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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during El Cortes cruise from Montevideo to La Coruña started at 1781-02-08 [dataset]. Archivo General de Indias, Seville, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.748887, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 8.077011 * Median Longitude: -29.370000 * South-bound Latitude: -36.900000 * West-bound Longitude: -52.270000 * North-bound Latitude: 43.770000 * East-bound Longitude: -8.360000
Date/Time Start: 1781-02-08T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1781-05-19T21:00:00
Event(s):
El_Cortes_17810208_CORREOS_194B_R7 * Latitude Start: -35.970000 * Longitude Start: -55.650000 * Latitude End: 43.360000 * Longitude End: -8.360000 * Date/Time Start: 1781-02-08T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1781-05-19T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: El Cortes (Fragata Correo), Voyage: Montevideo - La Coruña, 1st Observer: José de Las Casas (Capitan)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
10 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
12 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
13 Present weatherwwWeather description
14 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
15 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
16 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
17 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
18 FogFog1 If fog was reported
19 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
20 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
21 HailHail1 If hail was reported
22 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
23 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1569 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]

ff [m/s]

-

Watch

Glasses

Distance [arbitrary units]
10 
Decl [deg]
11 
Wind dir descr
12 
Wind force descr
13 
ww
14 
Precip descr
15 
State sea descr
16 
Gusts
17 
Rain
18 
Fog
19 
Snow
20 
Thunder
21 
Hail
22 
Sea ice
23 
ID
1781-02-08T00:003609.31PV8NFRESQUITOCARGADOS NEBLINAALGO PICADA001000072239
1781-02-09T00:001136.71PV8ESEBONANCIBLELLANA000000072240
1781-02-10T00:001132.61PV8ESECALMOSOLLANA000000072241
1781-02-11T23:00-36.20-52.27145PV8121.0013SE 1/4 EPICADA000000072242
1781-02-12T23:00-36.48-49.32169.3PV8127.0013N 1/4 NEFRESQUITOPICADA000000072243
1781-02-13T23:00-36.90-46.82156.7PV8124.0012N 1/4 NEBONANCIBLELLANA000000072244
1781-02-14T23:00-36.62-44.30126.7PV812NBONANCIBLELLANA000000072245
1781-02-15T23:00-36.33-41.7899.3PV8164.009NFRESQUITOLLANA000000072246
1781-02-16T23:00-35.23-38.632579.3PV8173.009OSOFRESQUITOALGO PICADA000000072247
1781-02-17T22:00-33.35-37.101396.7PV8124.007SE 1/4 EBONANCIBLEPICADA000000072248
1781-02-18T22:00-33.12-36.37309.3PV839.007NNEFRESQUITOPICADA000000072249
1781-02-19T22:00-33.50-34.58496.7PV891.007NE 1/4 NBONANCIBLECARGADOS NEBLINAPICADA001000072250
1781-02-20T22:00-32.80-32.083229.3PV8132.004NO 1/4 NFRESQUITOPICADA000000072251
1781-02-21T22:00-31.82-30.753186.7PV8112.003NOBONANCIBLELLANA000000072252
1781-02-22T22:00-30.20-30.322516.7PV869.003OSOBONANCIBLELLANA000000072253
1781-02-23T22:00-28.85-29.533416.7PV892.003NNOBONANCIBLEALGO PICADA000000072254
1781-02-24T22:00-26.85-28.871816.7PV8124.001SBONANCIBLELLANA000000072255
1781-02-25T22:00-25.43-28.53889.3PV885.001E 1/4 NEFRESQUITOCHUBASCOS DE AGUAS Y VIENTOSALGO PICADA010000072256
1781-02-26T22:00-24.38-27.831149.3PV8854.001ESEFRESQUITOPICADA000000072257
1781-02-27T22:00-23.22-27.6744.6PV845.001N 1/4 NEFLOJOALGO PICADA000000072258
1781-02-28T22:00-22.22-27.75456.7PV870.000NEBONANCIBLELLANA000000072259
1781-03-01T22:00-21.23-28.07426.7PV866.000NE 1/4 NBONANCIBLELLANA000000072260
1781-03-02T22:00-20.12-28.12686.7PV865.000ENEBONANCIBLELLANA000000072261
1781-03-03T22:00-18.63-28.48684.6PV891.000ENEFLOJOLLANA000000072262
1781-03-04T22:00-17.15-28.67479.3PV8382.00-1NE 1/4 EFRESQUITOPICADA000000072263
1781-03-05T22:00-15.77-28.60474.6PV892.00-1NE 1/4 EFLOJOPICADA000000072264
1781-03-06T22:00-14.30-28.47866.7PV8104.00-1E 1/4 NEBONANCIBLEALGO PICADA000000072265
1781-03-07T22:00-12.43-28.13886.7PV8116.00-2EBONANCIBLELLANA000000072266
1781-03-08T22:00-10.72-27.63916.7PV8325.00-2E 1/4 SEBONANCIBLELLUVIAS MUNUDASLLANA010000072267
1781-03-09T22:00-8.92-27.47826.7PV8115.00-5E 1/4 NEBONANCIBLEALGO PICADA000000072268
1781-03-10T22:00-7.00-27.33819.3PV8115.00-6E 1/4 NEFRESQUITOALGO PICADA000000072269
1781-03-11T22:00-5.07-26.73879.3PV8112.00-6E 1/4 SEFRESQUITOPICADA000000072270
1781-03-12T22:00-3.20-26.188712.3PV8117.00-6E 1/4 SEFRESCOALGO PICADA000000072271
1781-03-13T22:00-1.37-25.33866.7PV8124.00-7E 1/4 SEBONANCIBLEALGO PICADA000000072272
1781-03-14T22:00-0.57-24.401256.7PV8714.00-7SE 1/4 EBONANCIBLELLANA000000072273
1781-03-15T22:001.38-24.121254.6PV857.00-7SE 1/4 EFLOJOCONTINUOS CHUBASCOSPICADA010000072274
1781-03-16T22:001.68-23.951514.6PV821.00-7SSEFLOJOALGO PICADA000000072275
1781-03-17T22:002.17-23.481254.6PV841.00-7SE 1/4 EFLOJOPICADA000000072276
1781-03-18T22:003.13-24.653524.6PV8161.00-8NFLOJOPICADA000000072277
1781-03-19T22:005.67-25.80344.6PV8120.00-8NE 1/4 NFLOJOPICADA000000072278
1781-03-20T22:007.35-27.203712.3PV8149.00-8NEFRESCOPICADA000000072279
1781-03-21T22:009.03-28.90399.3PV8285.00-6NEFRESQUITOPICADA000000072280
1781-03-22T22:0010.28-30.15369.3PV8119.00-6NE 1/4NFRESQUITOCARGADOS PARDOSPICADA000000072281
1781-03-23T22:0011.78-31.03629.3PV8104.00-6ENEFRESQUITOALGO PICADA000000072282
1781-03-24T22:0013.00-32.20346.7PV8101.00-8NE 1/4 NBONANCIBLELLANA000000072283
1781-03-25T22:0014.38-33.40436.7PV892.00-5NE 1/4 EBONANCIBLELLANA000000072284
1781-03-26T22:0014.28-32.17156.7PV879.00-8NNEBONANCIBLELLANA000000072285
1781-03-27T22:0013.75-30.88346.7PV876.00-8NE 1/4 NBONANCIBLEPICADA000000072286
1781-03-28T22:0013.70-29.653556.7PV872.00-8N 1/4 NEBONANCIBLELLANA000000072287
1781-03-29T22:0014.42-30.68154.6PV874.00-8NNEFLOJOPICADA000000072288
1781-03-30T22:0015.70-31.75346.7PV8173.00-8NE 1/4 NBONANCIBLEPICADA000000072289
1781-03-31T22:0017.17-32.87439.3PV8122.00-5NE 1/4 EFRESQUITOPICADA000000072290
1781-04-01T22:0019.12-33.53419.3PV8125.00-7NE 1/4 EFRESQUITOCRECIDA000000072291
1781-04-02T22:0020.70-33.988015.4PV8115.00-7E 1/4 NERECIOGRUESA000000072292
1781-04-03T22:0022.52-34.07789.3PV8223.00-9E 1/4 NEFRESQUITOGRUESA000000072293
1781-04-04T22:0024.40-35.01599.3PV8126.00-9ENEFRESQUITOPICADA000000072294
1781-04-05T22:0025.83-35.01846.7PV894.00-9E 1/4 SEBONANCIBLELLANA000000072295
1781-04-06T22:0026.70-34.111496.7PV898.00-9SSEBONANCIBLELLANA000000072296
1781-04-07T22:0027.73-32.672376.7PV8303.00-11OSOBONANCIBLEPICADA000000072297
1781-04-08T22:0028.50-31.933029.3PV884.00-13NOFRESQUITOPICADA000000072298
1781-04-09T22:0028.73-32.133024.6PV826.00-13NOFLOJOPICADA000000072299
1781-04-10T22:0029.08-32.161451.0PV838.00-13SSECUASI CALMAPICADA000000072300
1781-04-11T22:0029.83-31.491904.6PV881.00-13SSOFLOJOLLANA000000072301
1781-04-12T22:0030.53-30.922126.7PV875.00-13SOBONANCIBLEALGO PICADA000000072302
1781-04-13T22:0030.87-30.322806.7PV867.00-13ONOBONANCIBLEPICADA000000072303
1781-04-14T22:0031.03-30.60104.6PV8317.00-13NNEFLOJOCARGADOS NEBLINAPICADA001000072304
1781-04-15T22:0031.35-30.332354.6PV857.00-13OSOFLOJOALGO PICADA000000072305
1781-04-16T22:0032.30-29.462356.7PV834.00-13OSOBONANCIBLECARGADOS NEBLINALLANA001000072306
1781-04-17T22:0032.73-29.37278PV845.00-15ONOVARIABLEALGO PICADA000000072307
1781-04-18T22:0033.50-28.792136.7PV877.00-15SO 1/4 OBONANCIBLECARGADOS NEBLINALLANA001000072308
1781-04-19T22:0034.32-28.402784.6PV8292.00-15ONOFLOJOPICADA000000072309
1781-04-20T22:0034.70-28.182106.7PV853.00-15SOBONANCIBLEALGO PICADA000000072310
1781-04-21T22:0034.82-28.641654.6PV811.00-15SFLOJOPICADA000000072311
1781-04-22T22:0035.17-29.121201.0PV879.00-15SECUASI CALMAALGO PICADA000000072312
1781-04-23T22:0034.50-29.2784.6PV848.00-15NNEFLOJOCARGADOS DE MAL SEMBLANTEPICADA000000072313
1781-04-24T22:0035.43-29.60989.3PV858.00-15ESEFRESQUITOCONTRASTADA000000072314
1781-04-25T22:0035.77-28.041176.7PV8-15SE 1/4 EBONANCIBLELLANA000000072315
1781-04-26T22:0036.10-26.48974.6PV839.00-16ESEFLOJOPICADA000000072316
1781-04-27T22:0034.90-26.701196.7PV871.00-16SEBONANCIBLELLANA000000072317
1781-04-28T22:0034.48-26.481169.3PV825.00-16SE 1/4 EFRESQUITOPICADA000000072318
1781-04-29T22:0034.58-26.23979.3PV816.00-16ESEFRESQUITOPICADA000000072319
1781-04-30T22:0035.65-25.451196.7PV876.00-16SEBONANCIBLEPICADA000000072320
1781-05-01T22:0036.40-23.451649.3PV8154.00-16SFRESQUITOPICADA000000072321
1781-05-02T21:0037.88-20.6831915.4PV8153.00-19NNORECIOCHUBASCOS CONTINUOS DE AGUAS Y VIENTOSPICADA010000072322
1781-05-03T21:0039.38-18.2813912.3PV8150.00-19SSEFRESCOACHUBASCADOS DE MAL SEMBLANTECHUBASCOS CONTINUOS DE AGUAS Y VIENTOSGRANDE010000072323
1781-05-04T21:0041.25-15.9213812.3PV8156.00-20SSEFRESCOGRUESA000000072324
1781-05-05T21:0042.60-14.321366.7PV8108.00-22SSEBONANCIBLECARGADOS NEBLINALLANA001000072325
1781-05-06T21:0043.77-12.901166.7PV893.00-22SE 1/4 SBONANCIBLECARGADOS NEBLINAPICADA001000072326
1781-05-07T21:0043.30-11.821149.3PV849.00-21SEFRESQUITOLLANA000000072327
1781-05-08T00:008715.41PV8E 1/4 NERECIOLLANA000000072328
1781-05-18T00:001804.61PV8SFLOJOLLANA000000072329
1781-05-19T21:0043.36-8.36694.61PV8-21EFLOJOLLANA000000072330