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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during El Grimaldi cruise from La Coruña to La Habana started at 1786-11-04 [dataset]. Archivo General de Indias, Seville, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.748997, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 26.173939 * Median Longitude: -33.044848 * South-bound Latitude: 17.880000 * West-bound Longitude: -64.650000 * North-bound Latitude: 43.430000 * East-bound Longitude: -10.730000
Date/Time Start: 1786-11-05T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1786-12-27T00:00:00
Event(s):
El_Grimaldi_17861104_CORREOS_272A_R12 * Latitude Start: 43.360000 * Longitude Start: -8.360000 * Latitude End: 23.200000 * Longitude End: -81.400000 * Date/Time Start: 1786-11-05T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1786-12-27T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: El Grimaldi (Paquebote), Voyage: La Coruña - La Habana, 1st Observer: Capitan
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
2LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
3LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
4Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
7DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
8CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
9DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
10Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
11Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
12Present weatherwwWeather description
13Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
14State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
15GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
16Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
17FogFog1 If fog was reported
18Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
19ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
20HailHail1 If hail was reported
21Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
22IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
663 data points

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