García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during El Grimaldi cruise from La Habana to La Coruña started at 1767-08-23 [dataset]. Archivo General de Indias, Seville, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.748974, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 36.001522 * Median Longitude: -47.245652 * South-bound Latitude: 23.920000 * West-bound Longitude: -82.210000 * North-bound Latitude: 43.180000 * East-bound Longitude: -10.000000
Date/Time Start: 1767-08-24T11:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1767-10-08T07:00:00
Event(s):
El_Grimaldi_17670823_CORREOS_272A_R4 * Latitude Start: 23.200000 * Longitude Start: -81.400000 * Latitude End: 43.360000 * Longitude End: -8.360000 * Date/Time Start: 1767-08-24T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1767-10-08T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: El Grimaldi (Paquebote), Voyage: La Habana - La Coruña, 1st Observer: Capitan
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 7 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 8 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 9 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 10 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 11 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 12 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 13 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 14 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 15 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 16 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 17 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 18 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 19 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 20 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
605 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] | 5 ff [m/s] | 6 Distance [arbitrary units] | 7 Decl [deg] | 8 Wind dir descr | 9 Wind force descr | 10 ww | 11 Precip descr | 12 State sea descr | 13 Gusts | 14 Rain | 15 Fog | 16 Snow | 17 Thunder | 18 Hail | 19 Sea ice | 20 ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1767-08-24T11:00 | 23.92 | -82.21 | 118 | 48.00 | 5 | ESE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76766 | |||||
| 1767-08-25T11:00 | 24.80 | -81.57 | 73 | 108.00 | 5 | ENE | HORIZONTES OSCUROS CON SEMBLANTES ATURBONADOS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76767 | ||||
| 1767-08-26T11:00 | 24.70 | -80.60 | 73 | 5 | ENE | HORIZONTES MUY OSCUROS CON SEMBLANTES ATURBONADOS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76768 | |||||
| 1767-08-27T11:00 | 25.35 | -80.01 | 73 | 95.00 | 5 | ENE | HORIZONTES OSCUROS Y SEMBLANTE ATURBONADO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76769 | ||||
| 1767-08-28T11:00 | 26.43 | -79.46 | 185 | 26.00 | 5 | S | HORIZONTES CLAROS CON SEMBLANTE SERENO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76770 | ||||
| 1767-08-29T11:00 | 28.27 | -80.06 | 297 | 2.6 | 52.00 | 4 | ONO | CALMOSO | TURBONADA POR LA NOCHE. AMANECIO CON LOS HORIZONTES OSCUROS Y SEMBLANTES DE MUCHAS AGUAS | MUCHA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76771 | |
| 1767-08-30T11:00 | 30.10 | -77.92 | 207 | 85.00 | 4 | SSO | HORIZONTES OSCUROS Y SEMBLANTE DE AGUA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76772 | ||||
| 1767-08-31T11:00 | 30.67 | -76.09 | 340 | 101.00 | 2 | NNO | HORIZONTES OSCUROS CON SEMBLANTE ATURBONADO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76773 | ||||
| 1767-09-01T11:00 | 30.30 | -74.44 | 25 | 101.00 | 2 | NNE | HORIZONTES OSCUROS Y SEMBLANTES ATURBONADOS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76774 | ||||
| 1767-09-02T11:00 | 29.92 | -73.97 | 182 | 24.00 | 2 | S | HORIZONTES OSCUROS CON SEMBLANTE ATURBONADO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76775 | ||||
| 1767-09-03T11:00 | 30.55 | -72.11 | 181 | 114.00 | 1 | S | HORIZONTES CLAROS Y SEMBLANTE SERENO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76776 | ||||
| 1767-09-04T11:00 | 31.62 | -69.26 | 159 | 160.00 | 1 | SSE | HORIZONTES CLAROS Y SEMBLANTE SERENO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76777 | ||||
| 1767-09-05T11:00 | 32.03 | -68.37 | 136 | 51.00 | 1 | SE | HORIZONTES OSCUROS Y SEMBLANTE ATURBONADO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76778 | ||||
| 1767-09-06T10:00 | 32.62 | -67.39 | 221 | 61.00 | -4 | SO | HORIZONTES CLAROS Y SEMBLANTE SERENO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76779 | ||||
| 1767-09-07T10:00 | 33.82 | -65.37 | 221 | 131.00 | -4 | SO | HORIZONTES CLAROS Y SEMBLANTE SERENO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76780 | ||||
| 1767-09-08T10:00 | 34.10 | -63.84 | 154 | 85.00 | -4 | SSE | HORIZONTES CLAROS Y SEMBLANTE SERENO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76781 | ||||
| 1767-09-09T10:00 | 34.58 | -61.68 | 243 | 131.00 | -5 | OSO | HORIZONTES OSCUROS CON SEMBLANTE DE TURBON | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76782 | ||||
| 1767-09-10T10:00 | 35.40 | -59.47 | 220 | 118.00 | -5 | SO | HORIZONTES NUBLADOS CON SEMBLANTES DE AGUAS | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76783 | ||||
| 1767-09-11T10:00 | 36.25 | -57.05 | 197 | 128.00 | -6 | SSO | HORIZONTES OSCUROS CON SEMBLANTES ACHUBASCADOS | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76784 | ||||
| 1767-09-12T10:00 | 36.42 | -56.27 | 354 | 56.00 | -6 | N | HORIZONTES ENFOSCADOS Y CON SEMBLANTES ATURBONADOS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76785 | ||||
| 1767-09-13T10:00 | 37.35 | -53.70 | 242 | 135.00 | -6 | OSO | HORIZONTES ENFOSCADOS Y SEMBLANTES DE AGUAS | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76786 | ||||
| 1767-09-14T09:00 | 37.93 | -49.93 | 237 | 181.00 | -11 | OSO | HORIZONTES OSCUROS CON SEMBLANTES DE CHUBASCOS | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76787 | ||||
| 1767-09-15T09:00 | 38.43 | -47.33 | 348 | 129.00 | -12 | N | HORIZONTES CLAROS Y SEMBLANTES SERENO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76788 | ||||
| 1767-09-16T09:00 | 38.28 | -44.50 | 11 | 149.00 | -12 | NNE | HORIZONTES OSCUROS CON SEMBLANTE BRISADO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76789 | ||||
| 1767-09-17T09:00 | 37.92 | -43.30 | 326 | 55.00 | -12 | NNO | HORIZONTES OSCUROS CON SEMBLANTE ATURBONADO | GORDA DEL N | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76790 | |||
| 1767-09-18T09:00 | 38.95 | -40.43 | 302 | 145.00 | -13 | NO | HORIZONTES ENFOSCADOS CON SEMBLANTE OSCURO Y LLUVIOSO. CHUBASCOS | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76791 | ||||
| 1767-09-19T09:00 | 39.33 | -37.67 | 325 | 129.00 | -13 | NNO | HORIZONTES ENFOSCADOS CON SEMBLANTES ACHUBASCADOS | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76792 | ||||
| 1767-09-20T08:00 | 40.40 | -34.75 | 279 | 139.00 | -14 | ONO | MAL SEMBLANTE | GORDA DEL NO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76793 | |||
| 1767-09-21T08:00 | 40.98 | -32.13 | 345 | 118.00 | -15 | N | HORIZONTES NUBLADOS Y CON SEMBLANTE SERENO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76794 | ||||
| 1767-09-22T08:00 | 41.12 | -31.25 | 30 | 41.00 | -15 | NE | HORIZONTES CLAROS Y SEMBLANTE SERENO | GORDA DEL N | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76795 | |||
| 1767-09-23T08:00 | 41.18 | -30.18 | 143 | 51.00 | -15 | SSE | HORIZONTES CLAROS CON SEMBLANTE SERENO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76796 | ||||
| 1767-09-24T08:00 | 41.95 | -27.02 | 164 | 142.00 | -16 | S | HORIZONTES CLAROS CON SEMBLANTE SERENO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76797 | ||||
| 1767-09-25T08:00 | 42.15 | -25.74 | 164 | 70.00 | -16 | S | HORIZONTES CLAROS Y SEMBLANTE SERENO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76798 | ||||
| 1767-09-26T08:00 | 42.50 | -25.40 | 7 | 20.00 | -16 | NNE | HORIZONTES NUBLADOS. SEMBLANTE DE NEBLINA | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76799 | ||||
| 1767-09-27T08:00 | 41.83 | -24.21 | 52 | 85.00 | -16 | ENE | HORIZONTES NUBLADOS Y SEMBLANTE DE BRISA | GORDA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76800 | |||
| 1767-09-28T08:00 | 40.37 | -23.44 | 97 | 70.00 | -16 | ESE | HORIZONTES OSCUROS, SEMBLANTE BRISADO | GORDA DEL E | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76801 | |||
| 1767-09-29T08:00 | 40.85 | -23.33 | 97 | 64.00 | -16 | ESE | HORIZONTES OSCUROS Y SEMBLANTES ATURBONADOS | GORDA DEL E | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76802 | |||
| 1767-09-30T07:00 | 41.07 | -22.38 | 6 | 45.00 | -17 | NNE | HORIZONTES OSCUROS, SEMBLANTE DE CHUBASCOS | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76803 | ||||
| 1767-10-01T07:00 | 40.68 | -22.10 | 6 | 68.00 | -17 | NNE | HORIZONTES OSCUROS, SEMBLANTE BRISADO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76804 | ||||
| 1767-10-02T07:00 | 39.48 | -19.45 | 6 | 60.00 | -17 | NNE | HORIZONTES ENFOSCADOS, MAL SEMBLANTE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76805 | ||||
| 1767-10-03T07:00 | 38.58 | -18.14 | 28 | 84.00 | -17 | NE | HORIZONTES ENFOSCADOS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76806 | ||||
| 1767-10-04T07:00 | 38.60 | -16.57 | 5 | 91.00 | -18 | NNE | HORIZONTES OSCUROS CON SEMBLANTE ATURBONADO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76807 | ||||
| 1767-10-05T07:00 | 39.48 | -15.13 | 320 | 90.00 | -18 | NNO | HORIZONTES CUBIERTOS DE NUBES GORDAS | BASTANTE GORDA DEL N | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76808 | |||
| 1767-10-06T07:00 | 39.68 | -15.08 | 162 | 14.00 | -18 | S | HORIZONTES CLAROS CON SEMBLANTE SERENO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76809 | ||||
| 1767-10-07T07:00 | 41.95 | -13.00 | 207 | 158.00 | -18 | SO | HORIZONTES NUBLADOS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76810 | ||||
| 1767-10-08T07:00 | 43.18 | -10.00 | 160 | 157.00 | -20 | S | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 76811 |