García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during DESCONOCIDO-23 cruise from Desconocido to El Callao started at 1776-05-02 [dataset]. Archivo Museo Naval Madrid, Spain, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.748499, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088
Always quote citation above when using data! You can download the citation in several formats below.
Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Project(s):
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -21.135000 * Median Longitude: -74.272000 * South-bound Latitude: -25.820000 * West-bound Longitude: -76.350000 * North-bound Latitude: -14.430000 * East-bound Longitude: -73.700000
Date/Time Start: 1776-05-02T17:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1776-05-14T00:00:00
Event(s):
Desconocido-23_17760502_MS_922 * Latitude Start: -25.820000 * Longitude Start: -73.700000 * Latitude End: -12.370000 * Longitude End: -78.670000 * Date/Time Start: 1776-05-02T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1776-05-14T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Voyage: Desconocido - El Callao, 1st Observer: Desconocido (Capitan)
Parameter(s):
| # | Name | Short Name | Unit | Principal Investigator | Method/Device | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DATE/TIME | Date/Time | Geocode | |||
| 2 | LATITUDE | Latitude | Geocode | |||
| 3 | LONGITUDE | Longitude | Geocode | |||
| 4 | Wind direction | dd | deg | Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected. | ||
| 5 | Wind speed | ff | m/s | calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations | ||
| 6 | Landmark | Landmark | Name of first landmark | |||
| 7 | Bearing | Bearing | Bearing of the first landmark | |||
| 8 | Distance to landmark | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance to the first landmark | ||
| 9 | - | - | 1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances) | |||
| 10 | Course | Course | Course of the ship during the past 24 hours | |||
| 11 | Distance | Distance | arbitrary units | Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours | ||
| 12 | Comment | Comment | Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields | |||
| 13 | Comment 2 (continued) | Comm 2 | Other remarks | |||
| 14 | Declination | Decl | deg | It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction. | ||
| 15 | Wind direction description | Wind dir descr | All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from. | |||
| 16 | Wind force description | Wind force descr | All reported wind forces on this day | |||
| 17 | Present weather | ww | Weather description | |||
| 18 | State of the sea description | State sea descr | ||||
| 19 | Gusts | Gusts | 1 If wind gusts are reported | |||
| 20 | Precipitation/Rain | Rain | 1 If rain was reported | |||
| 21 | Fog | Fog | 1 If fog was reported | |||
| 22 | Snow type | Snow | 1 If snow was reported | |||
| 23 | Thunder | Thunder | 1 If thunder and or lightning was reported | |||
| 24 | Hail | Hail | 1 If hail was reported | |||
| 25 | Sea ice | Sea ice | 1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported | |||
| 26 | Identification | ID | CLIWOC 2.1 line number |
License:
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)
Size:
198 data points
Data
| 1 Date/Time | 2 Latitude | 3 Longitude | 4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...) | 5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...) | 6 Landmark (Name of first landmark) | 7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark) | 8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark) | 9 - (1 If position is considered t...) | 10 Course (Course of the ship during the...) | 11 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...) | 12 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...) | 13 Comm 2 (Other remarks) | 14 Decl [deg] (It is generally accepted by t...) | 15 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...) | 16 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...) | 17 ww (Weather description) | 18 State sea descr | 19 Gusts (1 If wind gusts are reported) | 20 Rain (1 If rain was reported) | 21 Fog (1 If fog was reported) | 22 Snow (1 If snow was reported) | 23 Thunder (1 If thunder and or lightning...) | 24 Hail (1 If hail was reported) | 25 Sea ice (1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...) | 26 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1776-05-02T17:00 | -25.82 | -73.70 | 169 | NNO 1/4 N | 32.00 | (NOTA: NO PONE SI ES LATITUD SUR O NORTE. NOSOTROS SUPONEMOS QUE ES SUR, PORQUE EL RUMBO MÁS FRECUENTE ES NORTE Y LA LATITUD LLEVA TENDENCIA CLARAMENTE DESCENDENTE). DIARIO DEL ALFEREZ DE NAVIO | D. ANTONIO RAQUEJO (NOTA: NO DICE NOMBRE DEL NAVÍO, NI DEL CAPITÁN, NI DEL ORIGEN NI DESTINO) | 11 | SSE | ANOCHEC. OFUSCO Y NUBLADO, MAR GRUESA DEL S Y VTO FLOJO (...) AMANEC. CIELO ACELAJADO, HORIZ. ACHUBASCADO Y VENTOL. VARIA DEL N AL NO. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51609 | |||||||
| 1776-05-03T17:00 | -25.65 | -73.80 | 361 | SIN GOBIERNO | 11 | CALMA | EN CALMA Y HORIZ. CLAROS.(...) ANOCHEC. EN CALMA, CIELO CLARO Y HORIZ. CON ALGUNA CELAJERÍA Y MAREJADA DEL SO. A LAS 7 UNA VENTOL. DEL O | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51610 | ||||||||||
| 1776-05-04T17:00 | -24.75 | -73.82 | 191 | 1.0 | NNO 5º N | 49.00 | 11 | S | VENTOLINA | ANOCHEC. HORIZ. CON CELAJ., CIELO CLARO, MARETA DEL VTO Y ESTE BONANCIBLE. A LAS 10 1/2 POR CALMAR EL VTO (...) AMANEC. LO MISMO QUE ANOCHEC. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51611 | |||||||
| 1776-05-05T17:00 | -23.17 | -74.00 | 191 | NNO 5º N | 92.00 | 11 | S | CIELO Y HORIZ. CLARO, MAR BELLA, VTO BONANCIBLE (...) ANOCHEC. CIELO Y HORIZ. CON CELAJ. SUELTA, MAR LLANA, VTO GALENO. A LAS 5 1/2 DE LA MAÑANA SE A | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51612 | |||||||||
| 1776-05-06T17:00 | -21.68 | -74.10 | 187 | 6.7 | NNO 5º N | 87.50 | 10 | S 1/4 SE | BONANCIBLE | HORIZ. CLAROS (...) ANOCHEC. OFUSCO, MAR BELLA, VTO GALENO Y ASÍ AMANEC. | BELLA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51613 | ||||||
| 1776-05-07T17:00 | -20.92 | -74.12 | 168 | 6.7 | NNO 5º N | 45.00 | 10 | SSE | BONANCIBLE | CIELOS Y HORIZ. ACELAJADOS (...)ANOCHEC. LO MISMO, QUEDÁNDOSE CALMA A LA 1. A LAS 4 (MADRUGADA) ENTRÓ UNA VENTOL. POR EL SE (...) AMANEC. HORIZ. Y C | BELLA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51614 | ||||||
| 1776-05-08T17:00 | -19.93 | -74.25 | 213 | 1.0 | NNO 5º N | 58.50 | 10 | SSO | CUASI CALMA | HORIZ. TOLDADO, VTO CUASI CALMA, MAR LLANA (...) ANOCHEC. HORIZ. Y CIELOS ACELAJADOS, MAR LLANA Y VTO BONANCIBLE (...) AMANEC. HORIZ. CLAROS Y CIELOS | LLANA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51615 | ||||||
| 1776-05-09T17:00 | -18.35 | -74.25 | 168 | 6.7 | NNO 5º N | 105.00 | 10 | SSE | BONANCIBLE | CIELOS Y HORIZ. TOLDADOS(...) ANOCHEC. CIELO Y HORIZ. CLAROS (1º Y 2º QTE, LOS OTROS OFUSCOS), MAR LLANA, VTO BONANZA. AMANEC. OFUSCO Y MAR DEL VTO. | BELLA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51616 | ||||||
| 1776-05-10T17:00 | -16.65 | -74.33 | 144 | N 1/4 NO | 103.00 | 9 | SE | ANOCHEC. OFUSCO, MAR BELLA Y VTO PRÓSPERO (...) AMANEC. CIELO Y HORIZ. CON CELAJ. PARDA, MAREJADA DEL VTO Y ESTE ESE FRESCO. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51617 | |||||||||
| 1776-05-11T17:00 | -14.43 | -76.35 | 144 | MORRO QUEMADO | ENE | N | AL PONERSE EL SOL SE MARCÓ LA PUNTA QUE PARECE SE EL EXTREMO DEL CABO DE SAN NICOLÁS AL N 7º O | 9 | SE | ANOCHEC. CIELO CLARO, HORIZ. DEL 2º Y 3º QTE ACELAJADO, VTO FRESQUITO, Y MAR LLANA (...) AMANEC. CIELO Y HORIZ. CLAROS, MAR Y VTO PRÓSPERO. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51618 | |||||||
| 1776-05-12T00:00 | 180 | NNO | S | HORIZ. CLAROS, MAR LLANA Y (...) ANOCHEC. HORIZ. OFUSCOS, CIELO CLARO, VTO Y MAR PRÓSPEROS (...) AMANEC. CIELO TOLDADO, HORIZ. OFUSCOS, MAR BELLA Y VT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51619 | |||||||||||||
| 1776-05-13T00:00 | ISLA DE SAN LORENZO | NO 1/2 1/4 N | 5 | ANOCHEC. CIELO TOLDADO, HORIZ. OFUSCOS, MAR BELLA Y VTO BONANCIBLE. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51620 | |||||||||||||
| 1776-05-14T00:00 | 158 | 6.7 | 1 | NO | DIMOS FONDO AL ANCLA DE ESTRIBOR (LLEGADA AL PUERTO DEL EL CALLAO) | SSE | BONANZA | CIELOS CLAROS Y HORIZ. CALIMOSOS (...) ANOCHEC. CIELOS CLAROS, HORIZ. CALIMOSOS, MAR BELLA Y VTO BONANCIBLE (...) AMANEC. CIELO Y HORIZ. CERRADOS, MA | BELLA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51621 |