García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during El Grimaldi cruise from La Habana to La Coruña started at 1787-02-11 [dataset]. Archivo General de Indias, Seville, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.748998, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 32.962545 * Median Longitude: -44.082545 * South-bound Latitude: 24.750000 * West-bound Longitude: -79.950000 * North-bound Latitude: 43.470000 * East-bound Longitude: -10.500000
Date/Time Start: 1787-02-11T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1787-04-08T13:00:00
Event(s):
El_Grimaldi_17870211_CORREOS_272A_R12 * Latitude Start: 23.200000 * Longitude Start: -81.400000 * Latitude End: 43.360000 * Longitude End: -8.360000 * Date/Time Start: 1787-02-11T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1787-04-08T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: El Grimaldi (Paquebote), Voyage: La Habana - La Coruña, 1st Observer: Capitan
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 7 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 8 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 9 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 10 | Current speed description | V descr | ||||
| 11 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 12 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 13 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 14 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 15 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 16 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 17 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 18 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 19 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 20 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 21 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 22 | Comment | Comment | ||||
| 23 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
882 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] | 5 ff [m/s] | 6 - | 7 Distance [arbitrary units] | 8 Decl [deg] | 9 Wind dir descr | 10 V descr | 11 Wind force descr | 12 ww | 13 Precip descr | 14 State sea descr | 15 Gusts | 16 Rain | 17 Fog | 18 Snow | 19 Thunder | 20 Hail | 21 Sea ice | 22 Comment | 23 ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1787-02-11T00:00 | 158 | 6.7 | 1 | SSE | BONANCIBLE | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CON NUBES | BELLA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76307 | |||||||
| 1787-02-12T00:00 | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS AL AMANECER | BELLA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76308 | ||||||||||||
| 1787-02-13T17:00 | 24.75 | -79.95 | 99 | 9.3 | 6 | E 1/4 SE | FRESQUITO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS AL AMANECER | BELLA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76309 | |||||
| 1787-02-14T17:00 | 25.47 | -79.57 | 119 | 6.7 | 88.00 | 6 | ESE | BENIGNO | BENIGNO | BENIGNA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76310 | ||||
| 1787-02-15T17:00 | 26.93 | -79.39 | 186 | 9.3 | 90.00 | 6 | S | 3.5 | FRESQUITO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS | BELLA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76311 | |||
| 1787-02-16T17:00 | 27.85 | -79.08 | 49 | 101.00 | 4 | NE | AMANECIO CON MAL SEMBLANTE, AGUAS MUY TORMENTOSAS | MUCHA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76312 | ||||||
| 1787-02-17T17:00 | 28.40 | -78.17 | 72 | 89.00 | 4 | ENE | DIA CONTRARIO Y BORRASCOSO, CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CUBIERTOS DE NUBES | PICADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76313 | ||||||
| 1787-02-18T17:00 | 29.47 | -77.62 | 117 | 4.6 | 72.00 | 4 | ESE | FLOJO | SEMBLANTE TODO EL DIA MUY FEO CON AGUAS FUERTES | FUERTE | ALTA Y REVENTADA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76314 | |||
| 1787-02-19T17:00 | 29.00 | -76.97 | 317 | 64.00 | 2 | NO | MAL SEMBLANTE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76315 | |||||||
| 1787-02-20T17:00 | 28.77 | -75.38 | 295 | 6.7 | 63.00 | 2 | ONO | APACIBLE | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS TODO EL DIA | PICADILLA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76316 | ||||
| 1787-02-21T17:00 | 29.75 | -72.85 | 295 | 9.3 | 135.00 | 2 | ONO | FRESQUITO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS, BUEN SEMBLANTE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76317 | |||||
| 1787-02-22T17:00 | 29.65 | -71.98 | 46 | 1.0 | 46.50 | 1 | NE | VENTOLINAS | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS | ALTERADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76318 | ||||
| 1787-02-23T17:00 | 30.07 | -70.53 | 181 | 9.3 | 94.00 | 1 | S | FRESQUITO | DIA TORMENTOSO DE AGUAS | PICADA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 76319 | |||
| 1787-02-24T17:00 | 29.90 | -68.53 | 316 | 98.00 | 1 | NO | VARIABLE | MALOS SEMBLANTES, PESADOS CHUBASCOS | PESADA | PICADA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76320 | ||||
| 1787-02-25T17:00 | 29.50 | -67.63 | 362 | 56.00 | 1 | VBE | VARIABLE | CIELOS CON NUBES Y HORIZONTES OFUSCADO | BELLA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76321 | |||||
| 1787-02-26T16:00 | 29.30 | -64.60 | 269 | -1 | O | VARIABLE Y FUGOSO | CIELOS ABIERTOS DE NUBES Y HORIZONTES AMENAZANTES DE LLUVIAS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76322 | |||||||
| 1787-02-27T16:00 | 29.18 | -63.23 | 157 | 1.0 | 77.00 | -1 | SSE | VARIABLE EN VENTOLINAS | CIELOS NUBULOSOS Y HORIZONTES DESPEJADOS | CONTRASTADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76323 | ||||
| 1787-02-28T16:00 | 29.13 | -60.60 | 222 | 23.5 | 138.00 | -3 | SO | MUY TORMENTOSO | AGUAS MUY TORMENTOSAS | MUY TORMENTOSA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76324 | ||||
| 1787-03-01T16:00 | 28.92 | -57.57 | 267 | 149.00 | -3 | O | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76325 | |||||||
| 1787-03-02T16:00 | 29.15 | -55.00 | 220 | 9.3 | 136.00 | -5 | SO | FRESQUITO | CIELOS CON NUBES Y HORIZONTES OFUSCADOS | ALTA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76326 | ||||
| 1787-03-03T15:00 | 29.40 | -52.33 | 287 | 12.3 | 140.00 | -6 | ONO | FRESCO | CIELOS CON NUBES Y HORIZONTES OFUSCADOS | ALTA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76327 | ||||
| 1787-03-04T15:00 | 29.47 | -51.22 | 219 | 4.6 | 58.00 | -6 | SO | FLOJO | CIELOS CLAROS Y HORIZONTES OFUSCADOS | SUMAMENTE GRUESA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76328 | ||||
| 1787-03-05T15:00 | 30.88 | -49.15 | 242 | 109.00 | -6 | OSO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS | BELLA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 76329 | |||||
| 1787-03-06T15:00 | 30.48 | -46.63 | 217 | 6.7 | 136.00 | -8 | SO | APACIBLE | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS | BELLA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76330 | ||||
| 1787-03-07T15:00 | 31.17 | -44.03 | 195 | 6.7 | 146.00 | -8 | SSO | APACIBLE | CIELOS TOLDADOS Y HORIZONTES OFUSCADOS | BELLA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76331 | ||||
| 1787-03-08T15:00 | 31.58 | -43.00 | 169 | 2.6 | 59.00 | -8 | S 1/4 SE | FLOJITO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS | BELLA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76332 | ||||
| 1787-03-09T15:00 | 32.02 | -42.07 | 215 | 2.6 | 54.00 | -10 | SO | CALMOSO | CIELOS CLAROS | MUY PICADA DEL SE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76333 | ||||
| 1787-03-10T15:00 | 32.33 | -40.95 | 305 | 2.6 | 60.00 | -10 | NO | VENTOLINAS CALMOSAS | CIELOS TOLDADOS PERO DE BUEN CARIZ | ALTERADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76334 | ||||
| 1787-03-11T15:00 | 31.60 | -39.02 | 13 | 9.3 | 108.00 | -10 | NNE | FRESQUITO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CON NUBES | ALTA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76335 | ||||
| 1787-03-12T15:00 | 32.27 | -39.37 | 80 | 2.6 | 54.00 | -10 | E | VENTOLINAS CALMOSAS | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES NUBOSOS Y CHUBASQUILLOS | POCA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76336 | ||||
| 1787-03-13T15:00 | 32.00 | -38.35 | 350 | 2.6 | 59.00 | -10 | N | CALMOSO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CON CHUBASCOS | PICADILLA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76337 | ||||
| 1787-03-14T15:00 | 32.67 | -39.23 | 55 | 30.9 | 71.50 | -13 | ENE | BORRASCOSO Y FUERTE | FUERTES CHUBASCOS | FUERTE | GRUESA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76338 | |||
| 1787-03-15T15:00 | 32.87 | -38.35 | 325 | 30.9 | 85.00 | -13 | NNO | BORRASCOSO | SEMBLANTES OSCUROS Y CONTINUOS CHUBASCOS | CONTINUA | MUY ALTA DEL NE | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76339 | |||
| 1787-03-16T14:00 | 33.87 | -36.12 | 301 | 15.4 | -14 | NO | FUERTE | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES MAS DESPEJADOS | REVENTADA Y GRUESA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76340 | |||||
| 1787-03-17T14:00 | 34.53 | -33.80 | 346 | 122.00 | -14 | N | CIELOS CLAROS Y HORIZONTES BENIGNOS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76341 | |||||||
| 1787-03-18T14:00 | 34.63 | -33.53 | 121 | 1.0 | 22.00 | -14 | SE | VENTOLINAS | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES YA CLAROS YA CON NUBES | ALTERADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76342 | ||||
| 1787-03-19T14:00 | 34.85 | -32.65 | 9 | 2.6 | 46.00 | -14 | NNE | CALMOSO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES OFUSCADOS Y CARGADOS DE CELAJERÍAS | MUY PICADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76343 | ||||
| 1787-03-20T14:00 | 34.62 | -30.67 | 97 | 98.00 | -16 | ESE | MUY FUGOSO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CUBIERTOS DE NUBES CON LLUVIAS | ALGO GRUESA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76344 | |||||
| 1787-03-21T14:00 | 33.78 | -29.17 | 29 | 6.7 | 90.00 | -16 | NE | FUGOSO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES TOLDADOS | PICADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76345 | ||||
| 1787-03-22T14:00 | 33.55 | -28.50 | 52 | 89.00 | -16 | ENE | VARIABLE Y FUGOSO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES TOLDADOS | BELLA, PICADA Y GRUESA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76346 | |||||
| 1787-03-23T14:00 | 34.75 | -29.25 | 74 | 81.50 | -16 | E | VARIABLE Y FUGOSO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES TOLDADOS DE DENSAS NUBES | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76347 | ||||||
| 1787-03-24T14:00 | 35.77 | -29.65 | 361 | 2.9 | 64.00 | -16 | CMA | VENTOLINAS MUY CALMOSAS | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES TOLDADOS DE NUBES DE LA PARTE DEL E, HUMEDAS Y LLUVIOSAS | BELLA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76348 | ||||
| 1787-03-25T14:00 | 35.85 | -28.35 | 7 | 15.4 | 72.00 | -16 | NNE | DURO | FUERTE AGUACERO DEL NNE, LUEGO AGUAS MENUDAS | BELLA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76349 | ||||
| 1787-03-26T14:00 | 35.55 | -26.33 | 6 | 22.6 | 105.00 | -17 | NNE | TORMENTOSO | FEOS SEMBLANTES POR EL 1º CUADRANTE CON AGUACEROS | GRUESA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76350 | ||||
| 1787-03-27T14:00 | 35.12 | -25.34 | 6 | 15.4 | 60.00 | -17 | NNE | FUERTE | DIA TORMENTOSO, FUERTES AGUACEROS | FUERTE | ALTA Y REVENTADA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76351 | |||
| 1787-03-28T14:00 | 34.90 | -25.45 | 343 | 15.4 | 56.00 | -17 | N | FUERTE Y TORMENTOSO | MUCHOS Y FUERTES AGUACEROS | ALTA Y REVENTADA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76352 | ||||
| 1787-03-29T14:00 | 35.48 | -23.73 | 343 | 6.7 | 60.00 | -17 | N | FUGOSO Y VARIABLE | SEMBLANTES MUY FEOS, OSCUROS Y ACHUBASCADOS | MUY ALTA Y REVENTADA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76353 | ||||
| 1787-03-30T13:00 | 36.10 | -21.99 | 320 | 97.00 | -18 | NNO | VARIABLE | SEMBLANTES MUY FEOS CON FUERTES AGUACEROS | FUERTE | MUY ALTA Y REVENTADA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76354 | ||||
| 1787-03-31T13:00 | 36.40 | -20.45 | 342 | 82.00 | -18 | N | MUY FUGOSO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES ATOLDADOS CON CHUBASCOS | CRECIDA Y REVENTADA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76355 | |||||
| 1787-04-01T13:00 | 37.28 | -19.30 | 5 | 84.00 | -18 | NNE | MUY VARIABLE Y FUGOSO | MUCHOS Y FUERTES CHUBASCOS | FUERTE | GRUESA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76356 | ||||
| 1787-04-02T13:00 | 38.32 | -18.45 | 228 | 81.00 | -20 | OSO | MUY VARIABLE | CHUBASCOS FUGOSOS | MUCHA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76357 | |||||
| 1787-04-03T13:00 | 40.18 | -17.94 | 273 | 30.9 | 116.00 | -20 | ONO | BORRASCOSO | FUERTES LLUVIAS | FUERTE | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76358 | ||||
| 1787-04-04T13:00 | 41.32 | -17.10 | 294 | 23.5 | 81.00 | -21 | NO | MUY TORMENTOSO | FUERTES AGUACEROS | FUERTE | ALTERADA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76359 | |||
| 1787-04-05T13:00 | 42.33 | -16.80 | 204 | 64.00 | -21 | SO | MUY FUGOSO Y FUERTE | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES DE MAL CARIZ | GRUESA Y REVENTADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76360 | |||||
| 1787-04-06T13:00 | 43.03 | -14.58 | 226 | 142.00 | -22 | OSO | DIA MUY VBE EN VIENTOS, LLUVIAS Y MAR | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76361 | |||||||
| 1787-04-07T13:00 | 43.33 | -12.54 | 316 | 15.4 | 154.00 | -22 | NNO | FUERTE | CIELO NUBLADO CON MUCHOS Y REPETIDOS AGUACEROS MUY FUERTES | FUERTE | REVENTADA Y ALTA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76362 | |||
| 1787-04-08T13:00 | 43.47 | -10.50 | 338 | 15.4 | 33.00 | -22 | N | FRESCACHON | HORIZONTES AHUMADOS Y AGUACERADOS | ALTA Y REVENTADA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76363 |