García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during El Rayo cruise from Algeciras to Cádiz started at 1782-10-10 [dataset]. Archivo Museo Naval Madrid, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.749108, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 36.028571 * Median Longitude: -7.074286 * South-bound Latitude: 35.480000 * West-bound Longitude: -7.750000 * North-bound Latitude: 36.400000 * East-bound Longitude: -6.200000
Date/Time Start: 1782-10-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1782-10-27T00:00:00
Event(s):
El_Rayo_17821010_MS_1689 * Latitude Start: 36.070000 * Longitude Start: -5.370000 * Latitude End: 36.070000 * Longitude End: -6.730000 * Date/Time Start: 1782-10-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1782-10-27T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: El Rayo (Navío), Voyage: Algeciras - Cádiz, 1st Observer: Antonio Posadas (Capitan)
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 12 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 13 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 14 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 15 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 16 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 17 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 18 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 19 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 20 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 21 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 22 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 23 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 24 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 25 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
269 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 12 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 13 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 14 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 15 ww (Weather description) | 16 Precip descr | 17 State sea descr | 18 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 19 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 20 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 21 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 22 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 23 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 24 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 25 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1782-10-10T00:00 | 270 | 12.3 | O | FRESCO | ANOCHECIÓ CON VTO FRESCO (...) AMANECIÓ MUY ATURBONADO. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83919 | |||||||||||
| 1782-10-11T00:00 | 315 | 12.3 | (SE PREPARAN PARA COMBATE NAVAL) | NO | BASTANTE FRESCO | AMANECIÓ ATURBONADO, EL VTO NO FLOJO. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83920 | ||||||||||
| 1782-10-12T00:00 | 293 | 9.3 | ONO | FRESQUITO | EL VTO POR EL ONO FRESQUITO DEL MEDIODÍA CONTINUÓ TODA LA NOCHE Y ASÍ ESTABA AL AMANECER. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83921 | |||||||||||
| 1782-10-13T00:00 | 315 | 9.3 | TORRE MOLINOS | NE 1/4 E | NO | FRESQUITO | ANOCHECIÓ EL VTO AL ONO FLOJO (...) AMANECIÓ NUBLADO, VTO O FLOJO. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83922 | |||||||||
| 1782-10-14T00:00 | 135 | 4.6 | TORRE MOLINOS | NO 1/4 N | SE | FLOJO | AMANECIÓ NUBLADO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83923 | |||||||||
| 1782-10-15T00:00 | 113 | 4.6 | MONTE DE GIBRALTAR | ONO 5º O | 17 | S | ESE | FLOJO | ANOCHECIÓ ATURBONADO, VTO ESE FLOJO (...) AMANECIÓ NUBLADO, EL VTO ESE FRESCO. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83924 | |||||||
| 1782-10-16T00:00 | 135 | 12.3 | AL MEDIODÍA SE DESCUBRÍA LA COSTA PERO POR ESTAR BASTANTE CERRADO NO PODÍA DISTINGUIRSE NINGÚN PUNTO CONOCIDO DE ELLA | SE | BASTANTE FRESCO | ANOCHECIÓ EL CIELO Y HORIZ. CLAROS, EL VTO ESE BASTANTE FRESCO (...) AL AMANECER ESTABA NUBLADO, EL VTO POR EL SE FRESCO, LA MAR PICADA DE ÉL. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83925 | ||||||||||
| 1782-10-17T00:00 | 113 | 6.7 | ESE | BONANCIBLE | ANOCHECÓ CLARO, VTO O FLOJO, MAR LLANA (...) AMANECIÓ COMO ANOCHECIÓ. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83926 | |||||||||||
| 1782-10-18T00:00 | 113 | 12.3 | PUNTA DE LA MINA DE CEUTA | S | ESE | FRESCO | ANOCHECIÓ NUBLADO, MAR LLANA, VTO ESE FRESCO (...) AMANECIÓ CON BASTANTE NEBLINA, ESTANDO EL VTO POR EL ENE FRESCO. | BASTANTE AL AMANECER | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83927 | ||||||||
| 1782-10-19T13:00 | 35.88 | -7.63 | 71 | -19 | E | ANOCHECIÓ EL VTO FRESQUITO POR EL E (...) AMANECIÓ CLARO. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83928 | ||||||||||
| 1782-10-20T12:00 | 35.48 | -6.88 | 4 | 6.7 | O 1/4 SO | 39.50 | (DESCRIBE CON DETALLE LA SITUACIÓN CON RELACIÓN A LA ESCUADRA ENEMIGA INGLESA Y LAS MANIOBRAS DE COMBATE O DE PREPARACIÓN DEL MISMO.) | -19 | NNE | BONANCIBLE | AMANECIÓ (EL 21) CLARO, EL VTO NNE FLOJO | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83929 | ||||
| 1782-10-21T12:00 | 36.03 | -6.20 | 49 | 4.6 | N 1/4 NO | 49.50 | -19 | ENE | FLOJO | ANOCHECIÓ CLARO, MAR LLANA, VTO FLOJO (...) AMANECIÓ CLARO (...) VTO FRESQUITO, LA MAR PICADA DEL VTO. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83930 | ||||||
| 1782-10-22T12:00 | 36.20 | -6.37 | 94 | 4.6 | NNE | 12.75 | -19 | ESE | FLOJO | ANOCHECIÓ CLARO (...) AMANECIÓ NUBLADO. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83931 | ||||||
| 1782-10-23T12:00 | 36.18 | -7.17 | 26 | 4.6 | ESE | 39.25 | -19 | NE | FLOJO | LOS HORIZ. Y CIELOS HAN ESTADO CON ALGUNA CELAJ., EL VTO FLOJO. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83932 | ||||||
| 1782-10-24T13:00 | 36.03 | -7.75 | 4 | 6.7 | E 5º S | 35.00 | -19 | NNE | BONANCIBLE | EL VTO HA ESTADO BONANCIBLE, EL CIELO Y HORIZ. CON POCA CELAJ. LA MAR LLANA. | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83933 | |||||
| 1782-10-25T13:00 | 36.40 | -7.52 | 23 | 6.7 | MONTEFIGO | N 1/4 NO | SE 1/4 E | 26.00 | -19 | NE 1/4 N | BONANCIBLE | EL CIELO Y HORIZ., HAN ESTADO CLAROS, LA MAR LLANA Y EL VTO BONANCIBLE | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83934 | |||
| 1782-10-26T00:00 | 68 | N | ENE | EL CIELO Y HORIZ. HAN ESTADO CLAROS, LA MAR LLANA, EL VTO BONANCIBLE. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83935 | ||||||||||||
| 1782-10-27T00:00 | 3 | CASTILLO DE PUNTALES | N 50º E | EN DEMANDA DEL PUERTO DE CÁDIZ (...) QUEDAMOS FONDEADOS (...) E IGUALMENTE TODA LA ESCUADRA. | N 1/4 NE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 83936 |