF RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96853 | ||||
| 1763-04-11T16:00 | 27.43 | -67.40 | 36 | 6.7 | FRENCH KEYS | S55W | 165 | N22E | 35.00 | 2 | NBE, NEBN | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96854 | |||
| 1763-04-12T16:00 | 28.52 | -66.93 | 146 | 6.7 | FRENCH KEYS | S48W | 173 | N21E | 70.00 | 0 | E, ESE, SEBS | FIRST AND LATTER MODERATE, MIDDLE LIGHT AIRS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96855 | ||||
| 1763-04-13T16:00 | 29.70 | -64.75 | 225 | 6.7 | FRENCH KEYS | S49W | 215 | N53E | 177.00 | 0 | SEBS, SBE, SW | MODERATE | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96856 | |||
| 1763-04-14T16:00 | 29.92 | -62.63 | 23 | 9.3 | FRENCH KEYS | S55W | 252 | E1/2N | 133.00 | 0 | SW, N, NNE | FRESH BREEZES | THUNDER AND LIGHTNING | RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 96857 | |
| 1763-04-15T16:00 | 29.70 | -61.80 | 43 | 9.3 | FRENCH KEYS | S56W | 262 | S73E | 46.00 | -2 | NNE, NEBE, NE | FRESH BREEZES | SOME RAIN | CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96858 | ||
| 1763-04-16T16:00 | 30.50 | -61.73 | 66 | 2.6 | FRENCH KEYS | S54W | 272 | N83E | 68.00 | -2 | EBN, EBS, ENE | FIRST AND MID FRESH GALES, LATTER LITTLE WINDS | GREAT SEA FROM THE NE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96859 | |||
| 1763-04-17T16:00 | 31.42 | -60.77 | 201 | 9.3 | FRENCH KEYS | S57W | 332 | N49E | 66.00 | -2 | SE, SSW | FIRST AND MID LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALM, LATTER FRESH BREEZES | SWELL FROM THE NE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96860 | |||
| 1763-04-18T16:00 | 31.90 | -57.82 | 336 | 19.0 | FRENCH KEYS | S59W | 380 | N79E | 153.00 | -2 | SWBW, NNW | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | SOME RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96861 | |||
| 1763-04-19T16:00 | 32.50 | -55.62 | 233 | 1.0 | FRENCH KEYS | S57W | 384 | N74E | 125.00 | -3 | N, NNW, SWBW | FIRST AND MID FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER LIGHT AIRS | SOME RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96862 | |||
| 1763-04-20T16:00 | 33.25 | -54.58 | 230 | 19.0 | FRENCH KEYS | S57W | 410 | N57E | 82.00 | -6 | NWBN, WNW, SWBW | LIGHT AIRS, MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES | SWELL FROM THE N | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96863 | ||
| 1763-04-21T15:00 | 34.70 | -51.97 | 297 | FRENCH KEYS | S56W | 452 | N66E | 116.00 | -7 | SWBW, NWBW | FIRST AND MID MODERATE, LATTER FAIR | CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96864 | ||||
| 1763-04-22T15:00 | 35.37 | -49.27 | 319 | FRENCH KEYS | S59W | 498 | N58E | 156.00 | -7 | WBN, WNW, NWBN | FRESH GALES, VERY HARD SQUALLS OF WIND | GREAT SEA FROM THE NW | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96865 | ||||
| 1763-04-23T15:00 | 36.75 | -46.32 | 307 | FRENCH KEYS | S61W | 556 | N61E | 168.00 | -8 | W, WNW, NW | FRESH GALES, VERY HARD SQUALLS OF WIND | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96866 | |||||
| 1763-04-24T15:00 | 38.48 | -44.05 | 236 | 19.0 | FRENCH KEYS | S59W | 601 | N48E | 155.00 | -12 | NW, WNW, WSW | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96867 | ||||
| 1763-04-25T15:00 | 40.08 | -40.32 | 202 | 19.0 | FRENCH KEYS | S59W | 674 | N61E | 198.00 | -12 | SW, SWBS | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96868 | |||
| 1763-04-26T14:00 | 41.73 | -35.27 | 190 | 19.0 | FRENCH KEYS | S60W | 761 | N67E | 223.00 | -13 | SW, SSW | FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96869 | |||
| 1763-04-27T14:00 | 42.38 | -33.27 | 257 | 2.6 | FRENCH KEYS | S60W | 793 | N67E | 126.00 | -13 | SSW, W | FIRST AND MIDDLE FRESH GALES, LATTER LITTLE WINDS | SOME RAIN | LATTER HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96870 | ||
| 1763-04-28T14:00 | 43.03 | -28.50 | 242 | 19.0 | FRENCH KEYS | S60W | 820 | ENE | 74.00 | -17 | W, S, SBE, WBS | LIGHT AIRS IN FIRST AND MIDDLE, LATTER FRESH GALES | HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96871 | |||
| 1763-04-29T14:00 | 45.93 | -26.75 | 5 | 6.7 | FRENCH KEYS | S61W | 886 | N73E | 183.00 | -18 | W, WBN, NNE | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATE | SHOWERS OF RAIN | LATTER CLOUDY | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96872 | ||
| 1763-04-30T14:00 | 44.30 | -24.75 | 5 | 19.0 | FRENCH KEYS | S61W | 927 | N75E | 89.00 | -18 | NNE, NNW, N, NNE | FIRST LIGHT BREEZES, MID AND LATTER FRESH GALES | SHOWERS OF RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96873 | |||
| 1763-05-01T14:00 | 44.72 | -22.70 | 331 | 6.7 | FRENCH KEYS | S62W | 962 | N76E | 95.00 | -18 | NBE, NNE, N, NBW | FRESH GALES, MID AND LATTER MODERATE | GREAT SEA FROM THE NE | CLOUDY MID AND LATTER CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96874 | ||
| 1763-05-02T13:00 | 45.23 | -20.85 | 151 | 19.0 | FRENCH KEYS | S62W | 991 | N67E | 86.00 | -18 | NBW, SSW, SBE | FIRST PART LITTLE WIND, LATTER FRESH GALES | SWELL FROM THE NE | LATTER HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96875 | ||
| 1763-05-03T13:00 | 46.33 | -19.05 | 275 | 19.0 | FRENCH KEYS | S62W | 1000 | N63E | 96.00 | -18 | SBE, SSE, SEBE, WNW | FIRST AND LATTER FRESH GALES, MIDDLE LITTLE WIND | RAIN | HAZY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96876 | ||
| 1763-05-04T13:00 | 47.72 | -19.08 | 59 | 19.0 | FRENCH KEYS | S63W | 1032 | NBW | 102.00 | -20 | SEBE, EBS, EBN | FRESH GALES AND SQUALLS | SHOWERS OF RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96877 | |||
| 1763-05-05T13:00 | 48.42 | -18.38 | 160 | 19.0 | FRENCH KEYS | S60W | 1064 | N54E | 51.00 | -20 | EBN, ENE, E, SW, S | FIRST AND MID MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLS | SHOWERS OF RAIN | SWELL FROM THE E | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96878 | ||
| 1763-05-06T13:00 | 49.23 | -14.48 | 318 | 22.6 | FRENCH KEYS | S61W | 1103 | N70E | 149.00 | -20 | S, SBW, SW, NW, NNW | STRONG GALES WITH HEAVY SQUALLS OF WIND | HEAVY SQUALLS OF RAIN | GREAT SEA FROM THE NW | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96879 | ||
| 1763-05-07T13:00 | 49.23 | -10.50 | 329 | 22.6 | FRENCH KEYS | S62W | 1163 | E | 180.00 | -20 | NW, NBW | STRONG GALES WITH HEAVY SQUALLS OF WIND | HEAVY SQUALLS OF RAIN | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96880 |