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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during El Grimaldi cruise from La Coruña to La Habana started at 1774-09-02 [dataset]. Archivo General de Indias, Seville, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.748983, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 28.366944 * Median Longitude: -37.583889 * South-bound Latitude: 18.120000 * West-bound Longitude: -69.650000 * North-bound Latitude: 43.920000 * East-bound Longitude: -9.070000
Date/Time Start: 1774-09-03T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1774-10-23T00:00:00
Event(s):
El_Grimaldi_17740902_CORREOS_272A_R7 * Latitude Start: 43.360000 * Longitude Start: -8.360000 * Latitude End: 23.200000 * Longitude End: -81.400000 * Date/Time Start: 1774-09-03T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1774-10-23T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: El Grimaldi (Paquebote), Voyage: La Coruña - La Habana, 1st Observer: Capitan
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
1 DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
2 LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
3 LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
4 Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5 Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6 LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
7 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
8 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
9 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
10 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
14 Present weatherwwWeather description
15 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
16 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
17 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
18 FogFog1 If fog was reported
19 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
20 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
21 HailHail1 If hail was reported
22 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
23 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
669 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 
Date/Time		2 
Latitude		3 
Longitude		4 
dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)		5 
ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)		6 
Landmark
(Name of first landmark)		7 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)		8 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)		9 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)		10 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)		11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)		12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)		13 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)		14 
ww
(Weather description)		15 
State sea descr		16 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)		17 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)		18 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)		19 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)		20 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)		21 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)		22 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)		23 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1774-09-03T13:0043.67-9.072130.00-21NNE000000076976
1774-09-04T13:0043.92-10.6522.65.00-21NNEFLOJITO000000076977
1774-09-05T13:0043.00-12.13246.783.00-21NEBONANCIBLEHORIZONTES PARDOSBELLA000000076978
1774-09-06T13:0042.23-13.53266.772.00-19NEBONANCIBLEHORIZONTES PARDOSBELLA000000076979
1774-09-07T13:0041.33-14.803414.675.00-19NFLOJOHORIZONTES CLAROSBELLA000000076980
1774-09-08T13:0040.70-15.032294.633.00-19OSOFLOJO000000076981
1774-09-09T13:0039.65-16.272964.685.00-19NOFLOJOCIELOS PARDOSBELLA000000076982
1774-09-10T13:0039.65-16.873192.938.00-19NNOMUY FLOJO000000076983
1774-09-11T13:0038.10-17.853424.670.00-18NFLOJOHORIZONTES CLAROSBELLA000000076984
1774-09-12T13:0036.70-19.823436.7126.00-17NBONANCIBLEHORIZONTES CLAROSBELLA000000076985
1774-09-13T13:0035.83-21.472986.7107.00-17NOBONANCIBLEHORIZONTES PARDOSBELLA000000076986
1774-09-14T14:0034.10-23.50306.7134.00-15NEBONANCIBLECIELOS Y HORIZONTES ALGO AGUACERADOSBELLA010000076987
1774-09-15T14:0032.68-25.58306.7135.00-15NEBENIGNOCIELOS Y HORIZONTES AGUACERADOSBELLA010000076988
1774-09-16T14:0031.32-27.47776.7122.00-13EAPACIBLEHORIZONTES ALGO AGUACERADOSBELLA010000076989
1774-09-17T14:0030.18-29.25566.7116.00-12ENEBONANCIBLEHORIZONTES ALGO AGUACERADOSBELLA010000076990
1774-09-18T14:0029.08-31.03566.7115.00-12ENEBONANCIBLEHORIZONTES PARDOSBELLA000000076991
1774-09-19T14:0028.07-32.78584.654.00-10ENEFLOJOHORIZONTES CLAROSBELLA000000076992
1774-09-20T14:0027.55-33.82584.665.00-10ENEFLOJOHORIZONTES AGUACERADOS POR EL 2º Y 4º CUADRANTESBELLA000000076993
1774-09-21T14:0026.52-35.13606.792.00-8ENEAPACIBLEHORIZONTES CLAROSBELLA000000076994
1774-09-22T15:0025.00-38.7562165.00-6ENEHORIZONTES OFUSCADO000000076995
1774-09-23T15:0023.48-40.7484176.00-6EHORIZONTES AGUACERADOS. VARIOS CHUBASCOSPICADA010000076996
1774-09-24T15:0022.10-43.618812.3168.00-2EFRESCOHORIZONTES AGUACERADOSPICADA010000076997
1774-09-25T15:0021.28-46.3188146.00-2E000000076998
1774-09-26T15:0020.38-48.45906.7121.000EAPACIBLEHORIZONTES ALGO AGUACERADOSBELLA010000076999
1774-09-27T15:0019.67-50.54684.6117.000ENEFLOJOHORIZONTES ACHUBASCADOSBELLA010000077000
1774-09-28T16:0018.95-52.62914.6116.001EFLOJOHORIZONTES AGUACERADOSBELLA010000077001
1774-09-29T16:0018.18-54.83916.7129.001EAPACIBLEHORIZONTES ALGO AGUACERADOSBELLA010000077002
1774-09-30T16:0018.18-57.05694.6114.001ENEFLOJOHORIZONTES CLAROSBELLA000000077003
1774-10-01T16:0018.18-58.99934.698.003EFLOJOHORIZONTES CLAROSBELLA000000077004
1774-10-02T16:0018.23-60.46934.670.003EFLOJOHORIZONTES ATURBONADOS POR TODAS PARTESBELLA000000077005
1774-10-03T16:0018.22-62.08934.680.003EFLOJOHORIZONTES ATURBONADOS EXPERIMENTANDO VARIOS RELAMPAGOSBELLA000010077006
1774-10-04T16:0018.18-63.837285.004ENETURBONADA000000077007
1774-10-05T16:0018.12-64.509412.325.004EFRESCOVARIOS CHUBASCOS CON TRUENOS Y RELAMPAGOS010010077008
1774-10-06T16:0019.03-65.8394106.004E000000077009
1774-10-12T00:002251SALE DE PUERTO RICO. DATOS DE TODO EL DIA.SO000000077010
1774-10-13T17:0020.05-68.7323012.363.005SOFRESCOTURBONADACRECIDA000000077011
1774-10-14T17:0019.70-69.6520812.389.005SSOFRESCOVARIOS AGUACERADOS, TRUENOS Y RELAMPAGOSCRECIDA010010077012
1774-10-15T00:001351SE000000077013
1774-10-16T00:001ENTRA Y SALE DE MONTECRISTI. DATOS DE TODO EL DIA.000000077014
1774-10-17T00:0068PUNTA MAYSI9ENE000000077015
1774-10-18T00:006878.00ENE000000077016
1774-10-19T00:0045CAYO ROMANO1NE000000077017
1774-10-20T00:002012.320FRESCO000000077018
1774-10-21T00:0045CAYO GUILLERMO465.00NE000000077019
1774-10-22T00:00454.688.00NEFLOJOHORIZONTES ALGO CARGADOSBELLA000000077020
1774-10-23T00:001351LLEGA A LA HABANA. DATOS DE TODO EL DIA.SE000000077021