Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -3.531712 * Median Longitude: 14.552252 * South-bound Latitude: -35.570000 * West-bound Longitude: -39.500000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.500000 * East-bound Longitude: 105.220000

Date/Time Start: 1852-05-12T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1852-08-31T12:00:00

Event(s):

Drie_Vrienden_18520512_O_REIS_1A_P1A-4A * Latitude Start: -6.100000 * Longitude Start: 106.860000 * Latitude End: 53.000000 * Longitude End: 4.490000 * Date/Time Start: 1852-05-12T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1852-08-31T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Drie Vrienden, Voyage: Batavia - Nieuwediep, 1st Observer: M.J.B. Noordhoek Stegh (Kapitein)

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Pressure, atmospheric	PPPP	hPa	No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
7	Temperature, air	TTT	°C
8	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
9	Watch	Watch		Name of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
10	Glasses	Glasses		Number of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
11	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12	Wind scale reference	Wind scale ref	#	Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
13	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the (outside) air thermometer
14	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the air pressure
15	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
16	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
17	Present weather	ww		Weather description
18	Precipitation description	Precip descr
19	State of the sea description	State sea descr
20	Cloud type	Cloud type
21	Clearness	Clearness
22	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
23	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
24	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
25	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
26	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
27	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
28	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
29	Comment	Comment
30	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

2238 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...)	7 TTT [°C]	8 - (1 If position is considered t...)	9 Watch (Name of the period of 4 hours...)	10 Glasses (Number of glasses within a wa...)	11 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	12 Wind scale ref [#] (Name of, or reference to the ...)	13 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...)	14 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure)	15 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	16 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	17 ww (Weather description)	18 Precip descr	19 State sea descr	20 Cloud type	21 Clearness	22 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported)	23 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	26 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...)	29 Comment	30 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1852-05-12T00:00			180		990.6	31.1	1	VM	8			88.00	2903.00	Z							0	0	0		62370
1852-05-13T05:00	-6.28	105.22	136	9.3	993.4	30.0		VM	8	1	5	86.00	2904.00	ZO	5					H00	0	0	0		62371
1852-05-14T05:00	-7.30	103.32	136	9.3	993.4	30.6		VM	8	1	5	87.00	2904.00	ZO	5				V01		0	0	0		62372
1852-05-15T05:00	-8.33	101.12	146	12.3	993.4	30.0		VM	8	0	6	86.00	2904.00	ZOTZ	6				V01		0	0	0		62373
1852-05-16T05:00	-9.28	98.32	135	12.3	993.4	28.9		VM	8	0	6	84.00	2904.00	ZO	6	W00					1	0	0		62374
1852-05-17T06:00	-10.17	95.20	145	12.3	993.4	29.4		VM	8	-1	6	85.00	2904.00	ZOTZ	6						0	0	0		62375
1852-05-18T06:00	-11.20	91.85	134	12.3	993.4	29.4		VM	8	-1	6	85.00	2904.00	ZO	6						0	0	0		62376
1852-05-19T06:00	-12.47	89.57	157	12.3	987.8	28.3		VM	8	-1	6	83.00	2902.00	ZZO	6				V01		0	0	0		62377
1852-05-20T06:00	-13.80	87.05	155	9.3	987.8	27.2		VM	8	-3	5	81.00	2902.00	ZZO	5			Z04	V01		0	0	0		62378
1852-05-21T06:00	-14.58	85.08	132	12.3	984.9	28.9		VM	8	-3	6	84.00	2901.00	ZO	6	W00	W20				1	1	0		62379
1852-05-22T06:00	-15.78	82.50	120	12.3	984.9	26.1		VM	8	-4	6	79.00	2901.00	ZOTO	6			Z01	V10		1	0	0		62380
1852-05-23T07:00	-16.75	79.68	154	12.3		27.8		VM	8	-4	6	82.00		ZZO	6				V03, V01		0	0	0		62381
1852-05-24T07:00	-17.43	76.73	130	12.3				VM	8	-5	6			ZO	6				V01, V00		0	0	0		62382
1852-05-25T07:00	-18.75	73.48	106	12.3		30.0		VM	8	-7	6	86.00		OZO	6				V00		0	0	0		62383
1852-05-26T07:00	-19.98	70.95	48	9.3				VM	8	-8	5			NOTO	5	W00	W20		V05		1	1	0		62384
1852-05-27T07:00	-21.45	69.13	362	2.6				VM	8	-8	2			VARIABEL	2	W00		Z00			1	0	0		62385
1852-05-28T07:00	-23.03	68.03	169	2.6				VM	8	-11	2			Z	2				V00		0	0	0		62386
1852-05-29T08:00	-23.27	67.23	78	6.7				VM	8	-12	4			O	4				V01		0	0	0		62387
1852-05-30T08:00	-24.20	65.82	168	1.0	1013.2	24.4		VM	8	-12	1	76.00	2911.00	Z	1				V01		0	0	0		62388
1852-05-31T08:00	-24.35	64.55	191	6.7	1013.2	24.4		VM	8	-12	4	76.00	2911.00	ZZW	4				V01		0	0	0		62389
1852-06-01T08:00	-24.22	63.45	213	12.3				VM	8	-12	6			ZW	6				V01		0	0	0		62390
1852-06-02T08:00	-24.23	60.30	133	12.3	1013.2	22.2		VM	8	-13	6	72.00	2911.00	ZOTZ	6			Z04			0	0	0		62391
1852-06-03T08:00	-25.03	57.23	165	4.6	999.1	22.2		VM	8	-15	3	72.00	2906.00	Z	3				V01		0	0	0		62392
1852-06-04T08:00	-25.70	55.22	255	12.3	990.6	20.0		VM	8	-15	6	68.00	2903.00	W	6				V03		0	0	0		62393
1852-06-05T08:00	-26.53	53.88	41	12.3	1021.3	23.3		VM	8	-15	6	74.00	766.00	NOTO	6			Z01			0	0	0		62394
1852-06-06T09:00	-27.53	51.02	47	6.7	1022.7	23.9		VM	8	-21	4	75.00	767.00	ONO	4			Z01	V01		0	0	0		62395
1852-06-07T09:00	-28.08	49.20	159	4.6	1022.7	23.3		VM	8	-21	3	74.00	767.00	N, Z	3	W33	W20		V06		0	1	1		62396
1852-06-08T09:00	-28.65	47.25	157	1.0	1022.7	23.3		VM	8	-23	1	74.00	767.00	Z	1	W33					0	0	1		62397
1852-06-09T09:00	-28.68	47.13	90	6.7	1022.7	22.8		VM	8	-23	4	73.00	767.00	OZO	4				V00		0	0	0		62398
1852-06-10T09:00	-28.50	44.68	247	12.3	1010.7	23.3		VM	8	-23	6	74.00	758.00	W	6	W30					0	0	1		62399
1852-06-11T09:00	-29.12	43.30	157	15.4	1016.0	20.0		VM	8	-23	7	68.00	762.00	Z	7				V04		0	0	0		62400
1852-06-12T09:00	-28.60	42.00	156	4.6	1024.0	18.9		VM	8	-24	3	66.00	768.00	Z	3			Z04			0	0	0		62401
1852-06-13T09:00	-28.97	40.83	179	2.6	1024.0	19.4		VM	8	-24	2	67.00	768.00	ZZW	2				V04		0	0	0		62402
1852-06-14T09:00	-29.38	39.67	201	4.6	1025.3	20.6		VM	8	-24	3	69.00	769.00	ZW	3				V04, V01		0	0	0		62403
1852-06-15T09:00	-29.43	38.80	156	9.3	1025.3	20.0		VM	8	-24	5	68.00	769.00	Z	5	W00	W20				1	1	0		62404
1852-06-16T10:00	-28.75	36.45	64	9.3	1021.3	21.1		VM	8	-26	5	70.00	766.00	O	5				V01		0	0	0		62405
1852-06-17T10:00	-29.43	34.55	312	12.3	1020.0	21.7		VM	8	-26	6	71.00	765.00	NNW	6				V00		0	0	0		62406
1852-06-18T10:00	-30.35	33.72	199	19.0	1021.3	15.6		VM	8	-26	8	60.00	766.00	ZW	8			Z01			0	0	0	a trivial correction was made in this observation	62407
1852-06-19T10:00	-30.43	32.53	188	12.3	1018.7	21.1		VM	8	-26	6	70.00	764.00	ZWTZ	6				V00		0	0	0	a trivial correction was made in this observation	62408
1852-06-20T10:00	-31.82	30.45	356	9.3	1020.0	20.0		VM	8	-27	5	68.00	765.00	NNO	5				V00		0	0	0		62409
1852-06-21T10:00	-33.20	28.37	320	9.3	1020.0	19.4		VM	8	-29	5	67.00	765.00	NTW	5				V00		0	0	0		62410
1852-06-22T10:00	-34.00	26.08	150	9.3	1016.0	20.6		VM	8	-30		69.00	762.00	Z	5				V01		0	0	0		62411
1852-06-23T10:00	-34.85	24.82	38	12.3	1012.0	18.9		VM	8	-30	6	66.00	759.00	ONO	6					H01	0	0	0		62412
1852-06-24T11:00	-34.63	21.55	240	19.0	1013.3	17.8		VM	8	-30	8	64.00	760.00	W	8	W33					0	0	1		62413
1852-06-25T11:00	-35.57	21.30	218	15.4	1014.7	17.8		VM	8	-30	7	64.00	761.00	WZW	7			Z00	V04		0	0	0		62414
1852-06-26T11:00	-34.95	20.98	240	1.0	1014.7	17.2		VM	8	-30	1	63.00	761.00	W	1				V00		0	0	0		62415
1852-06-27T11:00	-34.72	20.82	60	2.6	1016.0	20.0		VM	8	-30	2	68.00	762.00	O	2				V00		0	0	0		62416
1852-06-28T11:00	-34.98	20.00	71	12.3	1014.7	16.7		VM	8	-30	6	62.00	761.00	OTZ	6				V00		0	0	0		62417
1852-06-29T11:00	-34.47	17.28	196	4.6	1017.3	17.2		VM	8	-29	3	63.00	763.00	ZW	3				V00		0	0	0		62418
1852-06-30T11:00	-33.42	16.68	151	4.6				VM	8	-29	3			Z	3				V04		0	0	0		62419
1852-07-01T11:00	-32.43	15.23	152	12.3	1017.3	18.9		VM	8	-28	6	66.00	763.00	Z	6				V00		0	0	0		62420
1852-07-02T11:00	-30.80	13.40	208	6.7	1017.3	16.1		VM	8	-28	4	61.00	763.00	ZWTW	4				V00		0	0	0		62421
1852-07-03T11:00	-29.25	12.17	287	2.6	1017.3	18.3		VM	8	-28	2	65.00	763.00	NW	2				V00, V04		0	0	0		62422
1852-07-04T11:00	-28.10	11.45	163	4.6	1017.3	17.8		VM	8	-28	3	64.00	763.00	ZTW	3				V04		0	0	0		62423
1852-07-05T11:00	-27.17	10.57	209	9.3	1016.0	17.8		VM	8	-27	5	64.00	762.00	ZWTW	5	W00					1	0	0		62424
1852-07-06T11:00	-25.87	9.25	131	12.3	1020.0	17.2		VM	8	-27	6	63.00	765.00	ZZO	6				V00		0	0	0		62425
1852-07-07T12:00	-24.20	6.90	109	12.3	1017.3	18.9		VM	8	-26	6	66.00	763.00	ZO	6	W00	W20		V04		1	1	0		62426
1852-07-08T12:00	-22.17	4.32	110	12.3	1016.0	20.6		VM	8	-25	6	69.00	762.00	ZO	6			Z00	V05		0	0	0		62427
1852-07-09T12:00	-20.25	1.48	110	12.3	1016.0	19.4		VM	8	-25	6	67.00	762.00	ZO	6	W00					1	0	0		62428
1852-07-10T12:00	-18.37	-1.43	110	12.3	1013.3	20.0		VM	8	-25	6	68.00	760.00	ZO	6	W00					1	0	0		62429
1852-07-11T12:00	-16.63	-3.85	90	9.3				VM	8	-23	5			OZO	5	W00			V05		1	0	0		62430
1852-07-12T12:00	-15.87	-5.23	90	9.3	1014.7	20.6		VM	8	-23	5	69.00	761.00	OZO	5				V04		0	0	0		62431
1852-07-13T12:00	-15.10	-6.60	90	12.3	1014.7	21.7		VM	8	-23	6	71.00	761.00	OZO	6				V04		0	0	0		62432
1852-07-14T13:00	-13.52	-8.42	114	9.3	1014.7	23.9		VM	8	-21	5	75.00	761.00	ZO	5				V00		0	0	0		62433
1852-07-15T13:00	-12.12	-9.73	114	2.6	1014.7	23.9		VM	8	-21	2	75.00	761.00	ZO	2				V00		0	0	0		62434
1852-07-16T13:00	-11.43	-10.65	47	6.7	1014.7	24.4		VM	8	-21	4	76.00	761.00	ONO	4				V00		0	0	0		62435
1852-07-17T13:00	-10.35	-11.72	103	12.3	1014.7	23.9		VM	8	-21	6	75.00	761.00	ZOTO	6				V01		0	0	0		62436
1852-07-18T13:00	-8.92	-13.75	105	9.3	1014.7	26.7		VM	8	-19	5	80.00	761.00	ZOTO	5				V00	H01	0	0	0		62437
1852-07-19T13:00	-6.87	-15.52	116	12.3	1014.7	26.7		VM	8	-19	6	80.00	761.00	ZO	6				V00		0	0	0		62438
1852-07-20T13:00	-4.92	-17.30	116	4.6				VM	8	-19	3			ZO	3					H01	0	0	0		62439
1852-07-21T13:00	-3.98	-18.20	118	9.3	1014.7	24.4		VM	8	-17	5	76.00	761.00	ZO	5					H01	0	0	0		62440
1852-07-22T13:00	-2.43	-19.02	96	4.6	1014.7	25.6		VM	8	-17	3	78.00	761.00	OZO	3					H01	0	0	0		62441
1852-07-23T13:00	-1.23	-19.57	96	12.3	1014.7	25.6		VM	8	-17	6	78.00	761.00	OZO	6					H00	0	0	0		62442
1852-07-24T13:00	0.72	-21.13	118	12.3	1014.7	26.7		VM	8	-17	6	80.00	761.00	ZO	6				V00		0	0	0		62443
1852-07-25T14:00	3.07	-22.72	209	6.7	1014.7	24.4		VM	8	-16	4	76.00	761.00	ZW	4				V10		1	0	0		62444
1852-07-26T14:00	4.97	-23.13	175	12.3	1014.7	23.9		VM	8	-16	6	75.00	761.00	ZTW	6				V10		1	0	0		62445
1852-07-27T14:00	7.30	-23.53	209	12.3	998.7	23.9		VM	8	-16	6	75.00	749.00	ZW	6		W20		V10		1	1	0		62446
1852-07-28T14:00	10.02	-23.94	298	12.3	998.7	23.9		VM	8	-17	6	75.00	749.00	NW	6		W20		V05		0	1	0		62447
1852-07-29T14:00	12.95	-24.35	343	4.6	1004.0	26.7		VM	8	-17	3	80.00	753.00	N	3	W00	W20				1	1	0		62448
1852-07-30T14:00	13.70	-24.75	321	9.3	1004.0	28.9		VM	8	-17	5	84.00	753.00	NNW	5				V00, V04		0	0	0		62449
1852-07-31T14:00	13.93	-26.77	28	9.3				VM	8	-17	5			NO	5		W20		V10		1	1	0		62450
1852-08-01T14:00	14.92	-28.60	30	12.3				VM	8	-15	6			NO	6	W00			V01		1	0	0		62451
1852-08-02T14:00	16.93	-30.23	41	12.3	1004.0	26.1		VM	8	-15	6	79.00	753.00	NOTO	6				V01		0	0	0		62452
1852-08-03T14:00	19.20	-32.16	343	12.3	1000.0	26.7		VM	8	-17	6	80.00	750.00	N	6				V01		0	0	0		62453
1852-08-04T14:00	21.48	-34.08	19	9.3	1008.0	28.3		VM	8	-15	5	83.00	756.00	NOTN	5				V04		0	0	0		62454
1852-08-05T14:00	23.53	-35.52	73	6.7	1000.0	29.4		VM	8	-17	4	85.00	750.00	O	4					H00	0	0	0		62455
1852-08-06T14:00	25.00	-36.53	51	12.3	1000.0	27.8		VM	8	-17	6	82.00	750.00	ONO	6				V01		0	0	0		62456
1852-08-07T14:00	26.90	-37.37	51	12.3	1004.0	26.7		VM	8	-17	6	80.00	753.00	ONO	6	W00					1	0	0		62457
1852-08-08T15:00	29.43	-38.52	51	9.3	1006.7	27.8		VM	8	-17	5	82.00	755.00	ONO	5				V04		0	0	0		62458
1852-08-09T15:00	31.65	-39.30	332	2.6	1002.7	28.3		VM	8	-17	2	83.00	752.00	NTW	2					H00	0	0	0		62459
1852-08-10T15:00	31.90	-39.33	51	2.6	1000.0	30.0		VM	8	-17	2	86.00	750.00	ONO	2				V04		0	0	0		62460
1852-08-11T15:00	32.53	-39.50	103	4.6	1000.0	30.0		VM	8	-21	3	86.00	750.00	ZOTO	3				V01		0	0	0		62461
1852-08-12T15:00	33.40	-39.15	114	6.7				VM	8	-21	4			ZO	4					H00	0	0	0		62462
1852-08-13T15:00	34.82	-38.33	227	12.3				VM	8	-21	6			WZW	6				V00		0	0	0		62463
1852-08-14T14:00	36.18	-36.18	214	12.3				VM	8	-22	6			ZWTW	6	W00	W20				1	1	0		62464
1852-08-15T14:00	37.45	-33.67	1	9.3				VM	8	-22	5			NNO	5	W00					1	0	0		62465
1852-08-16T14:00	38.07	-31.10	19	4.6				VM	8	-26	3			NO	3				V00	H01	0	0	0		62466
1852-08-17T14:00	38.48	-30.67	132	12.3				VM	8	-26	6			ZZO	6				V01		0	0	0		62467
1852-08-18T14:00	40.22	-28.83	244	12.3				VM	8	-26	6			W	6				V04		0	0	0		62468
1852-08-19T14:00	41.38	-26.76	20	9.3				VM	8	-25	5			NO	5				V04		0	0	0		62469
1852-08-20T14:00	41.25	-24.68	110	6.7				VM	8	-25	4			ZO	4				V04	H00	0	0	0		62470
1852-08-21T14:00	42.13	-22.60	110	6.7				VM	8	-25	4			ZO	4				V04		0	0	0		62471
1852-08-22T13:00	43.72	-21.32	142	2.6				VM	8	-27	2			ZTO	2				V00		0	0	0		62472
1852-08-23T13:00	44.43	-19.97	221	6.7				VM	8	-27	4			WZW	4				V04		0	0	0		62473
1852-08-24T13:00	45.23	-17.92	288	12.3				VM	8	-27	6			NW	6		W20		V10		1	1	0		62474
1852-08-25T13:00	46.83	-14.40	357	12.3				VM	8	-26	6			NNO	6				V00	H00	0	0	0		62475
1852-08-26T13:00	47.58	-10.20	42	1.0				VM	8	-26	1			ONO	1				V01		0	0	0		62476
1852-08-27T13:00	47.75	-8.30		0.0				VM	8	-26					STIL				V04		0	0	0		62477
1852-08-28T13:00	47.93	-7.78	199	12.3				VM	8	-26	6			ZW	6				V01		0	0	0		62478
1852-08-29T12:00	49.02	-5.85	201	9.3				VM	8	-24	5			ZW	5				V00		0	0	0		62479
1852-08-30T12:00	50.08	-2.90	235	12.3			1	VM	8	-24	6			WTZ	6					H00	0	0	0		62480
1852-08-31T12:00	50.50	-0.78					1	VM	8	-22											0	0	0		62481