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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during CROWN cruise from Bombay to Cape of Good Hope started at 1791-12-12 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747982, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -10.750189 * Median Longitude: 44.261132 * South-bound Latitude: -35.130000 * West-bound Longitude: 21.000000 * North-bound Latitude: 18.200000 * East-bound Longitude: 71.900000
Date/Time Start: 1791-12-12T07:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1792-02-02T11:00:00
Event(s):
Crown_17911212_NMM_ADM/L/C229 * Latitude Start: 18.500000 * Longitude Start: 72.820000 * Latitude End: -33.670000 * Longitude End: 17.900000 * Date/Time Start: 1791-12-12T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1792-02-02T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Crown, Voyage: Bombay - Cape Of Good Hope, 1st Observer: Lawrence William Halstead (Captain), 2nd Observer: Thomas Brett (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
10 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
11 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
12 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
13 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
14 Current speed descriptionV descr
15 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
16 Present weatherwwWeather description
17 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
18 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
19 ClearnessClearness
20 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
21 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
22 FogFog1 If fog was reported
23 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
24 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
25 HailHail1 If hail was reported
26 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
27 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1049 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
11 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
12 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
13 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
14 
V descr
15 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
16 
ww
(Weather description)
17 
Precip descr
18 
State sea descr
19 
Clearness
20 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
21 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
22 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
23 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
24 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
25 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
26 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
27 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1791-12-12T07:0018.2071.90670.0BOMBAY LIGHTHOUSEN43E20S47W59.00-1NW, VARIABLE, ENECALMHEAVY CROSS SWELLCLEAR000000046592
1791-12-13T07:0017.5570.853149.3BOMBAY LIGHTHOUSEN52E45S53W75.00-1W, NWCALM, MODERATE, FRESH BREEZESPLEASANT WEATHERCLOUDY000000046593
1791-12-14T07:0015.7568.553146.7BOMBAY LIGHTHOUSEN51E100S51W171.00-1NWFRESH GALES, SQUALLY, MODERATE8AM RAINCLEAR, CLOUDY010000046594
1791-12-15T08:0014.2267.003122.6CAPE BASSASS61W389S44W128.00-3NWBW, NWMODERATE, LIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY, CLEAR000000046595
1791-12-16T08:0013.2565.27872.6CAPE BASSASS61:!4W349S60W115.00-3NW, NNE, EMODERATE BREEZES, LIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY, HAZY000000046596
1791-12-17T08:0012.4864.00872.6CAPE BASSASS61:30W321S58W86.00-3N, NE, ELIGHT BREEZESHAZY000000046597
1791-12-18T08:0011.3762.323626.7CAPE BASSASS61:53W277S56W118.00-5N, VARIABLEMODERATE, FRESH BREEZES, MODERATECLEAR, HAZY, CLOUDY000000046598
1791-12-19T08:0010.2060.003629.3CAPE BASSASS61:38W228S63W153.00-5VARIABLEMODERATE, SQUALLY, FRESH BREEZESHARD RAINFOLLOWING SEACLOUDY, HAZY010000046599
1791-12-20T08:008.7556.953812.3CAPE BASSASS59:2W154S58W165.00-7NEFRESH BREEZES, FINE STEADY GALESPLEASANT WEATHERHAZY000000046600
1791-12-21T08:007.4054.38386.7CAPE BASSASN61W107S54W136.00-7NEMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY000000046601
1791-12-22T08:005.9753.35389.3CAPE BASSASS59:21W44S58W126.00-7NEMODERATE, FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000046602
1791-12-23T09:004.5551.75802.6LONGITUDE OF 47 ON LINES33:24W109S49W166.00-10NE, EFRESH BREEZES, LIGHT BREEZESCLEAR000000046603
1791-12-24T09:003.0250.371142.6BANK DE AMBERSE85S42W124.00-10NEBE, ESE, SEBEMODERATE BREEZES, LIGHT BREEZESPLEASANT WEATHERCLEAR000000046604
1791-12-25T09:001.2348.107919.0BANK DE AMBERS69E69S35W161.00-11NEBE, SE, EMODERATE, FRESH GALESPLEASANT WEATHERSMOOTH WATERCLEAR000000046605
1791-12-26T09:00-0.2847.371226.7PATRAM BANKS51W97S27W101.00-13NE, SEBE, E, SEFINE PLEASANT GALES, MODERATEPLEASANT WEATHERCLOUDY000000046606
1791-12-27T09:00-0.9747.00661.0CAPE DELGARDES23:40W201S28W47.00-13NE, EBNMODERATE BREEZES, LITTLE WIND, LIGHT AIRSSMALL RAINCLOUDY010000046607
1791-12-28T09:00-2.1346.38776.7CAPE DELGARDES21W172S28W80.00-13NE, SE, EMODERATE BREEZESCLEAR000000046608
1791-12-29T09:00-3.0245.9790.0CAPE DELGARDES38W182S26W59.00-14EBS, NE, NNELIGHT AIRS, CALMSWELL FROM NECLEAR000000046609
1791-12-30T09:00-4.0344.983469.3CAPE DELGARDES37:20W152S43W86.00-14NW, SW, NMODERATE BREEZES, MODERATE, FRESH BREEZESCLEAR, CLOUDY000000046610
1791-12-31T09:00-4.9044.383016.7CAPE DELGARDES38:18W134S31W70.00-14NWBN, SW, ESE, NWFRESH BREEZES, LITTLE WIND, LIGHT BREEZES, MODERATERAINCLOUDY010000046611
1792-01-01T09:00-5.4843.35312.6CAPE DELGARDES36:12W117S51W56.00-14NW, VARIABLE, NELIGHT BREEZES, LIGHT WINDSCLOUDY, DARK CLOUDY WEATHER000000046612
1792-01-02T09:00-5.9743.381772.6CAPE DELGARDES37:05W101S33W38.00-14WSW, NE, SBWEBN0.75LIGHT AIRS, LIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000046613
1792-01-03T09:00-6.3043.001661.0CAPE DELGARDES35:50W90S50W31.00-14SSE, SLIGHT BREEZES, LIGHT AIRSCLOUDY000000046614
1792-01-04T09:00-6.6342.52996.7CAPE DELGARDES40:14W93S52W37.00-14S, E, ESELIGHT AIRS, MODERATE WITH FLYING SQUALLS, PLEASANT BREEZESSULTRYCLOUDY, CLEAR000000046615
1792-01-05T09:00-7.5041.453626.7CAPE DELGARDES35:50W63S51W83.00-18E, NNW, VARIABLELIGHT AIRS, FLYING SQUALLS, MODERATESULTRY, PLEASANT WEATHERHARD RAINCLOUDY010000046616
1792-01-06T09:00-8.8040.3256.7CAPE DELGARDES30:2W32S41W103.00-18EBN, VARIABLE, NNELIGHT BREEZES, SQUALLY, MODERATERAINCLEAR, FAIR010000046617
1792-01-07T09:00-10.5741.433426.7CAPE DELGARDE S-ENDSBW4S26W149.00-18NE, NMODERATEFAIR, CLEAR000000046618
1792-01-08T09:00-12.9542.533426.7MOSAMBIQUES34:20W57S24E156.00-18NS19FRESH BREEZES, MODERATELIGHTNINGCLEAR, CLOUDY000010046619
1792-01-09T09:00-15.1841.882052.6CAPE SEBASTIONS42.56W205S16W139.00-20N, VARIABLE, SWS24MODERATE, SQUALLY, FRESH BREEZES, LIGHT BREEZESRAINCLOUDY, HAZY010000046620
1792-01-10T09:00-16.4742.00362CAPE CORIENTESS41:50W201S4E74.00-20VARIABLELIGHT BREEZES, SQUALLYRAINHAZY010000046621
1792-01-11T09:00-16.6841.972502.6CAPE CORIENTESS42W196S6W17.00-20VARIABLE, WMODERATE BREEZES, LIGHT BREEZESRAINHAZY010000046622
1792-01-12T09:00-17.0541.753622.6CAPE CORIENTESS42:57W190S28W28.00-20NNW, VARIABLECALM, LIGHT SQUALLS, LIGHT AIRS, LIGHT BREEZESRAINCLOUDY, HAZY010000046623
1792-01-13T09:00-17.8541.532476.7CAPE CORIENTESS45W174S21W48.00-23WLIGHT BREEZES, SQUALLY, LIGHT AIRS, MODERATERAINCLOUDY, HAZY010000046624
1792-01-14T09:00-19.2540.45222.6EUROPA ROCKSS11:19W43S37W112.00-23NBW, W, NW, NEFRESH BREEZES, SQUALLY, LIGHT BREEZESRAINCLOUDY, HAZY010000046625
1792-01-15T09:00-19.7040.283621.0EUROPA ROCKSS6W35S22W37.00-23N, WBN, VARIABLELIGHT WINDS, SQUALLY, MODERATE, LIGHT AIRSRAINFAIR, CLOUDY010000046626
1792-01-16T09:00-19.0740.993621.0CAPE CORIENTESS52W137S19W6.00-23VARIABLEVERY LIGHT BAFFLING AIRS, CALM, LIGHT AIRSSULTRYSWELL FROM NECLOUDY000000046627
1792-01-17T09:00-20.1840.563626.7CAPE CORIENTESS52W125S56W34.00-23VARIABLELIGHT UNSTEADY BREEZES, LIGHT AIRS AND PLEASANT BREEZESRAINCLOUDY010000046628
1792-01-18T09:00-20.5739.911122.6CAPE CORIENTESS51W109S56W53.00-23NE-SELIGHT BREEZES INCLINABLE TO CALMS, LIGHT WINDSCLEAR, HAZY000000046629
1792-01-19T09:00-21.5838.7290CAPE CORIENTESS50:26W76SW1/2W102.00-23SE, E, ESELIGHT BREEZES, SQUALLYRAINCLEAR010000046630
1792-01-20T09:00-22.8337.523629.3CAPE GOOD HOPES54W396S53W118.00-25VARIABLEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000046631
1792-01-21T10:00-23.8336.371096.7CAPE GOOD HOPES54:2W367S48W90.00-26VARIABLE, VARIABLE FROM SEFRESH BREEZES, MODERATE, MODERATE BREEZESPLEASANT WEATHERSMOOTH WATERCLOUDY, CLEAR000000046632
1792-01-22T10:00-24.8735.331090.0CAPE GOOD HOPES55:28W345SW86.00-26VARIABLE, SES26MODERATE, CALMCLEAR000000046633
1792-01-23T10:00-26.5034.82334SMOKY CAPES69:22W54S16W103.00-26SE, VARIABLE FROM NCALM, LIGHT SQUALLSRAINCLEAR010000046634
1792-01-24T10:00-28.1534.3536212.3CAPE LAGULLASS59W255S16W103.00-27VARIABLECALM, LIGHT BREEZES, FRESH WINDS AND SQUALLYHAZY000000046635
1792-01-25T10:00-30.6732.711819.0CAPE LAGULLASS67:26W202S28W186.00-27NEMODERATE, STRONG GALES, FRESH GALESFOLLOWING SEAHAZY, CLEAR000000046636
1792-01-26T10:00-32.3232.162431.0CAPE LAGULLASS75:42W194S21W94.00-27NE, WFRESH GALES, LIGHT BREEZES, LIGHT AIRSCLOUDY, HAZY000000046637
1792-01-27T10:00-32.9531.341976.7CAPE LAGULLASS77:21W163S51W62.00-28NE, S, SWLIGHT BREEZES, CLOUDY, MODERATE BREEZESHEAVY RAINCLEAR, FAIR010000046638
1792-01-28T10:00-34.3530.2625322.6CAPE LAGULLASS86:50W139S34W102.00-28SW, E, N, WBNMODERATE BREEZES, STRONG GALES AND SQUALLYCLEAR000000046639
1792-01-29T10:00-34.4530.263621.0CAPE LAGULLASS86W137S40W6.00-28VARIABLEFRESH GALES WITH HARD SQUALLS, LIGHT AIRSSWELL FROM SWCLEAR000000046640
1792-01-30T10:00-34.9729.37179.3CAPE GOOD HOPEN85:51W143S74W103.00-28NECALM, LIGHT BREEZES, FRESH BREEZESHEAVY SWELLCLOUDY000000046641
1792-01-31T10:00-34.8027.292882.6CAPE GOOD HOPEN87W121N82W83.00-27NE, N, NWFRESH BREEZES, LIGHT BREEZESCLEAR000000046642
1792-02-01T10:00-34.7724.1736222.6CAPE GOOD HOPEN85W69W159.00-27VARIABLELIGHT BREEZES, FRESH WINDS, STRONG GALESPLEASANT WEATHERCLEAR, DARK CLOUDY WEATHER000000046643
1792-02-02T11:00-35.1321.00651.0CAPE GOOD HOPEN48:10W20S81W147.00-25SE, ESTRONG GALES, FRESH GALES, LIGHT AIRSHAZY, CLEAR, HAZY000000046644