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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during ESSEX cruise from Spithead to Port Royal started at 1764-09-27 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.749224, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 28.923824 * Median Longitude: -29.755000 * South-bound Latitude: 16.320000 * West-bound Longitude: -60.150000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.550000 * East-bound Longitude: -4.200000
Date/Time Start: 1764-09-27T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1764-10-31T16:00:00
Event(s):
Essex_17640927_NMM_ADM/L/E144 * Latitude Start: 50.680000 * Longitude Start: -0.960000 * Latitude End: 17.870000 * Longitude End: -76.830000 * Date/Time Start: 1764-09-27T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1764-10-31T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Essex (3rd Rate Frigate), Voyage: Spithead - Port Royal, 1st Observer: George Falconer (Captain), 2nd Observer: Daniel Waudby (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 64G 1380BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1 DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
2 LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
3 LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
4 Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5 Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6 LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
7 BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
8 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
9 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
14 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
15 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
16 ClearnessClearness
17 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
18 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
19 FogFog1 If fog was reported
20 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
21 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
22 HailHail1 If hail was reported
23 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
24 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
662 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 
Date/Time		2 
Latitude		3 
Longitude		4 
dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)		5 
ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)		6 
Landmark
(Name of first landmark)		7 
Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)		8 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)		9 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)		10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)		11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)		12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)		13 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)		14 
Precip descr		15 
State sea descr		16 
Clearness		17 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)		18 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)		19 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)		20 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)		21 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)		22 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)		23 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)		24 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1764-09-27T00:003152.6CAPE LEHOGUESSW9N, NNE, NNW, NWLITTLE WINDHAZY000000090587
1764-09-28T12:0049.55-4.202519.0START POINTW30E44S30W22.00-20NEFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY000000090588
1764-09-29T12:0047.68-7.103619.0START POINTN43:30E68SW131.00-20NEBEFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY000000090589
1764-09-30T13:0045.53-8.2134119.0START POINTN34:00E111SBW3/4W176.00-19NFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY000000090590
1764-10-01T13:0043.28-10.102966.7START POINTN32:55E161SSW3/4W257.00-19NWMODERATERAINCLOUDY010000090591
1764-10-02T13:0041.52-11.3856.7START POINTN32:00E203SSW1/2W314.00-18NNEMODERATERAINCLOUDY010000090592
1764-10-03T13:0039.92-12.38506.7START POINTN31:14E239SSW1/4W360.00-18ENEMODERATERAINCLOUDY010000090593
1764-10-04T13:0039.93-13.08281.0START POINTN31:00E260SSW1/2W391.00-17NELIGHT AIRSFINE WEATHER000000090594
1764-10-05T13:0038.60-14.081631.0START POINTN32:45E274S67W438.00-17SLIGHT AIRSFINE WEATHER000000090595
1764-10-06T13:0039.17-14.8120819.0START POINTN36:07E272NW472.00-17SWFRESH GALESHAZY000000090596
1764-10-07T13:0039.32-16.461866.7START POINTN40:10E284N83W546.00-17SSWMODERATEHAZY WEATHER000000090597
1764-10-08T13:0038.93-16.812086.7START POINTN40:00E293SWBS561.00-17SWMODERATEHAZY WEATHER000000090598
1764-10-09T13:0038.38-16.882081.0START POINTN38:52E301S1/2W564.00-17SWLIGHT AIRSCLOUDY000000090599
1764-10-10T13:0037.08-17.38292.6START POINTN37:15E328SBW1/2W588.00-16NELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER000000090600
1764-10-11T13:0034.85-18.53302.6START POINTN35:35E375SSW643.00-15NELIGHT BREEZESCLEAR WEATHER000000090601
1764-10-12T13:0032.00-20.05549.3START POINTN34:20E434SSW1/4W719.00-14ENEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY WEATHER000000090602
1764-10-13T14:0029.68-23.163319.0START POINTN35:58E506SW869.00-12NEFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000090603
1764-10-14T14:0027.23-25.958019.0START POINTN37:00E514SW1016.00-10EFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000090604
1764-10-15T14:0025.30-28.566019.0START POINTN38:5E634SW1/2W1158.00-8ENEFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000090605
1764-10-16T14:0023.73-31.138219.0START POINTN39:22E685SWBW1299.00-8EFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000090606
1764-10-17T14:0022.48-33.7013019.0START POINTN40:45E735SWBW1/2W1440.00-5SEFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000090607
1764-10-18T14:0021.55-35.638519.0START POINTN41:52E772S64W1554.00-5EFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000090608
1764-10-19T15:0020.65-37.8317719.0START POINTN42:50E812SWBW3/4W1670.00-3SFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000090609
1764-10-20T15:0019.35-40.118719.0START POINTN43:30E855SBW1/4W1799.00-3EFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000090610
1764-10-21T15:0018.48-42.638919.0START POINTN44:48E897WSW1/4W1941.00-1EFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000090611
1764-10-22T15:0017.90-45.158919.0START POINTN46:13E935WBS1/4S2085.00-1EFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000090612
1764-10-23T15:0017.37-46.516819.0START POINTN46:45E961WSW2164.000ENEFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000090613
1764-10-24T15:0017.00-47.059019.0START POINTN46:53E971WSW2195.000EFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000090614
1764-10-25T15:0016.90-48.119219.0START POINTN47:21E987WBS1/4S2255.002EFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000090615
1764-10-26T15:0016.80-49.131371.0START POINTN47:54E1000W1/2S2315.002SELIGHT AIRSLARGE SWELL FORM THE NORTHWARDFINE WEATHER000000090616
1764-10-27T15:0016.83-50.53701.0START POINTN47:53E1026N89W2395.002ENELIGHT AIRSFINE WEATHER000000090617
1764-10-28T16:0016.73-52.63711.0START POINTN50:10E1059W1/4S2518.003ENELIGHT AIRSFINE WEATHER000000090618
1764-10-29T16:0016.60-54.63261.0START POINTN51:30E1081W1/4S2672.003NNELIGHT AIRSFINE WEATHER000000090619
1764-10-30T16:0016.32-57.63726.7START POINTN52:35E1118S83W2816.004ENEMODERATEFAIR000000090620
1764-10-31T16:0016.77-60.1549START POINTN55:40E1184N79W2959.004NESQUALLY WEATHERINTERMIXED WITH RAIN010000090621