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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during CUFFNELLS cruise from Downs to Calcutta started at 1814-08-31 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747990, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -9.212821 * Median Longitude: 11.356239 * South-bound Latitude: -41.850000 * West-bound Longitude: -29.020000 * North-bound Latitude: 50.130000 * East-bound Longitude: 83.370000
Date/Time Start: 1814-08-31T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1814-12-25T06:00:00
Event(s):
Cuffnells_18140831_NMM_LOG/C/12 * Latitude Start: 47.720000 * Longitude Start: -5.280000 * Latitude End: 19.150000 * Longitude End: 88.300000 * Date/Time Start: 1814-08-31T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1814-12-25T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Cuffnells, Voyage: Downs - Calcutta, Company: EIC, Other ship information: 1429BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
14 Present weatherwwWeather description
15 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
16 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
17 ClearnessClearness
18 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
19 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
20 FogFog1 If fog was reported
21 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
22 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
23 HailHail1 If hail was reported
24 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
25 CommentComment
26 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1799 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]

ff [m/s]

Landmark

Bearing

-

Course
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
11 
Decl [deg]
12 
Wind dir descr
13 
Wind force descr
14 
ww
15 
Precip descr
16 
State sea descr
17 
Clearness
18 
Gusts
19 
Rain
20 
Fog
21 
Snow
22 
Thunder
23 
Hail
24 
Sea ice
25 
Comment
26 
ID
1814-08-31T12:0050.13-2.082462.61NNW - WBS55.00-24WLIGHT BREEZESTHICK FOGFAIR001000046773
1814-09-01T12:0048.88-4.573349.3WBS - WSW110.00-26NFIRST AND MID LIGHT BREEZES, LATTER FINE BREEZESHAZY000000046774
1814-09-02T12:0046.83-6.6877WSW158.00-24EBSFRESH BREEZES, LATTER DECREASINGHAZY000000046775
1814-09-03T13:0044.62-8.48889.3WSW141.00-25ESESTEADY BREEZEFINE000000046776
1814-09-04T13:0043.87-10.15436.7SWBW131.00-25ENEPLEASANT BREEZECLOUDY000000046777
1814-09-05T13:0041.37-11.253622.6SWBW90.00-23VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESFAIR000000046778
1814-09-06T13:0040.25-12.172702.6SWBW68.00-23WNWLIGHT WINDSHEAVY SWELL FROM E000000046779
1814-09-07T13:0040.08-12.62221.0SWBW28.00-23NELIGHT AIRS000000046780
1814-09-08T13:0039.23-13.273622.6SW60.00-23VARIABLELIGHT BREEZES000000046781
1814-09-09T13:0038.92-13.923622.6SBW78.00-23VARIABLELIGHT WINDS000000046782
1814-09-10T13:0038.25-13.25362SBW56.00-23VARIABLESQUALLY000000046783
1814-09-11T13:0036.98-13.00362SBW74.00-22VARIABLESQUALLY000000046784
1814-09-12T13:0036.28-12.63248VARIABLE87.00-22WSQUALLSRAIN010010046785
1814-09-13T13:0034.75-12.85248SBW96.00-22WSQUALLSCLOUDY000000046786
1814-09-14T13:0033.23-14.182936.7SWBW113.00-22NWMODERATE000000046787
1814-09-15T13:0031.67-15.523626.7SWBW111.00-20VARIABLEMODERATE BREEZESFINE000000046788
1814-09-16T13:0031.13-16.683626.7WBS70.00-20VARIABLEMODERATEFAIR000000046789
1814-09-17T13:0030.45-17.273621.0VARIABLE45.00-20VARIABLELIGHT AIRS000000046790
1814-09-18T13:0029.37-18.332959.3PEAK OF TENERIFFES1/2ESSW - WBN89.00-20NWLIGHT WINDS, LATERLY A STEADY BREEZE000000046791
1814-09-19T13:0028.20-19.5732.9FERROSBE1/2EW1/2N - SW162.00-20NNELIGHT BREEZES INCREASINGSWELL FROM THE N000000046792
1814-09-20T13:0026.52-20.60262.6SWBW110.00-19NELIGHT BREEZES000000046793
1814-09-21T13:0024.80-21.67269.3SWBW110.00-19NESTEADY BREEZEFINE000000046794
1814-09-22T14:0022.75-22.872812.3SW1/2W137.00-17NESTEADY TRADEFOLLOWING SEA000000046795
1814-09-23T14:0020.50-24.952912.3SW1/2W180.00-16NEFRESH TRADECLOUDY000000046796
1814-09-24T14:0018.08-26.00299.3SW1/2W170.00-16NEPLEASANT TRADEFINE000000046797
1814-09-25T14:0015.65-27.633312.3SW176.00-12NESTEADY TRADEHAZY000000046798
1814-09-26T14:0013.38-26.02769.3S136.00-14EMODERATE TRADEFINE000000046799
1814-09-27T14:0011.70-25.60326.7S118.00-13NEMODERATE BREEZESHAZY000000046800
1814-09-28T14:009.72-25.15779.3S126.00-13EPLEASANT TRADEFAIR000000046801
1814-09-29T14:009.00-24.57362VARIABLE58.00-13E, VARIABLESQUALLYVARIABLE000000046802
1814-09-30T14:007.97-23.90212SSE82.00-13SWHARD SQUALLSRAIN010000046803
1814-10-01T14:007.69-23.60257SBE36.00-13WSQUALLYRAIN010000046804
1814-10-02T14:007.41-22.832131.0SSE38.00-12SWLIGHT AIRS000000046805
1814-10-03T13:007.13-22.073621.032.00-14VARIABLELIGHT AIRS AND CALM000000046806
1814-10-04T14:006.13-23.931232.6SSW79.00-12SELIGHT BREEZESHEAVY SWELL FROM S000000046807
1814-10-05T14:005.52-24.171232.6SSW50.00-12SELIGHT BREEZES000000046808
1814-10-06T14:005.00-22.921011.0SBW32.00-12ESELIGHT AIRSHEAVY SWELL000000046809
1814-10-07T14:004.23-23.881686.7WSW77.00-12SMODERATE BREEZESFINE000000046810
1814-10-08T14:003.72-24.781466.786.00-12SSEMODERATE BREEZES000000046811
1814-10-09T14:002.58-26.881689.3WSW103.00-12SSTEADY BREEZEFINE000000046812
1814-10-10T14:001.00-27.251479.3SW-11SSEPLEASANT TRADEFAIR000000046813
1814-10-11T14:00-0.53-27.501276.796.00-8SEMODERATE BREEZESFAIR000000046814
1814-10-12T14:00-2.42-28.0812712.3SW92.00-8SESTEADY TRADES SWELL000000046815
1814-10-13T14:00-4.17-28.681069.3S125.00-7ESEMODERATE TRADEFAIR000000046816
1814-10-14T14:00-6.43-29.021069.3S120.00-7ESEMODERATE TRADEFINE000000046817
1814-10-15T14:00-8.83-29.0112912.3SSW121.00-6SESTEADY TRADEFINE000000046818
1814-10-16T14:00-11.23-29.029512.3S143.00-6EBSSTEADY TRADEFAIR000000046819
1814-10-17T14:00-13.23-28.52859.3SSE101.00-5EMODERATE TRADEFAIR000000046820
1814-10-18T14:00-15.47-27.35829.3SSE148.00-8EFRESH BREEZE WITH SQUALLSCLOUDY000000046821
1814-10-19T14:00-17.19-26.673712.3SSE186.00-8NESTRONG BREEZESCLOUDY000000046822
1814-10-20T14:00-18.91-26.00169.3SSE156.00-7NNEFRESH BREEZESRAINCLOUDY010000046823
1814-10-21T14:00-20.63-25.323622.673.00-7VARIABLELIGHT WINDSCONSTANT RAIN010000046824
1814-10-22T14:00-22.35-24.6412886.00-7SEVARIABLE WINDSCLOUDY000000046825
1814-10-23T14:00-24.07-23.971189.3108.00-6SEBEMODERATE, LATELY FRESH BREEZES000000046826
1814-10-24T14:00-26.47-22.701076.7SBE136.00-6ESEMODERATE BREEZECLOUDY000000046827
1814-10-25T13:00-28.55-20.78606.7SEBS159.00-8ENEPLEASANT BREEZECLOUDY000000046828
1814-10-26T13:00-30.28-18.98376.7SE139.00-8NEMODERATE BREEZEFINE000000046829
1814-10-27T13:00-32.20-16.15459.3SE188.00-11NEBEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000046830
1814-10-28T13:00-33.02-12.781312.3SEBE192.00-10NNESTRONG BREEZECLOUDY000000046831
1814-10-29T13:00-33.83-9.40439.3SEBE160.00-13NEBEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000046832
1814-10-30T13:00-33.42-8.731450.0SEBE40.00-13SSECALMSVARIABLE000000046833
1814-10-31T13:00-33.28-8.072121.0SEBE29.00-13SWLIGHT AIRS AND CALM000000046834
1814-11-01T12:00-33.52-6.772772.6SE67.00-16WNWLIGHT VARIABLE WINDS000000046835
1814-11-02T12:00-34.32-5.8027752.00-16WNWVARIABLE WINDS WITH CALMSHEAVY SW SWELL000000046836
1814-11-03T12:00-35.97-2.38266.7SE186.00-19NEPLEASANT BREEZEFINE000000046837
1814-11-04T12:00-36.401.323416.7SE183.00-19NMODERATE BREEZESFINE000000046838
1814-11-05T12:00-36.942.3815SE56.00-19NEBNVARIABLEHEAVY SWELL FROM SW000000046839
1814-11-06T12:00-37.483.639.363.00-22FRESH BREEZESFAIR000000046840
1814-11-07T12:00-36.705.121586.7ESE85.00-22SMODERATE BREEZESFAIR000000046841
1814-11-08T12:00-37.005.121.044.00-22LIGHT AIRS AND CALM000000046842
1814-11-09T12:00-36.925.9731.00-22SQUALLY AND CALMRAIN010000046843
1814-11-10T11:00-36.828.321909.3SE114.00-24SWBSFRESH BREEZESFINE000000046844
1814-11-11T11:00-36.828.931569.3SE82.00-24SFRESH BREEZESHEAVY SWELL000000046845
1814-11-12T11:00-38.677.5711212.3SW91.00-23SESTRONG BREEZESCLOUDY000000046846
1814-11-13T12:00-40.376.471149.3SW84.00-21SEFRESH BREEZES000000046847
1814-11-14T12:00-40.826.921252.6SW - E49.00-21SEBSLIGHT VARIABLE WINDSHEAVY SWELL000000046848
1814-11-15T11:00-41.259.252027.3SE115.00-23SWLIGHT BREEZE INCREASING BREEZE000000046849
1814-11-16T11:00-41.2813.062789.3SEBE185.00-26NWBWFRESH BREEZES WITH SQUALLS000000046850
1814-11-17T11:00-41.3016.873626.7SEBE160.00-26VARIABLEPLEASANT BREEZE000000046851
1814-11-18T11:00-41.0720.682656.7SEBE173.00-28WNWPLEASANT BREEZEHEAVY SWELL000000046852
1814-11-19T10:00-41.8524.702649.3SEBE182.00-29WNWFRESH BREEZES000000046853
1814-11-20T10:00-40.7028.322409.3SEBE164.00-30WFRESH BREEZESHEAVY SWELL000000046854
1814-11-21T10:00-40.7330.423621.0SEBE84.00-30VARIABLELIGHT AIRS AND CALM000000046855
1814-11-22T10:00-40.7034.832849.3SEBE195.00-31NWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000046856
1814-11-23T09:00-40.6737.673629.3SEBE130.00-31VARIABLEFRESH BREEZESSMALL RAIN010000046857
1814-11-24T09:00-40.1840.9536212.3SEBE152.00-31VARIABLESTRONG BREEZESSWELL FROM SW000000046858
1814-11-25T09:00-40.1344.642189.3SEBE134.00-30WSWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000046859
1814-11-26T09:00-40.0848.332859.3SEBE203.00-30NWFRESH BREEZES WITH SQUALLSRAIN010000046860
1814-11-27T09:00-39.8950.5212812.3107.00-30SSESTRONG BREEZESFAIR000000046861
1814-11-28T08:00-39.7055.183629.3EBS215.00-29VARIABLEFRESH BREEZES001000046862
1814-11-29T08:00-38.5258.6811.6EBS169.00-27STRONG BREEZES DECLINING LATERLY000000046863
1814-11-30T08:00-37.5362.3833312.3E185.00-27NSTRONG BREEZESHAZY000000046864
1814-12-01T08:00-35.9765.7829.3EBN198.00-21NNEFRESH BREEZESHEAVY SWELL000000046865
1814-12-02T07:00-34.8067.77330EBN1/2N125.00-19NBWFRESH BREEZES, LATTER LIGHTSW SWELL000000046866
1814-12-03T07:00-34.3369.833416.7112.00-19NPLEASANT BREEZEFINE000000046867
1814-12-04T07:00-33.3071.98352EBN136.00-19NBESQUALLYRAIN010000046868
1814-12-05T07:00-32.3373.533476.7ENE104.00-13NPLEASANT BREEZEFINE000000046869
1814-12-06T07:00-31.6575.383476.7ENE113.00-13NMODERATE BREEZESFAIR000000046870
1814-12-07T07:00-31.1577.073479.3ENE104.00-13NFRESH BREEZES000000046871
1814-12-08T07:00-30.7277.383629.387.00-13VARIABLEFRESH BREEZESFINE000000046872
1814-12-09T07:00-30.0777.786.776.00-12MODERATE BREEZES WITH SQUALLS000000046873
1814-12-10T07:00-29.4278.65326ENE75.00-12NNWSQUALLYRAIN010000046874
1814-12-11T07:00-27.4779.002856.7NNE110.00-8WNWPLEASANT BREEZE000000046875
1814-12-12T07:00-26.0779.202856.7NE1/2E85.00-8WNWPLEASANT BREEZE000000046876
1814-12-13T07:00-23.9779.371616.7NBE119.00-8SBEMODERATE BREEZESRAIN010000046877
1814-12-14T07:00-21.5078.75639.3N134.00-5ENEFINE TRADE000000046878
1814-12-15T07:00-18.2278.987412.3N163.00-5EBNFRESH TRADE000000046879
1814-12-16T07:00-14.7578.988712.3NBE194.00-3EFRESH TRADECLOUDY000000046880
1814-12-17T07:00-11.2779.98899.3NBE184.00-1EPLEASANT TRADEFINE000000046881
1814-12-18T07:00-8.6079.98899.3NBE149.00-1EPLEASANT TRADEFAIR000000046882
1814-12-19T07:00-6.8379.541352.6NBW103.000SELIGHT BREEZES WITH SQUALLSRAIN010010046883
1814-12-20T07:00-5.0779.1036289.000VARIABLEVARIABLEHEAVY RAIN010000046884
1814-12-21T07:00-3.4579.9136253.000VARIABLEVARIABLE WINDS WITH SQUALLSRAIN010000046885
1814-12-22T07:00-1.8380.72260N1/2E151.001WBSSQUALLYHEAVY RAIN010000046886
1814-12-23T07:00-0.2281.532829.3NBE117.001WBNFRESH BREEZES000000046887
1814-12-24T06:000.3882.9536267.001VARIABLEFAIR0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation46888
1814-12-25T06:000.5883.37362WNW29.001VARIABLEFAIR0000000a trivial correction was made in this observation46889