García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during El Cortes cruise from La Habana to Bilbao started at 1771-11-14 [dataset]. Archivo General de Indias, Seville, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.748877, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 37.609444 * Median Longitude: -44.189444 * South-bound Latitude: 24.620000 * West-bound Longitude: -81.010000 * North-bound Latitude: 46.330000 * East-bound Longitude: -6.300000
Date/Time Start: 1771-11-14T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1772-02-12T00:00:00
Event(s):
El_Cortes_17711114_CORREOS_270A_R11 * Latitude Start: 23.200000 * Longitude Start: -81.400000 * Latitude End: 43.450000 * Longitude End: -3.070000 * Date/Time Start: 1771-11-14T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1772-02-12T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: El Cortes (Paquebote), Voyage: La Habana - Bilbao, 1st Observer: Capitan
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 8 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 9 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 10 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 11 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 12 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 13 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 14 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 15 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 16 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 17 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 18 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 19 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 20 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 21 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 22 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 23 | Comment | Comment | ||||
| 24 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
686 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 9 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 10 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 11 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 12 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 13 ww (Weather description) | 14 Precip descr | 15 State sea descr | 16 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 17 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 18 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 19 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 20 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 21 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 22 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 23 Comment | 24 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1771-11-14T00:00 | 113 | 6.7 | 1 | LLEGA A PORTUGALETE EL 22 DE DICIEMBRE DE 1771, DE DONDE SALE EL 8 DE FEBRERO DE 1772. DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | ESE | BONANCIBLE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72331 | |||||||||
| 1771-11-15T00:00 | 113 | 6.7 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | ESE | BONANCIBLE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72332 | ||||||||||
| 1771-11-16T17:00 | 24.62 | -81.01 | 74 | 6.7 | 54.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | 6 | ENE | BONANCIBLE | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72333 | ||||
| 1771-11-17T17:00 | 25.03 | -79.81 | 9.3 | 69.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | 6 | NEE | FRESQUITO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES UN POCO CARGADOS | PICADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72334 | |||||
| 1771-11-18T17:00 | 25.78 | -79.45 | 9.3 | 66.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | 6 | NEE | FRESQUITO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72335 | |||||||
| 1771-11-19T17:00 | 27.83 | -79.56 | 139 | 12.3 | 81.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | 4 | SE | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS Y ALGO ACHUBASCADOS | GRUESA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72336 | ||||
| 1771-11-20T17:00 | 29.77 | -80.63 | 342 | 12.3 | 106.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | 4 | NNO | FRESCO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72337 | ||||||
| 1771-11-21T17:00 | 29.97 | -79.12 | 72 | 6.7 | 87.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | 4 | ENE | BONANCIBLE | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72338 | ||||
| 1771-11-22T17:00 | 30.67 | -77.87 | 6.7 | 79.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | 4 | SEE | BONANCIBLE | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72339 | |||||
| 1771-11-23T17:00 | 31.65 | -74.93 | 228 | 12.3 | 162.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | 3 | SO | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS CON DIFERENTES CHUBASCOS Y RELAMPAGOS | PICADA DEL S | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 72340 | ||||
| 1771-11-24T17:00 | 32.08 | -72.08 | 226 | 9.3 | 147.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | 1 | SO | FRESQUITO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES A VECES MUY CARGADOS | PICADA DEL NO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72341 | ||||
| 1771-11-25T17:00 | 32.53 | -70.45 | 336 | 12.3 | 82.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -2 | NNO | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CON DIFERENTES CHUBASCOS Y RELAMPAGOS | PICADA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 72342 | ||||
| 1771-11-26T17:00 | 32.03 | -68.55 | 12.3 | 106.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | 1 | NEN | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS CON DIFERENTES CHUBASCOS Y RELAMPAGOS | PICADA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 72343 | |||||
| 1771-11-27T16:00 | 33.43 | -66.75 | 244 | 12.3 | 81.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -4 | OSO | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS | PICADA DEL SE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72344 | ||||
| 1771-11-28T16:00 | 34.58 | -64.28 | 266 | 12.3 | 152.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -4 | O | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS CON CHUBASCOS | GRANDE | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72345 | ||||
| 1771-11-29T16:00 | 35.73 | -59.30 | 288 | 12.3 | 173.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -5 | ONO | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS CON DIFERENTES CHUBASCOS | GRUESA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72346 | ||||
| 1771-11-30T16:00 | 36.27 | -56.87 | 263 | 12.3 | 123.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -7 | O | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS CON DIFERENTES CHUBASCOS | GRUESA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72347 | ||||
| 1771-12-01T16:00 | 37.37 | -53.82 | 218 | 12.3 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -7 | SO | MAS O MENOS FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES UN POCO OFUSCADOS | GRANDE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72348 | |||||
| 1771-12-02T15:00 | 38.50 | -50.15 | 236 | 12.3 | 187.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -12 | OSO | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS CON ALGUNOS CHUBASCOS | GRUESA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72349 | ||||
| 1771-12-03T15:00 | 39.10 | -47.85 | 281 | 12.3 | 114.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -12 | ONO | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES ANUBLADOS | GRANDE DEL O | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72350 | ||||
| 1771-12-04T15:00 | 39.60 | -45.18 | 212 | 12.3 | 127.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -13 | SO | MAS O MENOS FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS | GRANDE DEL NO Y CONTRASTADA DEL S | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72351 | ||||
| 1771-12-05T15:00 | 40.67 | -41.72 | 279 | 15.4 | 171.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -14 | ONO | FUERTE | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CLAROS | GRANDE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72352 | ||||
| 1771-12-06T15:00 | 41.20 | -38.05 | 234 | 16.3 | 170.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -14 | OSO | MUY FUERTE | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS CON DIFERENTES CHUBASCOS | SUMAMENTE GRANDE Y CONTRASTADA DEL NO Y SO | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72353 | ||||
| 1771-12-07T14:00 | 41.75 | -34.75 | 233 | 12.3 | 283.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -15 | OSO | MAS O MENOS FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS Y CON CHUBASCOS | GRANDE DEL N | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 72354 | |||
| 1771-12-08T14:00 | 42.73 | -30.82 | 251 | 12.3 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -19 | O | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS Y CON DIFERENTES CHUBASCOS | GRANDE | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72355 | |||||
| 1771-12-09T14:00 | 42.55 | -26.48 | 274 | 191.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -19 | ONO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS Y CON CHUBASCOS | PICADA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72356 | ||||||
| 1771-12-10T13:00 | 42.82 | -22.22 | 205 | 12.3 | 189.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -20 | SO | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES MAS O MENOS CARGADOS | PICADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72357 | ||||
| 1771-12-11T13:00 | 43.20 | -17.72 | 205 | 12.3 | 199.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -20 | SO | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS | GRUESA DEL SO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72358 | ||||
| 1771-12-12T13:00 | 43.25 | -15.03 | 273 | 15.4 | 117.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -20 | ONO | MAS O MENOS FUERTE | CIELOS A VECES MUY CARGADOS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72359 | |||||
| 1771-12-13T13:00 | 43.40 | -12.70 | 183 | 12.3 | 103.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -20 | SSO | MAS O MENOS FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS | PICADA DEL NO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72360 | ||||
| 1771-12-14T13:00 | 42.65 | -10.78 | 107.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -20 | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS Y CON DIFERENTES CHUBASCOS | MUY GRANDE DEL NO | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72361 | ||||||||
| 1771-12-15T13:00 | 43.13 | -10.18 | 205 | 15.4 | 133.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -20 | SO | MUY FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES MAS O MENOS CARGADOS | GRUESA DEL NO Y CONTRASTADA DEL S | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 72362 | |||
| 1771-12-16T13:00 | 44.28 | -8.92 | 340 | 16.3 | 144.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -20 | N | MUY FUERTE | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES MUY CARGADOS | GRANDE DEL NO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72363 | ||||
| 1771-12-17T12:00 | 44.98 | -7.43 | 340 | 16.3 | 58.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -20 | N | MUY FUERTE | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS Y CONTINUOS CHUBASCOS | CONTINUA | SUMAMENTE GRANDE | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72364 | |||
| 1771-12-18T12:00 | 45.68 | -6.30 | 318 | 12.3 | 55.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -20 | NNO | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES MUY CARGADOS Y CONTINUOS CHUBASCOS Y RELAMPAGOS | CONTINUA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 72365 | |||
| 1771-12-19T12:00 | 46.33 | -6.62 | 295 | 12.3 | 79.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -20 | NO | MAS O MENOS FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS Y CON ALGUNOS CHUBASCOS | PICADA DEL NO | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72366 | ||||
| 1771-12-20T12:00 | 44.55 | -7.02 | 318 | 12.3 | 115.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -20 | NNO | FRESCO | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS | GRANDE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72367 | ||||
| 1771-12-21T12:00 | 44.23 | -6.42 | 273 | 12.3 | 114.00 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | -20 | ONO | FRESCO | PICADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72368 | |||||
| 1771-12-22T00:00 | 315 | 16.3 | 1 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | NO | MUY FUERTE | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES CARGADOS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72369 | ||||||||
| 1772-02-10T00:00 | 113 | 6.7 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | ESE | BONANCIBLE | MAL CARIZ | MUCHA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72370 | ||||||||
| 1772-02-11T00:00 | 225 | 4.6 | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | SO | FLOJO | HORIZONTES CLAROS | PICADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72371 | ||||||||
| 1772-02-12T00:00 | 45 | 6.7 | CABO ORTEGAL | DESCRIPTORES, VIENTO Y MAR DE TODO EL DIA, RESTO DEL MEDIODIA | NE | BONANCIBLE | CIELOS Y HORIZONTES OFUSCADOS | PICADA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 72372 |