Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 6.262958 * Median Longitude: -24.324507 * South-bound Latitude: -23.100000 * West-bound Longitude: -42.500000 * North-bound Latitude: 49.480000 * East-bound Longitude: -5.550000

Date/Time Start: 1803-07-05T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1803-09-13T15:00:00

Event(s):

Earl_Spencer_18030705_BL_L/MAR/B/227D * Latitude Start: 50.750000 * Longitude Start: -0.980000 * Latitude End: -23.370000 * Longitude End: -43.120000 * Date/Time Start: 1803-07-05T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1803-09-13T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Earl Spencer, Voyage: Portsmouth - Rio De Janeiro, 1st Observer: Charles Raill (Captain), Company: EIC

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Temperature, air	TTT	°C
7	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
8	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
9	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
10	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
11	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
12	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
13	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
14	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the (outside) air thermometer
15	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
16	Current direction description	Cur dir descr		Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
17	Current speed description	V descr
18	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
19	Present weather	ww		Weather description
20	Precipitation description	Precip descr
21	State of the sea description	State sea descr
22	Clearness	Clearness
23	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
24	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
25	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
26	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
27	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
28	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
29	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
30	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

1278 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 TTT [°C]	7 Landmark (Name of first landmark)	8 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark)	9 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark)	10 - (1 If position is considered t...)	11 Course (Course of the ship during the...)	12 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...)	13 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	14 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...)	15 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	16 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...)	17 V descr	18 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	19 ww (Weather description)	20 Precip descr	21 State sea descr	22 Clearness	23 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported)	24 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	25 Fog (1 If fog was reported)	27 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...)	30 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1803-07-05T12:00	49.48	-5.55	301	6.7	18.3	LIZARD	N23E	10			63.00	-25	65.00	WSW, W1/2N, NBW, NWBN			MODERATE BREEZES				HAZY	0	0	0	0	64936
1803-07-06T12:00	48.17	-7.08	301	9.3	17.4	LIZARD	N36E	45		S34W	90.00	-25	63.30	NW, VARIABLE, NNW, NWBN			FRESH BREEZES			SWELL FROM NW	CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	64937
1803-07-07T12:00	47.13	-7.22	362	6.7	19.4					S6W	65.00	-23	67.00	NWBN, WBS, VARIABLE			MODERATE BREEZES	FINE				0	0	0	0	64938
1803-07-08T13:00	47.05	-8.17	362		18.4					N87W	51.00	-24	65.10	SWBS, SSW, WBS, NBW, NNE, VARIABLE			MODERATE BREEZES AND VARIABLE, LATTER SQUALLY	FIRST AND MIDDLE PARTS FINE, LATTER THICK	LATTER SOME RAIN			0	1	0	0	64939
1803-07-09T13:00	45.65	-9.73	21	6.7	19.6					S37W	102.00	-24	67.30	NBW, WNW, N, VARIABLE, NE			MODERATE BREEZES	FINE PLEASANT WEATHER				0	0	0	0	64940
1803-07-10T13:00	44.25	-11.50	44	6.7	20.0					S41W	133.00	-24	68.00	VARIABLE, NNE, ENE			PLEASANT BREEZES	FINE				0	0	0	0	64941
1803-07-11T13:00	42.37	-13.62	348	6.7						S42W	152.00	-23		E, EBN, ENE, NBE			PLEASANT BREEZES	FINE				0	0	0	0	64942
1803-07-12T13:00	40.07	-14.82	362	9.3						S23W	149.00	-23		NNE, NEBN, VARIABLE			STEADY BREEZE	FINE			HAZY	0	0	0	0	64943
1803-07-13T13:00	37.87	-15.72	22	6.7	22.8					S25W	144.00	-23	73.00	ENE, NE			PLEASANT BREEZES	FINE				0	0	0	0	64944
1803-07-14T13:00	36.02	-16.22	362	9.3	22.2					S14W	109.00	-21	72.00	NEBE, NNE, VARIABLE			FIRST PART STEADY, MIDDLE VARIABLE AND LIGHT, LATTER LITTLE STEADY BREEZE	VERY FINE				0	0	0	0	64945
1803-07-15T13:00	33.83	-16.52	13	6.7	22.8					S14W	136.00	-21	73.00	NEBN			PLEASANT BREEZES	FINE		SMOOTH WATER		0	0	0	0	64946
1803-07-16T13:00	32.43	-16.75	351	6.7							84.00	-20		NNE, NEBE, NBE			MODERATE BREEZES AND VARIABLE	FINE				0	0	0	0	64947
1803-07-17T13:00	32.45	-16.85	362	12.3							42.00	-20		NW, VARIABLE			BREEZE, MIDDLE DEAD CALM, LATTER STRONG BREEZE					0	0	0	0	64948
1803-07-18T13:00	31.17	-18.05	4	2.6	22.8	MADEIRA	N33E	14		S35W	101.00	-19	73.00	NWBN, NNW, NNE			LIGHT BREEZES	FINE				0	0	0	0	64949
1803-07-19T13:00	30.15	-18.90	341	2.6	24.1					S37W	58.00	-19	75.45	NNE, VARIABLE, N			LIGHT BREEZES	FINE				0	0	0	0	64950
1803-07-20T13:00	28.90	-19.72	49	6.7	24.7					S37W	76.00	-19	76.40	NEBE, NEBN, ENE			PLEASANT BREEZES	FINE				0	0	0	0	64951
1803-07-21T13:00	27.40	-20.95	16	6.7	25.0					S36W	94.00	-18	77.00	NE, NEBE, NEBN			PLEASANT BREEZES	VERY FINE				0	0	0	0	64952
1803-07-22T13:00	25.92	-21.97	38	7.3	25.1					S36W	107.00	-18	77.20	NE, NEBE			INCREASING BREEZE	VERY FINE				0	0	0	0	64953
1803-07-23T14:00	24.32	-23.05	52	6.7	23.9					S33W	102.00	-16	75.00	NEBE, VARIABLE, E, ENE			PLEASANT BREEZES	FINE				0	0	0	0	64954
1803-07-24T14:00	22.45	-24.78	53	9.3	25.6					S34W	139.00	-15	78.10	ENE			FIRST PART LIGHT TRADE, MIDDLE INCREASING TO STEADY BREEZE	FINE			HAZY	0	0	0	0	64955
1803-07-25T14:00	20.37	-26.20	30	12.3	25.6					S30W	148.00	-15	78.00	NE			FINE STEADY TRADE				HAZY	0	0	0	0	64956
1803-07-26T14:00	18.27	-26.82	86		25.6					S11W	117.00	-15	78.00	NE, E TO, EBS			FIRST AND LATTER PARTS FRESH, MIDDLE LIGHT AND VARIABLE					0	0	0	0	64957
1803-07-27T14:00	16.57	-27.07	66	6.7	25.7					S	94.00	-13	78.30	EBN			MODERATE				FIRST PART FAIR, MIDDLE HAZY, LATTER CLEAR	0	0	0	0	64958
1803-07-28T14:00	14.45	-26.95	10	6.7	26.7					S25E	125.00	-13	80.10	EBN, NNE			MODERATE BREEZES	VERY FAVOURABLE			FAIR	0	0	0	0	64959
1803-07-29T14:00	13.53	-26.67	100		27.3					S18E	56.00	-13	81.10	NE, ESE			MODERATE, VARIABLE AND SQUALLY		LITTLE RAIN			0	1	0	0	64960
1803-07-30T14:00	12.78	-26.40	10	1.0	27.8					S17E	51.00	-13	82.00	NE, NNE			FIRST PART VARIABLE AND SQUALLY, MIDDLE LIGHT AIRS, LATTER FINE STEADY BREEZE	FINE				0	0	0	0	64961
1803-07-31T14:00	11.58	-25.13	33		27.8					S43E	105.00	-12	82.00	NE			FIRST PART FINE BREEZE, MIDDLE AND LATTER LIGHT AND VARIABLE WITH SQUALLS	FIRST PART STEADY WEATHER	LATTER LITTLE RAIN		CLOUDY	0	1	0	0	64962
1803-08-01T14:00	11.25	-24.57	213	2.6	27.8					S24E	42.00	-12	82.00	SSE, SWBS, SW			LIGHT BREEZES, SOME SQUALLS		SHOWERS		FAIR	1	0	0	0	64963
1803-08-02T14:00	10.40	-22.83	362		25.6					S55E	88.00	-12	78.00	SW, VARIABLE			FIRST PART LIGHT BREEZES, MIDDLE VARIABLE, LATTER SQUALLY			HEAVY HEAD SEA	FIRST PART FAIR, LATTER CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	64964
1803-08-03T13:00	8.20	-21.83	362		26.7					S33E	122.00	-14	80.00	W, VARIABLE			VARIABLE AND SQUALLY		FIRST PART RAIN		MIDDLE AND LATTER CLOUDY	0	1	0	0	64965
1803-08-04T13:00	7.60	-20.25	211	9.3	27.2					S63E	76.00	-14	81.00	SW			FIRST PART VARIABLE AND SQUALLY, MIDDLE AND LATTER STEADY FRESH BREEZES		FIRST PART RAIN	HEAVY HEAD SEA	MIDDLE AND LATTER FAIR	0	1	0	0	64966
1803-08-05T13:00	7.12	-18.77	178	2.6	27.2					S66E	69.00	-13	81.00	SSW, SBW			LIGHT BREEZES	FINE		W SWELL		0	0	0	0	64967
1803-08-06T13:00	5.93	-17.92	246	2.6	27.4					S29E	66.00	-13	81.40	SW, WBS			LIGHT BREEZES				FAIR	0	0	0	0	64968
1803-08-07T13:00	4.88	-16.67	187		25.6					S50E	98.00	-16	78.00	WSW, VARIABLE, SSW			FIRST PART FINE BREEZES, MIDDLE AND LATTER VARIABLE AND SQUALLY	MIDDLE AND LATTER DARK HEAVY CLOSE WEATHER	MIDDLE AND LATTER RAIN			0	1	0	0	64969
1803-08-08T13:00	4.52	-16.97	362		26.1						66.00	-16	79.00	SSW, VARIABLE			VARIABLE AND SQUALLY		SMALL RAIN			0	1	0	0	64970
1803-08-09T13:00	4.40	-17.17	362		27.2					S56W	25.00	-16	81.00	VARIABLE			VARIABLE AND SQUALLY		RAIN AT TIMES		DARK HEAVY LOOKING	0	1	0	0	64971
1803-08-10T13:00	4.08	-18.10	156	9.3	26.3					S74W	70.00	-13	79.40	SBW, VARIABLE, SBE			FRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY				DARK HEAVY LOOKING	0	0	0	0	64972
1803-08-11T13:00	3.00	-19.25	156	9.3	26.3					S61W	88.00	-13	79.30	SSE, SBE			FINE STEADY BREEZES	LOOKING LIKE TRADE WEATHER			CLOUDY, HAZY	0	0	0	0	64973
1803-08-12T13:00	1.93	-20.47	168	6.7	26.1					S50W	96.00	-12	79.00	SBE, S			MODERATE BREEZES	FINE			CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	64974
1803-08-13T13:00	0.88	-22.20	157	6.7	25.6					S57W	95.00	-12	78.00	SBE			STEADY MODERATE BREEZES	FINE				0	0	0	0	64975
1803-08-14T14:00	-0.38	-23.50	148	6.7	25.8					S50W	103.00	-10	78.50	SEBE, SSE			STEADY MODERATE BREEZES	FINE SETTLED WEATHER				0	0	0	0	64976
1803-08-15T14:00	-1.45	-24.05	125		25.7					S27W	92.00	-10	78.20	SEBS, SE			FINE BREEZES SOME SQUALLS, LATTER STEADY				LATTER CLEAR	0	0	0	0	64977
1803-08-16T14:00	-2.20	-24.63	114	9.3	25.7					S23W	78.00	-10	78.30	SEBE			FINE BREEZES SOME PASSING SQUALLS					0	0	0	0	64978
1803-08-17T14:00	-3.28	-25.42	126		26.1					S35W	82.00	-9	79.00	SEBE, SE								0	0	0	0	64979
1803-08-18T14:00	-4.63	-26.78	115	12.3	26.3					S35W	99.00	-9	79.30	SEBS, SE, SEBE			FRESH TRADE AND SQUALLY				FAIR	0	0	0	0	64980
1803-08-19T14:00	-5.73	-27.53	362		26.2					S33W	88.00	-6	79.20	SEBS, VARIABLE			SQUALLY, LATTER STRONGER WINDS					0	0	0	0	64981
1803-08-20T14:00	-7.10	-28.03	129	12.3	26.7					S25W	100.00	-6	80.00	SE			FRESH TRADE SOME SQUALLS					0	0	0	0	64982
1803-08-21T14:00	-8.45	-28.52	119	9.3	26.7					S20W	91.00	-5	80.00	SEBE			FINE STEADY BREEZES, SOME PASSING SQUALLS	FINE STEADY BREEZES, SOME PASSING SQUALLS			LATTER PASSING LITTLE CLOUDS	0	0	0	0	64983
1803-08-22T14:00	-10.02	-28.65	96	9.3	26.1					S5W	99.00	-5	79.00	EBS			STEADY BREEZES	FINE				0	0	0	0	64984
1803-08-23T14:00	-11.63	-28.52	96	12.3	25.2					SE	103.00	-5	77.30	EBS			STEADY TRADE	FINE				0	0	0	0	64985
1803-08-24T14:00	-12.80	-28.57	109		23.9					S	78.00	-4	75.00	EBS, ESE			VARIABLE AND SQUALLY					0	0	0	0	64986
1803-08-25T14:00	-14.33	-28.65	97		24.2					S3W	97.00	-4	75.50	EBS			FIRST PART SQUALLY, MIDDLE AND LATTER STEADY				FAIR	0	0	0	0	64987
1803-08-26T14:00	-15.78	-28.65	97	12.3	23.9					S	91.00	-4	75.00	EBS			FINE STEADY TRADE, SQUALLY TOWARDS NOON	FINE	A FEW SHOWERS		FAIR	1	0	0	0	64988
1803-08-27T14:00	-16.92	-28.82	109	6.7	23.0					S7W	80.00	-4	73.40	EBS, ESE			MODERATE SOME LITTLE SQUALLS		RAIN AT TIMES	HEAVY SEA FROM SSW		0	1	0	0	64989
1803-08-28T14:00	-17.12	-29.78	154	6.7	21.9					S78W	60.00	-4	71.40	SSE			FIRST PART SQUALLY, BLOWING HARD, AM MODERATE	AM FINE			FIRST PART THICK DARK WEATHER	0	0	0	0	64990
1803-08-29T14:00	-17.52	-30.58	155	2.6	22.8					S63W	65.00	-3	73.00	SSE			LIGHT BREEZES	FINE				0	0	0	0	64991
1803-08-30T14:00	-17.52	-31.25	362		23.3					W	26.00	-3	74.00	VARIABLE			LIGHT BREEZES, VARIABLE AND CALM	FINE				0	0	0	0	64992
1803-08-31T14:00	-17.68	-31.64	110	1.0	22.8					S62W	22.00	-3	73.00	ESE	WBN	0.25	LIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLE WITH CALMS	FINE		SWELL MUCH FALLEN		0	0	0	0	64993
1803-09-01T14:00	-18.28	-32.15	65	2.6	22.8					S33W	44.00	-3	73.00	SSE, ENE			LIGHT BREEZES	FINE				0	0	0	0	64994
1803-09-02T14:00	-18.92	-31.68	110	2.6	24.0					S40E	66.00	-3	75.20	NEBE, ENE, NE, ESE			LIGHT BREEZES AND VARIABLE	FINE PLEASANT WEATHER				0	0	0	0	64995
1803-09-03T14:00	-19.32	-31.44	98	1.0	26.1					S33E	30.00	-3	79.00	NEBE, E, EBS			LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS	FINE				0	0	0	0	64996
1803-09-04T14:00	-19.82	-32.33	110	6.7	23.9					S49W	65.00	-3	75.00	ESE			FIRST PART CALM, MIDDLE FRESH BREEZES, A LITTLE SQUALLY, LATTER MODERATE	FINE		HEAVY HEAD SEA		0	0	0	0	64997
1803-09-05T14:00	-20.87	-32.76	113	6.7	23.6					S20W	87.00	0	74.50	SE, ESE			MODERATE	FINE		HEAVY SW SWELL		0	0	0	0	64998
1803-09-06T14:00	-22.53	-33.18	125	6.7	23.3					S	86.00	1	74.00	SEBE			MODERATE	FINE				0	0	0	0	64999
1803-09-07T14:00	-22.82	-35.06	339	9.3	24.6					S81W	114.00	1	76.20	ENE, NNW			FIRST PART MODERATE BREEZES AND VARIABLE, LATTER FRESH BREEZES				LATTER HAZY	0	0	0	0	65000
1803-09-08T14:00	-22.48	-37.37	180	6.7	23.3					N81W	136.00	0	74.00	NW, SBW, SBE, S			FIRST PART VARIABLE AND SQUALLY, MIDDLE STEADY BREEZE, LATTER MODERATE		FIRST PART RAIN		MIDDLE CLOUDY, LATTER CLEAR	0	1	0	0	65001
1803-09-09T15:00	-22.52	-40.25	139	2.6	23.9					S87W	89.00	4	75.00	S, SSE, SE			LIGHT BREEZES	FINE				0	0	0	0	65002
1803-09-10T15:00	-22.92	-41.14	27		23.3					S78W	107.00	4	74.00	SSE, NNE			FIRST PART MODERATE BREEZES, MIDDLE VARIABLE AND SQUALLY, LATTER MORE STEADY	FIRST PART FINE			LATTER CLOUDY, LIGHT SCUD FLYING FROM N TO S IN OP	0	0	0	0	65003
1803-09-11T15:00	-23.00	-41.96	4		23.9					W	24.00	4	75.00	N			LIGHT AIRS, VARIABLE AND CALMS	MIDDLE VERY HEAVY DEW				0	0	0	1	65004
1803-09-12T15:00	-23.03	-42.24	342		23.9							4	75.00	NNE, NNW			LIGHT AIRS, VARIABLE AND CALM	THICK FOG				0	0	1	0	65005
1803-09-13T15:00	-23.10	-42.50	162		23.9	RIO DE JANEIRO	WBN	3	1			4	75.00	VARIABLE, SBW, SSE, SSE			FIRST PART VARIABLE				MIDDLE CLOUDY	0	0	0	0	65006