García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during DREADNOUGHT cruise from Spithead to Nevis started at 1756-02-03 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.748676, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 21.830000 * Median Longitude: -36.661786 * South-bound Latitude: 16.330000 * West-bound Longitude: -60.140000 * North-bound Latitude: 32.620000 * East-bound Longitude: -16.720000
Date/Time Start: 1756-03-01T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1756-04-02T16:00:00
Event(s):
Dreadnought_17560203_NMM_ADM/L/D228 * Latitude Start: 50.680000 * Longitude Start: -0.960000 * Latitude End: 16.530000 * Longitude End: -60.140000 * Date/Time Start: 1756-03-01T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1756-04-02T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Dreadnought (3rd Rate Frigate), Voyage: Spithead - Nevis, 1st Observer: Maurice Suckling (Captain), 2nd Observer: Andrew Dishington (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 60 GUNS. 1068 BM
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 10 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 11 | Comment | Comment | Any remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about the ship, sails, rigging, etc. | |||
| 12 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 13 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 14 | Current direction description | Cur dir descr | Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to. | |||
| 15 | Current speed description | V descr | ||||
| 16 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 17 | Precipitation description | Precip descr | ||||
| 18 | Clearness | Clearness | ||||
| 19 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 20 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 21 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 22 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 23 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 24 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 25 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 26 | Comment | Comment | ||||
| 27 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
538 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 10 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 11 Comment (Any remark, found in the logb...) | 12 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 13 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 14 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...) | 15 V descr | 16 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 17 Precip descr | 18 Clearness | 19 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 20 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 21 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 22 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 23 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 24 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 25 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 26 Comment | 27 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1756-03-01T13:00 | 32.62 | -16.72 | 53 | 9.3 | RAMHEAD | N26:20E | 1185 | N79:40W | 34.00 | -15 | ENE | AT 1PM FRESH BREEZES | AT 1PM HAZY, AT 4 CLEAR, AT 10 HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60788 | |||||
| 1756-03-02T13:00 | 32.43 | -17.64 | 56 | 1.0 | MADEIRA | WNW | 24 | WBS1/4S | 47.00 | -12 | ESE, NE, ENE | AT 1AND 4PM LIGHT AIRS | AT 1 AND 4PM CLEAR, AT 8 CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60789 | |||||
| 1756-03-08T13:00 | 31.27 | -18.32 | 67 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N34:30E | 97 | S34:30W | 97.00 | -12 | SEBE, EBS, NE, EBS, EBN | AT 1PM MODERATE, AT 7 FRESH GALES | AT 1PM CLOUDY, AT 7 HAZY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60790 | |||||
| 1756-03-09T13:00 | 29.40 | -20.09 | 112 | MADEIRA | N27:51E | 240 | SW1/2S | 145.00 | -12 | E, SEBE | 1 AND 9PM FRESH GALES | AT 1PM HAZY, AT 9 CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60791 | ||||||
| 1756-03-10T13:00 | 28.42 | -21.12 | 123 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N38:53E | 321 | SW1/2S | 80.00 | -12 | ESE, SE | AT 1PM FRESH BREEZES, AT 5 LIGHT AIRS, AT 6AM MODERATE | AT 1PM CLEAR, AT 5 HAZY, AT 6AM FAIR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60792 | |||||
| 1756-03-11T13:00 | 27.65 | -21.99 | 56 | 1.0 | MADEIRA | N39:38E | 321 | SW | 65.00 | -12 | EBN, ENE | AT 1PM LIGHT AIRS | AT 1PM CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60793 | |||||
| 1756-03-12T14:00 | 26.07 | -23.77 | 70 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N41:05E | 519 | SW | 135.00 | -9 | E, ENE, EBN | AT 1 AND 12 NOON PM FRESH GALES | AT 1PM CLEAR, AT 12 NOON CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60794 | |||||
| 1756-03-13T14:00 | 24.05 | -25.52 | 59 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N42E | 651 | S46W | 131.00 | -9 | ENE | AT 1, 10PM,12 NOON FRESH GALES | AT 1PM CLOUDY, 10 HAZY, AT 12 NOON CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60795 | |||||
| 1756-03-14T14:00 | 23.32 | -27.16 | 47 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N42:55E | 772 | S47W | 122.00 | -9 | NEBE | AT 1PM MODERATE, AT 12 MODERATE, AT 12 NOON MODERATE | AT 1PM CLEAR, AT 12 CLEAR, AT 12 NOON CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60796 | |||||
| 1756-03-15T14:00 | 22.38 | -29.19 | 62 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N45:52E | 882 | S72W | 118.00 | -6 | ENE | AT 1PM MODERATE, AT 6AM FRESH GALES | AT 1PM CLEAR, AT 6AM CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60797 | |||||
| 1756-03-16T14:00 | 21.83 | -30.94 | 62 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N48:24E | 973 | S71W | 103.00 | -6 | NE, ENE | AT 1PM MODERATE, AT 6 MODERATE, AT 10 LIGHT BRREZES, AT 12 NOON MODERATE | AT 1PM CLEAR. AT 6 CLEAR, AT 10 CLOUDY AT 12 CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60798 | |||||
| 1756-03-17T14:00 | 21.20 | -32.49 | 62 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N50E | 1065 | S66W | 94.00 | -6 | ENE | AT 1PM LIGHT BREEZES, AT 8 MODERATE, AT 12 NOON MODERATE | AT 1PM CLOUDY, AT 8 CLEAR, AT 12 NOON CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60799 | |||||
| 1756-03-18T14:00 | 20.63 | -34.54 | 86 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N53:15E | 1176 | WBS1/2S | 120.00 | -4 | ENE, EBN, E | AT 1PM MODERATE, AT 11 FRESH GALES, AT 12 NOON FRESH GALES | AT 1PM CLEAR, AT 11 CLOUDY, AT 12 NOON CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60800 | |||||
| 1756-03-19T14:00 | 20.07 | -36.51 | 131 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N53:56E | 1277 | WBS1/2S | 116.00 | -4 | SE, SEBS, SE | AT 1PM FRESH GALES, AT 6AM FRESH GALES | AT 1PM CLOUDY, AT 6AM CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60801 | |||||
| 1756-03-20T15:00 | 19.78 | -37.92 | 167 | 1.0 | MADEIRA | N55:17E | 1350 | WBS1/4S | 82.00 | -2 | SE, SEBS, SBE | AT 1PM FRESH GALES, AT 10 MODERATE, AT 5AM LIGHT AIRS AT 12 NOON LIGHT AIRS | AT 1PM CLEAR, AT 10 CLEAR, AT 5 CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60802 | |||||
| 1756-03-21T15:00 | 19.78 | -39.16 | 347 | 2.6 | MADEIRA | N56:49E | 1405 | W | 69.00 | AT 7 WE WAS TAKEN ABACK | -2 | SBE, S, SWBS, NBW | AT 1PM LIGHT AIRS, AT 12 FRESH GALES, AT 6AM SQUALLY, AT 12 NOON LIGHT BREES | AT 6AM HEAVY RAIN | AT 1PM CLOUDY, AT 12 CLOUDY, AT 12 NOON CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60803 | |||
| 1756-03-22T15:00 | 19.28 | -40.26 | 21 | 1.0 | MADEIRA | N57:09E | 1472 | W24S | 69.00 | -2 | NWBN, NNW, N, NNE | SW | 10 | AT 1PM LIGHT AIRS | AT 1PM CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60804 | |||
| 1756-03-23T15:00 | 18.97 | -41.41 | 88 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N57:50E | 1536 | W15S | 69.00 | -2 | E | AT 1PM LIGHT BREEZES, AT 11 AND 1AM MODERATE, AT 12 NOON MODERATE | AT 1PM CLOUDY, AT 11 AND 1AM CLEAR, AT 12 NOON CLE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60805 | |||||
| 1756-03-24T15:00 | 18.63 | -43.12 | 112 | 2.6 | MADEIRA | N58:55E | 1623 | WBS1/4S | 81.00 | -1 | ESE | AT 1PM LIGHT BREEZES, AT 10 AND 12 LIGHT AIRS, AT 12 NOON LIGHT BREEZES | AT 1PM CLEAR, AT 10 AND 12 CLEAR, AT 12 NOON CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60806 | |||||
| 1756-03-25T15:00 | 18.37 | -43.99 | 100 | 9.3 | MADEIRA | N59:23E | 1678 | W13S | 70.00 | -1 | EBS | AT 1PM LIGHT AIRS, AT 12 NOON FRESH BREEZES | AT 1AND 12PM CLEAR, AT 12 NOON CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60807 | |||||
| 1756-03-26T15:00 | 17.93 | -46.09 | 67 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N60:34E | 1791 | W12S | 123.00 | -1 | EBN, ENE | AT 1,4, 10PM FRESH GALES, AT 9 FRESH GALES | AT 1,4 10 PM CLEAR, AT 9 CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60808 | |||||
| 1756-03-27T15:00 | 17.55 | -48.01 | 101 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N61:32E | 1895 | W12S | 112.00 | 0 | EBS, EBN, EBS | AT 1PM FRESH BREEZES, AT 12 FRESH GALES | AT 1PM CLEAR, AT 12 CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60809 | |||||
| 1756-03-28T15:00 | 17.12 | -50.07 | 81 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N62:26E | 2010 | W12S | 122.00 | 2 | EBN | AT 1PM FRESH GALES, AT 8 MODERATE, AT 8AM AND 12 NOON FRESH GALES | AT 1PM CLEAR, AT 8 CLOUDY, AT 8AM AND 12 NOON CLO | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60810 | |||||
| 1756-03-29T15:00 | 16.78 | -52.04 | 92 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N63:23E | W10S | 114.00 | 2 | ESE, EBS, E | AT 1PM MODERATE, AT 10 AND 5 FRESH GALES | AT 1PM CLEAR, AT 10 AND 5 CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60811 | ||||||
| 1756-03-30T16:00 | 16.43 | -54.07 | 71 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N64:10E | 2236 | W10S | 119.00 | 3 | EBS, E, ENE | AT 1PM MODERATE, AT 1 AND 4AM FRESH GALES, AT 12 FRESH GALES | AT 1PM CLEAR, AT 1AND 4AM CLOUDY, AT 12 CLEAR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60812 | |||||
| 1756-03-31T16:00 | 16.33 | -56.21 | 71 | 6.7 | MADEIRA | N65:15E | 2342 | W1/4S | 123.00 | 3 | EBN, ENE | AT 1PM, 4PM, AND 1AM FRESH GALES, AT 12 MODERATE | AT 1PM, 4PM, AND 1AM CLOUDY, AT 12 CLOUDY | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60813 | |||||
| 1756-04-01T16:00 | 16.42 | -58.04 | 362 | 1.0 | MADEIRA | N66:24E | 2434 | W1/4N | 106.00 | 4 | W, EBN, ENE, VARIABLE | AT 1PM MODERATE, AT 9 FRESH GALES, AT 5AM SQUALLY, AT 11 LIGHT AIRS | AT 5AM HEAVY RAIN, AT 11 RAIN | AT 1PM FAIR, AT 9 CLEAR, AT 11 CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 60814 | |||
| 1756-04-02T16:00 | 16.53 | -60.14 | 72 | 19.0 | MADEIRA | N67:36E | 2542 | W1/4N | 121.00 | 4 | EBN, ENE | AT 1PM MODERATE, AT 10 FRESH GALES, AT 1AM SQUALLY, AT 5 AND 12 NOON FRESH GALES | AT 1PM DRIZZLING RAIN, AT 1AM RAIN | AT 1PM HAZY, AT 10 CLOUDY, AT 5AND 12 NOON CLOUDY | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | a trivial correction was made in this observation | 60815 |