Not logged in
PANGAEA.
Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during El Grimaldi cruise from La Habana to La Coruña started at 1774-12-14 [dataset]. Archivo General de Indias, Seville, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.748984, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

RIS CitationBibTeX CitationShow MapGoogle Earth

Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 36.708056 * Median Longitude: -45.840278 * South-bound Latitude: 24.380000 * West-bound Longitude: -80.910000 * North-bound Latitude: 43.700000 * East-bound Longitude: -10.500000
Date/Time Start: 1774-12-14T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1775-01-22T00:00:00
Event(s):
El_Grimaldi_17741214_CORREOS_272A_R7 * Latitude Start: 23.200000 * Longitude Start: -81.400000 * Latitude End: 43.360000 * Longitude End: -8.360000 * Date/Time Start: 1774-12-14T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1775-01-22T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: El Grimaldi (Paquebote), Voyage: La Habana - La Coruña, 1st Observer: Capitan
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1 DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
2 LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
3 LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
4 Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5 Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
7 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
8 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
9 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
10 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
11 Present weatherwwWeather description
12 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
13 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
14 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
15 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
16 FogFog1 If fog was reported
17 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
18 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
19 HailHail1 If hail was reported
20 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
21 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
555 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 
Date/Time		2 
Latitude		3 
Longitude		4 
dd [deg]		5 
ff [m/s]		6 
-		7 
Distance [arbitrary units]		8 
Decl [deg]		9 
Wind dir descr		10 
Wind force descr		11 
ww		12 
Precip descr		13 
State sea descr		14 
Gusts		15 
Rain		16 
Fog		17 
Snow		18 
Thunder		19 
Hail		20 
Sea ice		21 
ID
1774-12-14T00:00901E000000077022
1774-12-15T00:00901E000000077023
1774-12-16T00:00681ENE000000077024
1774-12-17T17:0024.38-80.919667.006E000000077025
1774-12-18T17:0025.25-79.567473.006ENE000000077026
1774-12-19T17:0028.00-79.61139118.004SE000000077027
1774-12-20T17:0028.97-79.503196.7115.004NOBONANCIBLECIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOSPICADA000000077028
1774-12-21T17:0028.90-76.63318114.003NO000000077029
1774-12-22T17:0028.23-74.884892.003NEHORIZONTES CARGADOS Y AGUACERADOS EXPERIMENTANDO VARIOS CHUBASCOS010000077030
1774-12-23T17:0029.07-74.47716.751.003ENEBONANCIBLEHORIZONTES CLAROSBELLA000000077031
1774-12-24T17:0030.12-72.57161121.003SSE000000077032
1774-12-25T17:0030.95-70.321366.7126.001SEBONANCIBLEHORIZONTES PARDOSPICADA DEL S000000077033
1774-12-26T16:0032.68-67.4515415.4174.00-4SSEFUERTEREPETIDOS CHUBASCOSREPETIDACRECIDA010000077034
1774-12-27T16:0033.28-64.734115.4151.00-4NEFUERTEHORIZONTES MUY CARGADOS Y AGUACERADOS EXPERIMENTANDO VARIOS CHUBASCOS Y REPETIDOS RELAMPAGOSCRECIDA010010077035
1774-12-28T16:0033.73-64.488672.00-4E000000077036
1774-12-29T16:0035.00-61.6219812.3159.00-5SSOFRESCOCRECIDA000000077037
1774-12-30T16:0035.72-58.328512.3168.00-5EFRESCOHORIZONTES AGUACERADOSCRECIDA010000077038
1774-12-31T16:0035.88-55.4824112.3-7OSOFRESCOHORIZONTES CARGADOSCRECIDA000000077039
1775-01-01T16:0036.22-52.652186.7-7SOBONANCIBLEHORIZONTES ACHUBASCADOSCRECIDA010000077040
1775-01-02T15:0036.58-49.7017218.00-8SCONTINUOS CHUBASCOSCONTINUA010000077041
1775-01-03T15:0037.25-46.4530515.4162.00-10NOFUERTECHUBASCOS MUY FUERTESFUERTE010000077042
1775-01-04T15:0037.50-43.9877139.00-13E000000077043
1775-01-05T15:0037.82-42.9514563.00-13SSE000000077044
1775-01-06T15:0038.90-40.653014.6-14NOFLOJO000000077045
1775-01-07T15:0040.67-38.05211165.00-14SOCRECIDA000000077046
1775-01-08T14:0041.32-33.73233208.00-15OSOEN FUGADASHORIZONTES AGUACERADOSMUY CRECIDA010000077047
1775-01-09T14:0041.58-30.1823215.4169.00-16OSOFUERTECHUBASCOSCRECIDA010000077048
1775-01-10T14:0041.65-28.1816485.00-16SGRAN CHUBASCOGRANDE010000077049
1775-01-11T14:0040.90-24.10298195.00-17NO000000077050
1775-01-12T13:0041.72-21.3329715.4150.00-18NOMUY FRESCOCRECIDA000000077051
1775-01-13T13:0042.38-20.481404.653.00-18SSEFLOJO000000077052
1775-01-14T13:0043.65-18.9313715.4139.00-21SSEMEDIANAMENTE FUERTEHORIZONTES PARDOSCRECIDA000000077053
1775-01-15T13:0043.70-17.322940.041.00-21NOCALMA000000077054
1775-01-16T13:0043.18-16.68922.652.00-21ESECALMOSOHORIZONTES PARDOS000000077055
1775-01-17T13:0043.22-15.3218216.3100.00-21SSOMUY FUERTEHORIZONTES AGUACERADOS EXPERIMENTANDO VARIOS CHUBASCOSPICADA010000077056
1775-01-18T13:0043.20-13.2515912.399.00-21SFRESCOALGUNOS CHUBASCOS010000077057
1775-01-19T13:0043.53-13.0220412.399.00-21SOFRESCOAGUACEROS010000077058
1775-01-20T13:0043.03-12.2720450.00-21SOCONTINUOS AGUACEROS. CERRAZONCONTINUA010000077059
1775-01-21T13:0043.33-10.5029493.00-21NOCARGADO DE NUBES000000077060
1775-01-22T00:002931ONO000000077061