Citation:

PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:

García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6

Project(s):

Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854 (CLIWOC)

Funding:

Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090 : Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 11.028824 * Median Longitude: 82.674706 * South-bound Latitude: 8.470000 * West-bound Longitude: 80.500000 * North-bound Latitude: 13.350000 * East-bound Longitude: 84.280000

Date/Time Start: 1755-04-06T07:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1755-04-22T07:00:00

Event(s):

Cumberland_17550406_NMM_ADM/L/C257 * Latitude Start: 13.170000 * Longitude Start: 80.500000 * Latitude End: 8.620000 * Longitude End: 81.600000 * Date/Time Start: 1755-04-06T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1755-04-22T00:00:00 * Campaign: * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Cumberland (3rd Rate Frigate), Voyage: Fort St Georges - Trinconomalle, 1st Observer: George Pocock (Captain), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 66G 1400BM

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Geocode
2	LATITUDE	Latitude		Geocode
3	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Geocode
4	Wind direction	dd	deg	Wind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
5	Wind speed	ff	m/s	calculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
6	Landmark	Landmark		Name of first landmark
7	Bearing	Bearing		Bearing of the first landmark
8	Distance to landmark	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance to the first landmark
9	-	-		1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10	Course	Course		Course of the ship during the past 24 hours
11	Distance	Distance	arbitrary units	Distance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12	Comment	Comment		Other remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
13	Declination	Decl	deg	It is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
14	Wind direction description	Wind dir descr		All reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
15	Current direction description	Cur dir descr		Direction of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
16	Current speed description	V descr
17	Wind force description	Wind force descr		All reported wind forces on this day
18	Present weather	ww		Weather description
19	Clearness	Clearness
20	Gusts	Gusts		1 If wind gusts are reported
21	Precipitation/Rain	Rain		1 If rain was reported
22	Fog	Fog		1 If fog was reported
23	Snow type	Snow		1 If snow was reported
24	Thunder	Thunder		1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25	Hail	Hail		1 If hail was reported
26	Sea ice	Sea ice		1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27	Identification	ID		CLIWOC 2.1 line number

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-3.0)

Size:

316 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:

1 Date/Time	2 Latitude	3 Longitude	4 dd [deg] (Wind direction (from which th...)	5 ff [m/s] (calculated from the descripti...)	6 Landmark (Name of first landmark)	7 Bearing (Bearing of the first landmark)	8 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance to the first landmark)	9 - (1 If position is considered t...)	10 Course (Course of the ship during the...)	11 Distance [arbitrary units] (Distance travelled during the...)	12 Comment (Other remarks, that were not ...)	14 Wind dir descr (All reported wind directions ...)	15 Cur dir descr (Direction of the current. Thi...)	16 V descr	17 Wind force descr (All reported wind forces on t...)	18 ww (Weather description)	19 Clearness	27 ID (CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1755-04-06T07:00	13.17	80.50	169	6.7	FORT ST GEORGE	W1/2N	5					SBW-SBE			MODERATE	FAIR		47203
1755-04-07T07:00	13.05	80.60	191	6.7	FORT ST GEORGE	WNW	7					SBE-SBW			MODERATE	FAIR		47204
1755-04-08T07:00	13.35	81.91	124	6.7	FORT ST GEORGE	S83:00W	32		N78:00E	82.00		E-SEBE			MODERATE	FAIR		47205
1755-04-09T06:00	13.12	83.01	158	6.7	FORT ST GEORGE	S87:00W	54		S87:00E	80.00		SSW-SSE			MODERATE	FAIR		47206
1755-04-10T06:00	13.20	84.28	90	6.7	FORT ST GEORGE	W	78		S86:00E	74.00		SBE-E			MODERATE	FAIR		47207
1755-04-11T06:00	12.72	84.11	158	2.6	FORT ST GEORGE	N83:00W	76		SBW1/2W	34.00		SSE			LITTLE WIND		CLOUDY	47208
1755-04-12T06:00	11.53	83.86	113	6.7	FORT ST GEORGE	NWBW3/4W	75		SBW	73.00		ESE			MODERATE	FAIR		47209
1755-04-13T06:00	11.17	83.46	146	6.7	FORT ST GEORGE	N58:00W	75		SBW	33.00		SSE-SEBS			MODERATE	FAIR		47210
1755-04-14T06:00	10.83	82.96	191	6.7	FORT ST GEORGE	NW1/4W	71		SWBW	36.00		ESE-SBW			MODERATE	FAIR		47211
1755-04-15T06:00	10.75	83.08	135	6.7	FORT ST GEORGE	N49:00W	73		SEBE	9.00		SW-SE			MODERATE	FAIR		47212
1755-04-16T06:00	10.55	82.91	203	6.7	FORT ST GEORGE	NW	85		SW1/2S	16.00		SW, SSE, SSW	NWBN	5	MODERATE	FAIR		47213
1755-04-17T06:00	10.08	83.38	158	6.7	FORT ST GEORGE	NW	85		SE	40.00		SSW, S, SSE			MODERATE	FAIR		47214
1755-04-18T06:00	9.33	83.01	146	6.7	FORT ST GEORGE	N35:00W	93		SSW1/2W	50.00		SWBW, SEBS			MODERATE	FAIR		47215
1755-04-19T06:00	8.75	82.88	158	6.7	FORT ST GEORGE	N30:00W	101		SBW	36.00	BURNT 12 FALSE FIRES	SW, SSE			MODERATE	FAIR		47216
1755-04-20T07:00	8.47	82.46	259	6.7	FORT ST GEORGE	N25:00W	103		SWBW	30.00		ESE, W, WBS			MODERATE	FAIR		47217
1755-04-21T07:00	8.92	81.84	135	6.7	FLAGSTAFF OF TRINCONOMALLE	WSW	5					NE-SE			MODERATE	FAIR		47218
1755-04-22T07:00	8.50	81.22	225	6.7				1				SE-SW			MODERATE	FAIR		47219