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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during Doctrina et Amicitia cruise from Nieuwediep to Batavia started at 1847-12-22 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.748559, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -12.260481 * Median Longitude: 24.452212 * South-bound Latitude: -41.270000 * West-bound Longitude: -33.180000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.580000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000
Date/Time Start: 1847-12-22T20:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1848-04-03T13:00:00
Event(s):
Doctrina_et_Amicitia_18471222_O_REIS_15_P131-156 * Latitude Start: 53.000000 * Longitude Start: 4.490000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1847-12-22T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1848-04-03T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Doctrina Et Amicitia (Fregat), Voyage: Nieuwediep - Batavia, 1st Observer: P. J. Kerkhoven (Kapitein)
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
11 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
12 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
13 LandmarkLandmarkName of third landmark
14 BearingBearingBearing of the third landmark
15 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
16 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
17 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
18 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
19 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
20 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
21 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
22 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
23 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
24 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
25 Present weatherwwWeather description
26 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
27 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
28 Cloud typeCloud type
29 ClearnessClearness
30 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
31 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
32 FogFog1 If fog was reported
33 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
34 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
35 HailHail1 If hail was reported
36 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
37 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
2180 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
11 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
12 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
13 
Landmark
(Name of third landmark)
14 
Bearing
(Bearing of the third landmark)
15 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
16 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
17 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
18 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
19 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
20 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
21 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
22 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
23 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
24 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
25 
ww
(Weather description)
26 
Precip descr
27 
State sea descr
28 
Cloud type
29 
Clearness
30 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
31 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
32 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
33 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
34 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
35 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
36 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
37 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1847-12-22T20:0051.582.383626.7999.16.71PV8-22444.0029.50VARIABEL4V04H10000000055369
1847-12-23T20:0051.101.601366.71PV8-224ZZO4000000055370
1847-12-24T20:0050.12-1.95112.31009.26.71PV8-22644.0029.80NNO6V06000000055371
1847-12-25T20:0049.20-6.98209.31021.17.2PV8-25545.0030.15NO5V10000000055372
1847-12-26T21:0047.62-9.65186.71022.88.9PV8-27448.0030.20NO4V01000000055373
1847-12-27T21:0045.98-11.63216.71026.110.6PV8-24451.0030.30NO4000000055374
1847-12-28T21:0044.62-12.533622.61029.510.6PV8-26251.0030.40OMLOPEND2V05000000055375
1847-12-29T21:0043.07-12.372249.31019.413.3PV8-24556.0030.10WZW5W20V06010000055376
1847-12-30T21:0040.25-14.2032512.31033.612.8PV8-24655.0030.52NTW6W00W20V01110000055377
1847-12-31T21:0037.38-16.0031612.31022.812.8PV8-22655.0030.20NNW6V04000000055378
1848-01-01T21:0035.47-17.153621.01026.114.4PV8-22158.0030.30RONDLOPEND1V00, V04000000055379
1848-01-02T21:0035.45-17.6521315.41022.815.6PV8-23760.0030.20ZWTW7V10000000055380
1848-01-03T21:0035.03-18.682586.71024.516.1PV8-23461.0030.25WTN4V00, V04000000055381
1848-01-04T21:0032.37-19.132279.31024.816.7PV8-21562.0030.26WZW5V10000000055382
1848-01-05T21:0030.28-20.0526012.31026.118.3PV8-21665.0030.30WTN6W20V10010000055383
1848-01-06T21:0027.20-21.802512.31026.118.9PV8-20666.0030.30NO6V10000000055384
1848-01-07T22:0023.90-23.50719.31022.120.0PV8-19568.0030.18O5V07000000055385
1848-01-08T22:0020.43-24.783812.31020.720.0PV8-18668.0030.14NOTO6H01000000055386
1848-01-09T22:0017.18-25.926212.31021.720.0PV8-17668.0030.17OTN6V00, V04000000055387
1848-01-10T22:0013.78-25.486212.31017.722.2PV8-17672.0030.05OTN6000000055388
1848-01-11T22:0010.80-24.22529.31016.023.3PV8-16574.0030.00ONO5V00, V04000000055389
1848-01-12T22:008.13-23.08406.71016.024.4PV8-16476.0030.00NOTO4000000055390
1848-01-13T21:006.23-22.02286.71015.025.6PV8-17478.0029.97NO4V00, V04000000055391
1848-01-14T21:004.73-21.28516.71014.026.1PV8-17479.0029.94ONO4W00V05100000055392
1848-01-15T21:003.48-20.133621.01014.325.6PV8-17178.0029.95VARIABEL1V07000000055393
1848-01-16T21:003.32-19.282312.61014.026.7PV8-17280.0029.94WZW2V00, V04000000055394
1848-01-17T21:002.55-19.271869.31016.027.8PV8-17582.0030.00ZZW5V07000000055395
1848-01-18T21:002.07-20.021744.6PV8-173ZTW3V00, V04000000055396
1848-01-19T21:001.22-21.601639.31016.026.7PV8-17580.0030.00Z5V07000000055397
1848-01-20T22:000.05-23.671546.71016.026.7PV8-15480.0030.00ZTO4V00000000055398
1848-01-21T22:00-1.08-25.601439.31020.726.7PV8-15580.0030.14ZZO5V00, V04000000055399
1848-01-22T22:00-2.78-27.221449.31016.026.7PV8-14580.0030.00ZZO5V00, V04000000055400
1848-01-23T22:00-5.22-28.701139.31018.026.7PV8-11580.0030.06ZOTO5V00, V04000000055401
1848-01-24T22:00-8.32-29.5210212.31019.426.7PV8-11680.0030.10OZO6000000055402
1848-01-25T22:00-11.45-30.2710212.31019.426.7PV8-11680.0030.10OZO6V00, V04000000055403
1848-01-26T22:00-14.58-30.8210312.31021.126.1PV8-10679.0030.15OZO6W00100000055404
1848-01-27T22:00-17.12-31.48919.31020.426.1PV8-10579.0030.13OTZ5V00, V04000000055405
1848-01-28T22:00-19.85-31.531049.31021.726.7PV8-9580.0030.17OZO5V00, V04000000055406
1848-01-29T22:00-22.40-32.381156.71023.427.2PV8-9481.0030.22ZOTO4V00, V04000000055407
1848-01-30T22:00-24.10-33.151192.61023.427.8PV8-5282.0030.22ZOTO2V00000000055408
1848-01-31T22:00-24.70-33.183332.61021.427.2PV8-5281.0030.16NNW2000000055409
1848-02-01T22:00-25.13-32.38262.61021.127.2PV8-8281.0030.15NOTN2000000055410
1848-02-02T22:00-25.72-31.652512.61022.128.3PV8-8283.0030.18WTZS002V00, V04000000055411
1848-02-03T22:00-26.33-31.003411.01020.027.2PV8-8181.0030.12NTW1V04000000055412
1848-02-04T22:00-27.82-30.00169.31018.026.7PV8-7580.0030.06NNO5V05000000055413
1848-02-05T22:00-30.17-26.5235012.31016.026.7PV8-10680.0030.00N6V00, V04000000055414
1848-02-06T22:00-32.28-23.1330512.31017.725.6PV8-10678.0030.05NW6V04000000055415
1848-02-07T21:00-32.65-22.133622.61022.423.9PV8-12275.0030.19RONDLOPENDS012V03000000055416
1848-02-08T21:00-33.18-20.732922.61023.424.4PV8-12276.0030.22NWTW2V00, V04000000055417
1848-02-09T21:00-34.07-18.282819.31023.425.6PV8-12578.0030.22WNW5V05000000055418
1848-02-10T21:00-35.25-14.952109.31020.423.9PV8-15575.0030.13ZW5V04000000055419
1848-02-11T21:00-35.60-10.921629.31018.021.1PV8-18570.0030.06Z5V00000000055420
1848-02-12T21:00-36.18-7.582979.31016.021.7PV8-18571.0030.00NW5V00, V04000000055421
1848-02-13T20:00-36.73-3.182279.3PV8-215NW-WZW5W00W20V10110000055422
1848-02-14T20:00-36.68-1.7516712.31011.921.1PV8-24670.0029.88ZTW6W20V04, V10010000055423
1848-02-15T20:00-37.373.0022212.31013.318.3PV8-26665.0029.92WZW6000000055424
1848-02-16T20:00-37.737.2027919.0999.119.4PV8-25867.0029.50NWTW8V05, V10000000055425
1848-02-17T19:00-38.3511.7819819.01008.517.8PV8-27864.0029.78ZW8V10000000055426
1848-02-18T19:00-38.7215.073629.31012.617.2PV8-29563.0029.90RONDLOPEND5W40V10000010055427
1848-02-19T19:00-38.6717.5315019.01014.316.1PV8-30861.0029.95Z8Z01000000055428
1848-02-20T19:00-39.1521.102749.31017.317.2PV8-30563.0030.04NWTW5V01000000055429
1848-02-21T18:00-38.9224.70931.01019.418.9PV8-31166.0030.10ZOTO1V00000000055430
1848-02-22T18:00-39.3727.323299.31016.020.0PV8-31568.0030.00N5V00, V04000000055431
1848-02-23T18:00-40.0531.351412.31011.620.6PV8-31669.0029.87NO6V00, V04000000055432
1848-02-24T18:00-41.1335.3235215.41004.820.6PV8-31769.0029.67NNO7000000055433
1848-02-25T17:00-41.2738.781739.31007.219.4PV8-30567.0029.74W-ZZW5V05000000055434
1848-02-26T17:00-40.6242.253196.71007.517.8PV8-30464.0029.75OMLOPEND-NTW4Z01V00, V04000000055435
1848-02-27T17:00-40.2846.7526422.61008.217.8PV8-29964.0029.77WNW9DEINSIGGE LUCHT000000055436
1848-02-28T17:00-40.0851.5820812.31021.116.1PV8-28661.0030.15ZWTW6V01000000055437
1848-02-29T16:00-40.0755.2829915.41020.718.3PV8-27765.0030.14NWTN7V04000000055438
1848-03-01T16:00-40.0259.5022219.01016.018.9PV8-26866.0030.00NWTW-WZW8W20V05010000055439
1848-03-02T16:00-40.0264.582346.71021.116.7PV8-25462.0030.15WTZ4V00, V04000000055440
1848-03-03T15:00-39.7268.5526912.31011.917.2PV8-24663.0029.88WNW6V00, V04000000055441
1848-03-04T15:00-39.2072.7230315.41016.018.9ST PAULUSN6PV8-23766.0030.00NWTN7V00, V04000000055442
1848-03-05T15:00-39.0877.1036015.41019.418.9PV8-23766.0030.10NNO7AFWISSELEND000000055443
1848-03-06T15:00-38.8281.58115.41021.119.4PV8-22767.0030.15NNO7V00000000055444
1848-03-07T14:00-38.6586.273519.31026.118.9PV8-20566.0030.30NTO5V00, V04000000055445
1848-03-08T14:00-37.2289.3311012.31021.718.3PV8-14665.0030.17ZOTO6V10000000055446
1848-03-09T14:00-35.9291.4392.61023.418.9PV8-14266.0030.22NNO2V00, V04000000055447
1848-03-10T14:00-36.2793.45326.71024.819.4PV8-13467.0030.26NO4V01000000055448
1848-03-11T14:00-35.9793.90106.71022.119.4PV8-13467.0030.18NNO4V00, V04000000055449
1848-03-12T14:00-35.7794.30106.71020.720.0PV8-13468.0030.14NNO4V00000000055450
1848-03-13T14:00-35.4895.123584.61022.120.0PV8-13368.0030.18NTO3V00, V04000000055451
1848-03-14T13:00-35.0897.523376.71022.820.6PV8-12469.0030.20NTW4V00000000055452
1848-03-15T13:00-34.0799.833144.61024.120.0PV8-12368.0030.24NWTN3V00000000055453
1848-03-16T13:00-33.77100.203261.0PV8-121NNW1V00000000055454
1848-03-17T13:00-32.82100.081014.61025.521.1PV8-12370.0030.28OZO3V00, V04000000055455
1848-03-18T13:00-29.78100.3010412.31019.420.0PV8-9668.0030.10OZO6V00, V04000000055456
1848-03-19T13:00-26.13101.4010715.41017.722.2PV8-6772.0030.05OZO7V01000000055457
1848-03-20T13:00-22.78102.539615.41016.021.7PV8-5771.0030.00OTZ7V00, V04000000055458
1848-03-21T13:00-19.35103.5212112.31014.024.4PV8-3676.0029.94ZOTOS006V00, V04000000055459
1848-03-22T13:00-17.40104.151122.61011.926.7PV8-2280.0029.88OZO2V00000000055460
1848-03-23T13:00-16.62103.78441.01014.027.2PV8-2181.0029.94NO1V00000000055461
1848-03-24T13:00-14.65103.60784.61014.627.8PV8-2382.0029.96OTN3V00000000055462
1848-03-25T13:00-12.45103.90566.71014.328.9PV80484.0029.95NOTO4AFWISSELEND000000055463
1848-03-26T13:00-10.60103.333602.61016.728.9PV80284.0030.02ONO-N2V10000000055464
1848-03-27T13:00-9.68104.071134.61016.728.9PV80384.0030.02OZO3V00000000055465
1848-03-28T13:00-8.77104.552481.01016.728.9PV80184.0030.02WZW1000000055466
1848-03-29T13:00-7.87105.303152.61016.029.4PV80285.0030.00NW2V00, V04000000055467
1848-03-30T13:00-7.25105.273056.71016.029.4PV81485.0030.00NWTW4V00, V04000000055468
1848-03-31T13:00-7.42104.883052.61016.029.4PV81285.0030.00NWTW2V00, V04000000055469
1848-04-01T13:00-7.10104.683621.01014.630.0PV81186.0029.96OMLOPEND1000000055470
1848-04-02T13:00-6.68104.532041.01014.030.0PV81186.0029.94RONDLOPEND-ZZW1V00000000055471
1848-04-03T13:00-6.10106.86916.7P. BABIEONOBRABANDSHOEDJEZWTZDWARS IN DE WEGZWTW 1/2 W1PV814O4000000055472