García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Earl of Middlesex cruise from Tillicherry to Calcutta started at 1763-11-10 [dataset]. British Library, London, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.748737, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 7.158780 * Median Longitude: 88.020488 * South-bound Latitude: 0.430000 * West-bound Longitude: 82.170000 * North-bound Latitude: 19.220000 * East-bound Longitude: 95.050000
Date/Time Start: 1763-11-10T07:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1763-12-20T06:00:00
Event(s):
Earl_of_Middlesex_17631110_BL_L/MAR/B/579A * Latitude Start: 12.400000 * Longitude Start: 74.900000 * Latitude End: 19.150000 * Longitude End: 88.300000 * Date/Time Start: 1763-11-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1763-12-20T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Earl Of Middlesex, Voyage: Tillicherry - Calcutta, 1st Observer: Henry Fletcher (1st Officer/Master), Company: EIC, Other ship information: 657 TONNES
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 8 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 9 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 10 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 11 | Current direction description | Cur dir descr | Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to. | |||
| 12 | Current speed description | V descr | ||||
| 13 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 14 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 15 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 16 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 17 | Cloud type | Cloud type | ||||
| 18 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 19 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 20 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 21 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 22 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 23 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 24 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 25 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 26 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
714 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] | 5 ff [m/s] | 6 Landmark | 7 Course | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] | 9 Decl [deg] | 10 Wind dir descr | 11 Cur dir descr | 12 V descr | 13 Wind force descr | 14 ww | 15 Precip descr | 16 State sea descr | 17 Cloud type | 18 Clearness | 19 Gusts | 20 Rain | 21 Fog | 22 Snow | 23 Thunder | 24 Hail | 25 Sea ice | 26 ID |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1763-11-10T07:00 | 4.92 | 82.17 | 79 | 2.6 | DONDRA HEAD | S44E | 55.00 | 0 | E, ESE, E, EBN, ENE, EBN | LIGHT BREEZE | CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64495 | ||||||
| 1763-11-11T06:00 | 4.30 | 82.58 | 46 | DONDRA HEAD | S51E | 33.00 | 1 | VARIABLE, NEBE, EBN, NEBE, ENE, NEBE, NE | SQUALLY WEATHER | GREAT DEAL OF RAIN | VERY CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64496 | ||||||
| 1763-11-12T06:00 | 4.25 | 82.70 | 69 | 0.0 | DONDRA HEAD | N34E | 13.00 | 1 | E, VARIABLE, E, ESE, SE, ENE | MOST PART CALM, SOME SQUALLS | RAIN | DARK CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64497 | |||||
| 1763-11-13T06:00 | 3.98 | 82.90 | 57 | 1.0 | DONDRA HEAD | S40E | 19.00 | 1 | NEBE, EBS, NNW, EBN, NEBE, ENE, EBN, NEBE | LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS | A SWELL FROM THE WESTWARD | CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64498 | |||||
| 1763-11-14T06:00 | 3.17 | 83.33 | 362 | 6.1 | DONDRA HEAD | S30E | 52.00 | 1 | EBN, ENE, EBN, ENE, NEBE, VARIABLE | A MODERATE BREEZE DECREASING THE LATTER PART SOME SQUALLS | LATTER HEAVY RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64499 | ||||||
| 1763-11-15T06:00 | 3.00 | 83.97 | 69 | DONDRA HEAD | S81E | 38.00 | 1 | NEBN, NBE, VARIABLE, N, NE, NNE, ENE | SQUALLS LIGHT AIRS AND VARIABLE | HARD RAIN | CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64500 | ||||||
| 1763-11-16T06:00 | 2.90 | 84.23 | 35 | 0.0 | DONDRA HEAD | S68E | 17.00 | 1 | NEBN, VARIABLE, NEBN | WSW | 5 FATHOMS | MOST PART CALM | FAIR WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64501 | ||||
| 1763-11-17T06:00 | 2.43 | 84.47 | 45 | 0.6 | DONDRA HEAD | S68E | 15.00 | 0 | ENE, EBN, EBS, ESE, NE | VERY LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS WITH SOME SQUALLS | RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64502 | ||||||
| 1763-11-18T06:00 | 2.65 | 84.68 | 114 | 1.0 | DONDRA HEAD | N40E | 21.00 | 1 | ESE, EBS, ESE, EBS, SE, SSE, ESE | LIGHT AIRS | FAIR WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64503 | ||||||
| 1763-11-19T06:00 | 2.80 | 84.97 | 147 | 0.6 | DONDRA HEAD | S85E | 17.00 | 1 | S, SE, SEBS, EBS, ENE, NEBE, EBN, SEBS | VERY LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS | HOT WEATHER | FAIR WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64504 | |||||
| 1763-11-20T06:00 | 2.65 | 85.03 | 114 | 0.6 | DONDRA HEAD | S9E | 23.00 | 1 | EBS, E, ESE, EBS, ESE | VERY LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS | HOT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64505 | ||||||
| 1763-11-21T06:00 | 2.85 | 85.32 | 46 | 0.6 | DONDRA HEAD | S63E | 19.00 | 1 | NEBN, N, NNE, NE | VERY LIGHT AIRS | HOT WEATHER | FAIR WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64506 | |||||
| 1763-11-22T06:00 | 2.80 | 85.48 | 1 | 0.0 | DONDRA HEAD | S62E | 12.00 | 1 | SBE, N | MOST PART CALM | VERY HOT WEATHER | CONFUSED SWELL | FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64507 | ||||
| 1763-11-23T06:00 | 2.67 | 85.97 | 226 | 0.6 | DONDRA HEAD | S62E | 33.00 | 1 | SSW, S, SSW, SW | VERY LIGHT AIRS | VERY HOT WEATHER | CONFUSED SWELL | FINE PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64508 | ||||
| 1763-11-24T06:00 | 1.95 | 86.98 | 248 | 6.7 | DONDRA HEAD | S55E | 75.00 | 0 | WNW, NW, WNW, WBS, WNW, WSW | A PLEASANT BREEZES | CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64509 | ||||||
| 1763-11-25T06:00 | 1.58 | 87.63 | 293 | 1.0 | DONDRA HEAD | S56E | 47.00 | 0 | NE, N, SEBE, SSE, SSW, WNW | LIGHT AIRS AND CALMS | RAIN IN THE NIGHT | CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64510 | |||||
| 1763-11-26T06:00 | 0.73 | 89.02 | 248 | 6.7 | DONDRA HEAD | S60E | 96.00 | 0 | SEBS, SBE, SBW, WSW | PLEASANT BREEZES | VERY CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64511 | ||||||
| 1763-11-27T06:00 | 0.65 | 90.12 | 203 | DONDRA HEAD | S85E | 66.00 | 0 | SBE, SEBE, E, SE, S, W, SW, SSW | VARIABLE WINDS AND FREQUENT SQUALLS | HARD RAIN | VERY DARK CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64512 | ||||||
| 1763-11-28T06:00 | 0.43 | 91.38 | 191 | 1.0 | DONDRA HEAD | S80E | 77.00 | 0 | SWBS, WSW, SSW, SSE, SBW | FRESH WIND, LATTER LIGHT AIRS | CONSTANT WEATHER | FIRST PART VERY THICK DIRTY WEATHER, LATTER FAIR W | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64513 | |||||
| 1763-11-29T06:00 | 1.12 | 92.18 | 146 | 6.7 | DONDRA HEAD | S52E | 61.00 | 0 | SE, EBS, ESE, SSE, SEBS, SEBE, ESE, SEBS | PLEASANT BREEZES | FAIR WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64514 | ||||||
| 1763-11-30T06:00 | 1.72 | 92.90 | 124 | DONDRA HEAD | S64E | 48.00 | 0 | ESE, W, SW, EBS, SE, S, SW, SWBS, SEBE | SOME SQUALLS | RAIN | CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64515 | ||||||
| 1763-12-01T06:00 | 2.70 | 93.43 | 259 | DONDRA HEAD | N36E | 55.00 | 0 | SBW, ESE, SE, EBN, ENE, ESE, ENE, WBS | SOME SMALL RAIN | CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64516 | |||||||
| 1763-12-02T06:00 | 2.85 | 93.98 | 34 | 2.6 | DONDRA HEAD | N83E | 34.00 | 0 | NNE, NEBN, NNE, NBE, NNE, NNW, NEBN | LIGHT BREEZES | FAIR WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64517 | ||||||
| 1763-12-03T06:00 | 3.80 | 94.98 | 349 | 6.7 | DONDRA HEAD | N45E | 86.00 | 0 | NNW, NWBW, NW, WNW, NBW | A PLEASANT BREEZE | FAIR WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64518 | ||||||
| 1763-12-04T06:00 | 4.57 | 95.05 | 270 | 9.3 | DONDRA HEAD | N5E | 52.00 | 0 | SWBW, VARIABLE, ESE, EBN, W | SET NNE | 4 FATHOMS PER HOUR | FINE BREEZE IN THE DAY TIME | VERY SMOOTH WATER | FAIR PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64519 | |||
| 1763-12-05T06:00 | 6.17 | 92.27 | 135 | ACHIN HEAD | N22W | 95.00 | 0 | ENE, SE | VERY UNSETTLED WEATHER | SOME RAIN | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 64520 | |||||||
| 1763-12-06T06:00 | 7.63 | 91.58 | 79 | ACHIN HEAD | N25W | 97.00 | 0 | NEBN, NE, NEBE, EBN | SQUALLY | VERY UNSETTLED WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64521 | |||||||
| 1763-12-07T06:00 | 9.97 | 90.57 | 68 | ACHIN HEAD | N28W | 127.00 | 0 | NEBE, ENE | THE DAY SQUALLY | IN THE DAY RAIN | FAIR PLEASANT WEATHER IN THE NIGHT | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 64522 | ||||||
| 1763-12-08T06:00 | 10.78 | 90.12 | 56 | ACHIN HEAD | N30W | 52.00 | 0 | ENE, NEBE, EBN, NEBE | FREQUENT SQUALLS | RAIN | CLOUDY WEATHER | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64523 | ||||||
| 1763-12-09T06:00 | 12.13 | 89.63 | 34 | 9.3 | ACHIN HEAD | N21W | 79.00 | 0 | ENE, NEBE, ENE, NEBE, NEBN | A CONSTANT PLEASANT GALE | A LARGE SWELL FROM THE NE | FAIR WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64524 | |||||
| 1763-12-10T06:00 | 13.35 | 88.95 | 56 | 15.4 | ACHIN HEAD | N29W | 84.00 | 0 | NE, NEBE, NE, NEBE | CONSTANT GALE | PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64525 | ||||||
| 1763-12-11T06:00 | 14.55 | 88.25 | 45 | 9.3 | ACHIN HEAD | N29W | 84.00 | 0 | NEBE, ENE, NE, NEBE, NE | STEADY BREEZE | SMOOTH WATER | FAIR PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64526 | |||||
| 1763-12-12T06:00 | 14.92 | 87.90 | 45 | 2.6 | ACHIN HEAD | N27W | 43.00 | 0 | VARIABLE, NEBN, NE | LIGHT BREEZES | SMOOTH WATER | PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64527 | |||||
| 1763-12-13T06:00 | 14.77 | 88.53 | 23 | ACHIN HEAD | S78E | 38.00 | 0 | NBE, NNE, VARIABLE, NEBN, NE, VARIABLE, NNE | SMOOTH WATER | FAIR PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64528 | |||||||
| 1763-12-14T06:00 | 15.43 | 88.15 | 11 | 1.0 | ACHIN HEAD | N29E | 45.00 | 0 | NNE, VARIABLE, NE, NEBE, ENE, NBE | LIGHT AIRS OF WIND | FAIR PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64529 | ||||||
| 1763-12-15T06:00 | 16.30 | 87.63 | 56 | 4.6 | ACHIN HEAD | S28W | 63.00 | 0 | ENE, NEBE, NEBN, NE, NEBE | PLEASANT LIGHT BREEZES | FINE WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64530 | ||||||
| 1763-12-16T06:00 | 16.67 | 88.17 | 56 | 9.3 | ACHIN HEAD | N65E | 33.00 | 0 | NEBN, NNE, NBE, NEBE | FINE BREEZES | PLEASANT WEATHER, DEW IN THE NIGHT | SMOOTH WATER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64531 | |||||
| 1763-12-17T06:00 | 17.27 | 88.23 | 23 | 19.0 | ACHIN HEAD | N10E | 27.00 | 0 | NE, NEBE, NNE, NBE, NEBN, ENE, NE, NNE | FRESH GALE | FAIR WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64532 | ||||||
| 1763-12-18T06:00 | 18.33 | 87.48 | 34 | ACHIN HEAD | N37E | 71.00 | 0 | NEBE, ENE, NEBE, VARIABLE, NE, NEBN, NEBN | SMOOTH WATER | FAIR PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64533 | |||||||
| 1763-12-19T06:00 | 18.55 | 88.05 | 11 | ACHIN HEAD | N72E | 34.00 | 0 | NNE, NBE, NNE, NBE, NEBN, NBE | SMOOTH WATER, SEA VERY MUCH DISCOLOURED | FAIR PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64534 | |||||||
| 1763-12-20T06:00 | 19.22 | 87.88 | 34 | 1.0 | ACHIN HEAD | N16W | 35.00 | 0 | NE, ENE, NNE, NBE, NBW, NEBN | SETT WNW | 3 FATHOMS | LIGHT AIRS | COOL WEATHER | SMOOTH WATER | FAIR PLEASANT WEATHER | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64535 |