Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: -10.462151 * Median Longitude: 13.896237 * South-bound Latitude: -40.600000 * West-bound Longitude: -29.920000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.030000 * East-bound Longitude: 106.860000

Date/Time Start: 1834-11-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1835-02-22T05:00:00

Event(s):

Diana_18341110_T_REIS_15A_P128-131 * Latitude Start: 53.000000 * Longitude Start: 4.490000 * Latitude End: -6.100000 * Longitude End: 106.860000 * Date/Time Start: 1834-11-10T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1835-02-22T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Diana (Fregat), Voyage: Nederland - Batavia, 1st Observer: Koopman (Luitenant Ter Zee), Company: MAR

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Pressure, atmospheric	PPPP	hPa	No temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
7	Temperature, air	TTT	°C
8	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
9	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
10	Landmark	Landmark		Name of second landmark
11	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the second landmark
12	Landmark	Landmark		Name of third landmark
13	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the third landmark
14	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
15	Comment	Comment		Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
16	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
17	Wind scale reference	Wind scale ref	#	Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
18	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the (outside) air thermometer
19	Sensor reading	Reading	arbitrary units	Reading of the air pressure
20	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
21	Current direction description	Cur dir descr		Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
22	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
23	Present weather	ww		Weather description
24	Precipitation description	Precip descr
25	State of the sea description	State sea descr
26	Cloud type	Cloud type
27	Clearness	Clearness
28	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
29	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
30	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
31	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
32	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
33	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
34	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
35	Comment	Comment
36	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

1903 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 PPPP [hPa] (No temperature correction was...)	7 TTT [°C]	8 Landmark (Name of first landmark)	9 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark)	10 Landmark (Name of second landmark)	11 Bearing (Bearing of the second landmark)	12 Landmark (Name of third landmark)	13 Bearing (Bearing of the third landmark)	14 - (1 If position is considered t...)	15 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...)	16 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...)	17 Wind scale ref [#] (Name of, or reference to the ...)	18 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the (outside) air ...)	19 Reading [arbitrary units] (Reading of the air pressure)	20 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	21 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...)	22 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	23 ww (Weather description)	24 Precip descr	25 State sea descr	26 Cloud type	27 Clearness	28 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported)	29 Rain (1 If rain was reported)	35 Comment	36 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1834-11-10T00:00													1	ANKER OP EN ONDER ZEIL.													0	0		52253
1834-11-11T12:00	51.03	1.87	56	19.0	1023.1	11.7							1		-23	8	53.00	290400.00	OTN		7-8				V05		0	0		52254
1834-11-12T12:00	50.02	-3.95	9	12.3	1026.0	11.7							1		-25	6	53.00	290500.00	NOTN		6				V05		0	0		52255
1834-11-13T13:00	47.92	-9.18	29	6.7	1023.1	15.0									-27	4	59.00	290400.00	NOTO		4			Z01	V01		0	0		52256
1834-11-14T13:00	44.38	-11.37	65	9.3	1017.3	16.7									-25	5	62.00	290200.00	O		6-5			Z01	V00		0	0		52257
1834-11-15T13:00	40.23	-12.83	360	9.3											-23	5			NNO		5				V01	H00	0	0		52258
1834-11-16T13:00	36.95	-13.90	271	9.3	1011.5	20.6									-22	5	69.00	290000.00	WNW		6-5				V01		0	0		52259
1834-11-17T13:00	34.02	-14.77													-22												0	0		52260
1834-11-18T13:00	31.10	-15.65	70	1.0	1011.5	21.1									-20	1	70.00	290000.00	WNW, O		1				V00, V05		0	0		52261
1834-11-19T13:00	28.78	-15.75	295	2.6	1011.5	21.7									-20	2	71.00	290000.00	ZO, NW		1-2				V01		0	0		52262
1834-11-20T00:00	28.65		225	6.7	1014.4	25.0	ZUIDWESTPUNT TENERIFE	ZW 1/4 Z	NOORDELIJKE KLIP		NO-PUNT TENERIFE	W 1/2 Z	1			4	77.00	290100.00	VAR, ZW		4				V00		0	0		52263
1834-11-21T13:00	28.45	-16.25	295	4.6			GRAN CANARIA W-HOEK	Z 3/4 O	DE ZO-HOEK VAN TENERIFE	WZW	DE NOORDHOEK VANTENERIFE	NW 1/2 N	1		-20	3			ZW, NW		3				V04	H00	0	0		52264
1834-11-25T00:00			135	9.3	1017.3	23.3							1			5	74.00	290200.00	ZO		5				V01		0	0		52265
1834-11-26T00:00	28.28		23	12.3			WESTHOEK VAN TENERIFE	NW	OOSTHOEK VAN GRAN CANARIA	OZO 1/2 O			1			6			NNO		6		W20		V05		0	1		52266
1834-11-27T13:00	27.70	-16.47	3	9.3	1017.3	23.9									-20	5	75.00	290200.00	NNO		5		W20		V04		0	1		52267
1834-11-28T13:00	26.08	-17.88	15	4.6	1017.3	22.2									-19	3	72.00	290200.00	NOTN		3				V01		0	0		52268
1834-11-29T13:00	24.60	-19.53	172	9.3	1017.3	23.1									-19	5	73.50	290200.00	ZTW		6-5						0	0		52269
1834-11-30T13:00	24.55	-21.30	184	6.7	1020.2	25.0									-19	4	77.00	290300.00	WTZ, ZZW		4				V04		0	0		52270
1834-12-01T13:00	23.80	-21.58	362	1.0	1020.2	26.1									-19	1	79.00	290300.00	VARIABEL		1				V00		0	0		52271
1834-12-02T13:00	22.53	-21.40	161	4.6	1019.3	25.6									-19	3	78.00	290208.00	Z		3				V04		0	0		52272
1834-12-03T13:00	22.42	-21.47	275	9.3	1018.5	24.4									-18	5	76.00	290205.00	WNW		5				V03		0	0		52273
1834-12-04T13:00	21.17	-20.87	275	6.7	1020.2	24.4									-18	4	76.00	290300.00	WNW		4				V00		0	0		52274
1834-12-05T13:00	19.15	-22.33	5	4.6	1017.3	25.0									-18	3	77.00	290200.00	NNO		3				V00		0	0		52275
1834-12-06T13:00	18.00	-22.47	27	9.3	1011.5										-18	5		290000.00	NO		5				V00	H00	0	0		52276
1834-12-07T14:00	15.95	-22.58	7	9.3	1020.2	26.7									-16	5	80.00	290300.00	NNO		5				V01, V00		0	0		52277
1834-12-08T14:00	13.33	-22.67	63	4.6	1019.3	27.8									-16	3	82.00	290208.00	OTN		3				V00	H00	0	0		52278
1834-12-09T14:00	11.43	-22.68	64	6.7	1018.8	28.3									-15	4	83.00	290206.00	OTN		4				V01		0	0		52279
1834-12-10T14:00	10.07	-22.63	53	6.7	1019.5	28.3									-15	4	83.00	290209.00	ONO		4				V04		0	0		52280
1834-12-11T13:00	8.22	-22.38	28	4.6	1018.0	31.1									-17	3	88.00	290203.00	NO		3				V04		0	0		52281
1834-12-12T14:00	6.60	-22.65	362	1.0	1018.0	26.7									-14	1	80.00	290203.00	VARIABEL		1		W20		V05		0	1		52282
1834-12-13T14:00	5.85	-22.70	132	4.6	1017.3	27.8									-14	3	82.00	290200.00	ZOTZ		3				V01		0	0		52283
1834-12-14T14:00	4.62	-22.87	362	1.0	1018.5	27.8									-14	1	82.00	290205.00	VARIABEL		1				V01		0	0		52284
1834-12-15T14:00	4.13	-22.67	76	9.3	1017.8	25.6									-14	5	78.00	290202.00	ZZO, O		4-5				V10		0	0		52285
1834-12-16T14:00	3.48	-23.43	335	9.3	1017.3	26.7									-14	5	80.00	290200.00	ONO, NTW		5		W20		V05		0	1		52286
1834-12-17T14:00	2.57	-23.25	99	9.3	1016.3	27.8									-14	5	82.00	290108.00	OZO		4-5				V00		0	0		52287
1834-12-18T14:00	0.52	-23.78	111	12.3	1014.9	28.3									-13	6	83.00	290102.00	ZOTO		6				V04	H00	0	0		52288
1834-12-19T14:00	-1.52	-24.60	122	9.3											-13	5			ZO		5					H00	0	0		52289
1834-12-20T14:00	-3.43	-25.63	100	12.3	1016.6	27.8									-13	6	82.00	290109.00	OZO		6				V01		0	0		52290
1834-12-21T14:00	-6.33	-27.40	133	9.3	1017.3	28.3									-13	5	83.00	290200.00	ZOTZ		5				V00	H00	0	0		52291
1834-12-22T14:00	-8.92	-28.68	126	9.3	1018.5	28.3									-9	5	83.00	290205.00	ZO		5				V00		0	0		52292
1834-12-24T14:00	-13.63	-29.73	307	1.0	1038.9	27.5									-8	1	81.50	290905.00	O-NW		1				V04	H00	0	0		52293
1834-12-25T14:00	-15.42	-29.92	352	4.6											-8	3			N		3				V00		0	0		52294
1834-12-26T14:00	-16.22	-29.70	285	4.6	1018.0	27.2									-8	3	81.00	290203.00	WNW		3				V04		0	0		52295
1834-12-27T14:00	-17.52	-29.22	16	4.6	1014.4	27.2									-7	3	81.00	290100.00	NNO		1-3				V04		0	0		52296
1834-12-28T14:00	-18.22	-29.18	331	12.3	1011.5	26.1									-7	6	79.00	290000.00	NNW		6		W20		V05		0	1		52297
1834-12-29T14:00	-21.45	-28.75	207	4.6	1014.4	25.6									-7	3	78.00	290100.00	ZWTZ		3		W20		V05		0	1	a trivial correction was made in this observation	52298
1834-12-30T14:00	-23.32	-27.97	118	1.0	1026.0	26.4									-6	1	79.50	290500.00	ZOTO		1				V04	H00	0	0		52299
1834-12-31T14:00	-23.83	-26.15	306	4.6	1019.5	26.7									-9	3	80.00	290209.00	NW		3	W00			V00		1	0		52300
1835-01-01T14:00	-25.03	-26.03	329	12.3	1020.2	25.0									-9	6	77.00	290300.00	NNW		6				V01		0	0		52301
1835-01-02T14:00	-28.03	-25.50	150	4.6	1022.2	22.8									-8	3	73.00	290308.00	ZZO		3				V00		0	0		52302
1835-01-03T14:00	-29.60	-24.43	82	4.6	1023.1	26.1									-8	3	79.00	290400.00	N-O	ZW	3			Z04	V01		0	0		52303
1835-01-04T14:00	-30.47	-24.22	285	9.3	1018.5	23.9									-8	5	75.00	290205.00	WNW		5				V01		0	0		52304
1835-01-05T14:00	-32.73	-23.83	16	12.3											-7	6			NNO		6				V04	H00	0	0		52305
1835-01-06T13:00	-34.47	-19.75	350	12.3											-10	6			N		6				V05		0	0		52306
1835-01-07T13:00	-35.97	-15.22	122	9.3	1026.0	18.3									-13	5	65.00	290500.00	ZO		6-5			Z01	V01		0	0		52307
1835-01-08T13:00	-35.87	-10.88	52	12.3	1023.1	18.9									-16	6	66.00	290400.00	ONO		6				V05		0	0		52308
1835-01-09T13:00	-36.45	-9.77	277	15.4	1005.7	18.9									-16	7	66.00	281000.00	WNW		7				V10		0	0		52309
1835-01-10T12:00	-38.18	-6.07	275	12.3	1015.6	18.9									-18	6	66.00	290105.00	WNW		6				V01		0	0		52310
1835-01-11T12:00	-38.23	-2.12	283	12.3											-21	6			NWTW		6		W20		V10		0	1		52311
1835-01-12T12:00	-38.33	3.38	247	9.3	1011.5	17.2									-23	5	63.00	281200.00	W	ZW	5			Z04	V00		0	0		52312
1835-01-13T12:00	-38.00	6.58	191	12.3	1018.5	15.6									-23	6	60.00	290205.00	ZWTZ	ZW	6			Z04	V01		0	0		52313
1835-01-14T11:00	-38.07	11.38	278	9.3	1023.1	18.9									-26	5	66.00	290400.00	NWTW		5			Z04	V01		0	0		52314
1835-01-15T11:00	-38.52	15.12	266	9.3	1020.2	21.1									-27	5	70.00	290300.00	WNW		5			Z04	V01		0	0		52315
1835-01-16T11:00	-38.93	18.92	219	9.3	1023.1	21.3									-29	5	70.30	290400.00	WZW		5			Z04			0	0		52316
1835-01-17T10:00	-38.82	23.30	229	6.7	1017.3	22.2									-30	4	72.00	290200.00	WTZ		4				V04	H00	0	0		52317
1835-01-18T10:00	-38.97	25.87	150	9.3											-30	5			Z		5				V00		0	0		52318
1835-01-19T10:00	-38.98	29.08	38	12.3	1023.1	17.8									-30	6	64.00	290400.00	ONO		6				V01		0	0		52319
1835-01-20T10:00	-39.75	31.48	330	12.3	1017.3	20.6									-30	6	69.00	290200.00	N		6				V00		0	0		52320
1835-01-21T10:00	-40.42	35.95	128	12.3	1017.3	16.7									-31	6	62.00	290200.00	NNO, ZZO		4-6				V05		0	0		52321
1835-01-22T09:00	-40.42	40.07	128	12.3	1017.3	14.4									-30	6	58.00	290200.00	ZZO		6				V01		0	0		52322
1835-01-23T09:00	-40.23	43.63	150	9.3	1023.1	14.4									-30	5	58.00	290400.00	Z		5				V04		0	0		52323
1835-01-24T09:00	-40.28	47.83	39	4.6	1016.3	16.7									-29	3	62.00	290108.00	ONO		3				V01		0	0		52324
1835-01-25T09:00	-39.87	50.13	309	19.0	999.9	16.9									-29	8	62.50	280800.00	NNW		8		W21		V10		0	1		52325
1835-01-26T08:00	-40.60	54.13	209	12.3	1014.4	17.2									-27	6	63.00	290100.00	ZWTW		6			Z01	V05		0	0		52326
1835-01-27T08:00	-39.92	58.37	244	12.3	999.9	17.2									-26	6	63.00	280800.00	W		6		W20	Z01	V01		0	1		52327
1835-01-28T08:00	-40.12	62.20	210	19.0	976.6	15.6									-26	8	60.00	280000.00	ZWTW		9-8	W00	W20	Z01			1	1		52328
1835-01-29T08:00	-39.03	66.83	223	12.3											-25	6			WZW		6		W20		V05		0	1		52329
1835-01-30T07:00	-37.77	71.58	235	6.7	1011.5	18.9									-24	4	66.00	290000.00	WTZ		4				V01		0	0		52330
1835-01-31T07:00	-36.35	73.90	196	9.3	1021.4	18.3									-18	5	65.00	290305.00	ZWTZ		5					H00	0	0		52331
1835-02-01T07:00	-35.22	77.45	207	1.0	1026.0	21.1									-18	1	70.00	290500.00	ZW		1				V05		0	0		52332
1835-02-02T07:00	-34.58	78.93	164	4.6	1024.3	22.2									-16	3	72.00	290405.00	Z		3				V04	H00	0	0		52333
1835-02-03T07:00	-34.10	80.02	74	9.3	1028.9	23.3									-16	5	74.00	290600.00	O		5				V01		0	0		52334
1835-02-04T07:00	-32.20	81.42	112	9.3	1034.8	27.2									-12	5	81.00	290800.00	ZOTO		5				V00		0	0		52335
1835-02-05T06:00	-30.30	83.27	102	12.3	1028.9	24.4									-11	6	76.00	290600.00	OZO		6				V04		0	0		52336
1835-02-06T06:00	-28.03	85.75	113	9.3	1026.0	24.4									-11	5	76.00	290500.00	ZOTO		5				V00	H00	0	0		52337
1835-02-07T06:00	-25.93	87.92	94	9.3	1020.2	25.6									-7	5	78.00	290300.00	OTZ		5				V00		0	0		52338
1835-02-08T06:00	-23.17	89.65	72	9.3	1017.3	26.1									-7	5	79.00	290200.00	OTN		5		W20		V04		0	1		52339
1835-02-09T06:00	-20.57	90.67	109	12.3	1017.3	25.6									-4	6	78.00	290200.00	OZO		5-6		W20		V10		0	1		52340
1835-02-10T06:00	-18.27	92.52	120	9.3	1016.3	27.2									-4	5	81.00	290108.00	ZOTO		5				V01		0	0		52341
1835-02-11T06:00	-16.28	94.52	99	6.7	1014.4	27.2									-2	4	81.00	290100.00	OTZ		4				V00	H00	0	0		52342
1835-02-12T06:00	-14.43	95.68	111	6.7	1014.4	29.4									-2	4	85.00	290100.00	OZO		4				V01		0	0		52343
1835-02-13T06:00	-12.58	97.18	111	9.3	1014.4	29.4									-2	5	85.00	290100.00	OZO		5				V04		0	0		52344
1835-02-14T05:00	-9.90	98.52	45	4.6	1014.9	29.4									0	3	85.00	290102.00	NO		3		W20		V04		0	1		52345
1835-02-15T05:00	-8.22	98.58	360	1.0	1014.4	28.9									0	1	84.00	290100.00	N		1				V00	H00	0	0		52346
1835-02-16T05:00	-7.50	98.78	338	4.6	1014.4	28.3									0	3	83.00	290100.00	NNW		1-3				V01	H00	0	0		52347
1835-02-17T05:00	-7.03	101.02	1	9.3	1014.4	27.8									1	5	82.00	290100.00	N		5	W00	W20		V01		1	1		52348
1835-02-18T00:00			23	1.0	1011.5	28.9	KLEINFORTUIN	NNO	DE VLAKKE HOEK VAN SIERHATRA	ONO			1			1	84.00	290000.00	NNO		1				V04	H00	0	0		52349
1835-02-19T00:00			326	4.6	1015.6	29.4	PIEK VAN KRAKATAU	NTW					1			3	85.00	290105.00	NWTN		3				V01	H00	0	0		52350
1835-02-20T00:00			248	9.3			HOEK VAN JAVA	ZZW 3/4 W	PIEK VAN KRAKATAU	NW			1			5			WZW	WZW	5				V01		0	0		52351
1835-02-22T05:00	-6.10	106.86											1		1												0	0		52352