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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during El Cortes cruise from La Coruña to Montevideo started at 1780-02-14 [dataset]. Archivo General de Indias, Seville, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.748886, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -7.246049 * Median Longitude: -29.369506 * South-bound Latitude: -35.430000 * West-bound Longitude: -56.210000 * North-bound Latitude: 42.330000 * East-bound Longitude: -11.170000
Date/Time Start: 1780-02-14T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1780-05-18T00:00:00
Event(s):
El_Cortes_17800214_CORREOS_194B_R7 * Latitude Start: 43.360000 * Longitude Start: -8.360000 * Latitude End: -35.970000 * Longitude End: -55.650000 * Date/Time Start: 1780-02-14T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1780-05-18T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: El Cortes (Fragata Correo), Voyage: La Coruña - Montevideo, 1st Observer: José de Las Casas (Capitan)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
10 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
11 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
12 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
13 Present weatherwwWeather description
14 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
15 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
16 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
17 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
18 FogFog1 If fog was reported
19 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
20 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
21 HailHail1 If hail was reported
22 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
23 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1501 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]

ff [m/s]

-

Watch

Glasses

Distance [arbitrary units]
10 
Decl [deg]
11 
Wind dir descr
12 
Wind force descr
13 
ww
14 
Precip descr
15 
State sea descr
16 
Gusts
17 
Rain
18 
Fog
19 
Snow
20 
Thunder
21 
Hail
22 
Sea ice
23 
ID
1780-02-14T00:001802.61PV8SCALMOSOLLANA000000072152
1780-02-15T21:0042.33-11.17256.7PV869.00-20NEBONANCIBLELLANA000000072153
1780-02-16T21:0040.73-13.23709.3PV8133.00-20EFRESQUITOOFUSCADOS OSCURO Y VENTOSOLLUVIAS MUNUDASGRUESA010000072154
1780-02-17T21:0038.88-15.324812.3PV8350.00-20ENEFRESCOCARGADOS OSCURO Y VENTOSOGRUESA000000072155
1780-02-18T21:0035.98-15.572712.3PV8132.00-18NEFRESCOGRUESA000000072156
1780-02-19T21:0033.82-14.92729.3PV8136.00-18EFRESQUITOALGO PICADA000000072157
1780-02-20T21:0031.93-14.55762.6PV8385.00-17E 1/4 SECALMOSOLLANA000000072158
1780-02-21T21:0029.07-14.83969.3PV8153.00-17ESEFRESQUITOBELLA000000072159
1780-02-24T21:0026.75-16.701169.3PV882.00-16SE 1/4 EFRESQUITOLLANA000000072160
1780-02-25T21:0025.42-17.801212.6PV8101.00-14SECALMOSOLLANA000000072161
1780-02-26T21:0024.33-18.6296.7PV8262.00-14NNEBONANCIBLECARGADOS NEBLINALLANA001000072162
1780-02-27T21:0021.32-19.571199.3PV8155.00-13SE 1/4 EFRESQUITOLLANA000000072163
1780-02-28T21:0019.10-19.731199.3PV8133.00-13SE 1/4 EFRESQUITOLLANA000000072164
1780-02-29T21:0016.67-19.981019.3PV8147.00-12ESEFRESQUITOLLANA000000072165
1780-03-01T21:0014.50-19.851019.3PV8582.00-12ESEFRESQUITOCARGADOS NEBLINALLANA001000072166
1780-03-02T21:0012.45-19.92576.7PV8110.00-11ENEBONANCIBLECARGADOS NEBLINALLANA001000072167
1780-03-03T21:0011.10-19.92346.7PV881.00-11NEBONANCIBLECARGADOS NEBLINALLANA001000072168
1780-03-04T21:009.78-19.753526.7PV848.00-11N 1/4 NEBONANCIBLECARGADOS NEBLINACALMA001000072169
1780-03-05T21:008.45-19.823044.6PV860.00-11NOFLOJOCARGADOS NEBLINALLANA001000072170
1780-03-06T21:007.58-20.033276.7PV852.00-11NNOBONANCIBLECARGADOS NEBLINALLANA001000072171
1780-03-07T21:006.60-20.18132.6PV860.00-10NNECALMOSOCARGADOS NEBLINALLANA001000072172
1780-03-08T21:006.27-20.18584.6PV8131.00-10ENEFLOJOCHUBASCOS DE AGUASALGO PICADA010000072173
1780-03-09T21:005.73-20.223289.3PV854.00-10NNOFRESQUITOACHUBASCADOS RELÁMPAGOSCHUBASCOS DE AGUASALGO PICADA010000072174
1780-03-10T21:005.27-20.43132.6PV830.00-10NNECALMOSOACHUBASCADOS TRUENOS Y RELÁMPAGOSCHUBASCOS DE AGUASLLANA010010072175
1780-03-11T21:005.22-20.521732.6PV86.00-10S 1/4 SOCALMOSOLLANA000000072176
1780-03-12T21:005.07-20.371701.0PV811.00-10SCUASI CALMALLANA000000072177
1780-03-13T21:004.47-20.473502.6PV837.00-10NCALMOSOCHUBASCOS DE AGUASLLANA010000072178
1780-03-14T21:004.18-20.303504.6PV819.00-10NFLOJOACHUBASCADOS OSCUROSLLANA000000072179
1780-03-15T21:003.30-20.222154.6PV852.00-10SOFLOJOLLANA000000072180
1780-03-16T21:003.18-20.182152.6PV8-10SOCALMOSOLLANA000000072181
1780-03-17T21:003.15-20.151732.6PV8-10S 1/4 SOCALMOSOCARGADOS NEBLINAPICADA001000072182
1780-03-18T21:003.08-20.421732.6PV816.00-10S 1/4 SOCALMOSOCHUBASCOS DE AGUASPICADA010000072183
1780-03-19T21:002.82-20.171706.7PV822.00-10SBONANCIBLEACHUBASCADOS TRUENOS Y RELÁMPAGOSCHUBASCOS DE AGUASPICADA010010072184
1780-03-20T21:002.45-20.37171PV826.00-9SVARIABLESCHUBASCOS DE AGUASPICADA010000072185
1780-03-21T21:002.15-20.921262.6PV837.00-9SECALMOSOPICADA000000072186
1780-03-22T21:001.50-22.131499.3PV882.00-9SSEFRESQUITOLLANA000000072187
1780-03-23T22:000.37-23.631709.3PV8112.00-7S 1/4 SEFRESQUITOLLANA000000072188
1780-03-24T22:00-0.10-24.151709.3PV8297.00-7S 1/4 SEFRESQUITOLLANA000000072189
1780-03-25T22:00-2.65-25.731299.3PV8122.00-6SEFRESQUITOLLANA000000072190
1780-03-26T22:00-4.12-26.431329.3PV8231.00-6SE 1/4 SFRESQUITOPICADA000000072191
1780-03-27T22:00-6.13-27.351299.3PV8104.00-6SEFRESQUITOLLANA000000072192
1780-03-28T22:00-7.27-27.671296.7PV871.00-3SE 1/4 EBONANCIBLELLANA000000072193
1780-03-29T22:00-8.80-28.121116.7PV897.00-2ESEBONANCIBLELLANA000000072194
1780-03-30T22:00-10.63-28.531119.3PV8114.00-2ESEFRESQUITOLLANA000000072195
1780-03-31T22:00-12.27-29.271309.3PV8108.00-2SE 1/4 EFRESQUITOLLANA000000072196
1780-04-01T22:00-13.43-29.731129.3PV874.00-1ESEFRESQUITOLLANA000000072197
1780-04-02T22:00-14.27-30.181122.6PV8128.00-1ESEFLOJITOLLANA000000072198
1780-04-03T22:00-15.55-30.65224.6PV867.00-1NNEFLOJOPICADA000000072199
1780-04-04T22:00-16.33-31.02892.6PV851.00-1EFLOJITOLLANA000000072200
1780-04-05T22:00-17.27-31.47226.7PV860.00-1NNEBONANCIBLELLANA000000072201
1780-04-06T22:00-18.60-32.18906.7PV892.000EBONANCIBLELLANA000000072202
1780-04-07T22:00-19.78-32.78716.7PV878.003ENEBONANCIBLEPICADA000000072203
1780-04-08T22:00-20.58-33.301166.7PV856.003ESEBONANCIBLELLANA000000072204
1780-04-09T22:00-21.67-33.901354.6PV873.003SE 1/4 EFLOJOPICADA000000072205
1780-04-10T22:00-22.32-34.251162.6PV843.003ESECALMOSOACHUBASCADOS RELÁMPAGOSLLANA000000072206
1780-04-11T22:00-22.85-34.62274.6PV8287.004NNEFLOJOLLANA000000072207
1780-04-12T22:00-23.37-35.003424.6PV846.004NNOFLOJOLLANA000000072208
1780-04-13T22:00-24.23-35.603426.7PV859.004NNOBONANCIBLELLANA000000072209
1780-04-14T22:00-25.60-36.353426.7PV896.004NNOBONANCIBLECONTINUOS CHUBASCOSGRUESA010000072210
1780-04-15T23:00-27.75-37.653239.3PV8145.008NOFRESQUITOPICADA000000072211
1780-04-16T23:00-28.82-38.233014.6PV870.008ONOFLOJOLLANA000000072212
1780-04-17T23:00-29.97-39.40764.6PV892.008ENEFLOJOLLUVIAS MUNUDASLLANA010000072213
1780-04-18T23:00-31.52-40.1789.3PV8603.008NFRESQUITOLLANA000000072214
1780-04-19T23:00-32.17-40.522362.6PV857.008SO 1/4 OFLOJITOPICADA000000072215
1780-04-20T23:00-32.92-40.653031.0PV845.0010ONOCUASI CALMAGRUESA000000072216
1780-04-21T23:00-33.43-40.0025815.4PV845.0010OSORECIOGRUESA000000072217
1780-04-22T23:00-34.48-39.7523512.3PV864.0010SOFRESCOCONTINUOS CHUBASCOS DE AGUASPICADA010000072218
1780-04-23T23:00-35.12-39.4427715.4PV838.0010O 1/4 SORECIOCONTINUOS CHUBASCOS DE AGUASPICADA010000072219
1780-04-24T23:00-35.18-40.402582.6PV859.0010OSOCALMOSOALGO PICADA000000072220
1780-04-25T23:00-33.95-40.6325815.4PV878.0010OSORECIOCHUBASCOS DE AGUASGRUESA010000072221
1780-04-26T23:00-33.33-40.842386.7PV8102.0010SO 1/4 OBONANCIBLECHUBASCOS DE AGUASPICADA010000072222
1780-04-27T23:00-33.92-41.882584.6PV868.0010OSOFLOJOALGO PICADA000000072223
1780-04-28T23:00-34.60-43.7517015.4PV8114.0012SSERECIOPICADA000000072224
1780-04-29T23:00-35.43-45.241215.4PV899.0012NRECIOCARGADOS TRUENOS Y RELÁMPAGOSCHUBASCOS DE AGUASPICADA010010072225
1780-04-30T23:00-35.20-45.861956.7PV8312.0012S 1/4 SOBONANCIBLEALGO PICADA000000072226
1780-05-01T23:00-35.17-47.391896.7PV889.0012S 1/4 SEBONANCIBLECALMA000000072227
1780-05-02T23:00-35.28-49.26816.7PV8103.0013ENEBONANCIBLEPICADA000000072228
1780-05-03T23:00-35.20-50.80586.7PV888.0013NEBONANCIBLEPICADA000000072229
1780-05-05T00:00-35.23-53.102409.3PV8126.0015SOFRESQUITOLLOVIZNASLLANA010000072230
1780-05-06T00:00-35.33-53.7410515.4PV844.0015ERECIOLLOVIZNASLLANA010000072231
1780-05-07T00:00-35.22-53.6010515.4PV873.0015ERECIOPICADA000000072232
1780-05-07T00:00456.7PV8NEBONANCIBLEPICADA000000072233
1780-05-08T00:003156.7PV8NOBONANCIBLELLOVIZNASLLANA010000072234
1780-05-09T00:006.71PV8BONANCIBLELLANA000000072235
1780-05-15T00:001356.71PV8SEBONANCIBLELLANA000000072236
1780-05-16T00:002936.71PV8ONOBONANCIBLEALGO PICADA000000072237
1780-05-18T00:00-34.89-56.213086.71PV815ONOBONANCIBLEALGO PICADA000000072238