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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during CRESCENT cruise from Spithead to Simons Bay started at 1796-03-09 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747963, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: 1.009863 * Median Longitude: -15.593151 * South-bound Latitude: -34.400000 * West-bound Longitude: -26.900000 * North-bound Latitude: 47.730000 * East-bound Longitude: 17.320000
Date/Time Start: 1796-03-09T13:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1796-05-28T11:00:00
Event(s):
Crescent_17960309_NMM_ADM/L/C219 * Latitude Start: 50.680000 * Longitude Start: -0.960000 * Latitude End: -33.380000 * Longitude End: 17.270000 * Date/Time Start: 1796-03-09T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1796-05-28T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Crescent (5th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Spithead - Simons Bay, 1st Observer: Edward Buller (Captain), 2nd Observer: Issac Orton (2nd Officer/Lieutenant), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 38G 868BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
11 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
13 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
14 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
15 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
16 ClearnessClearness
17 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
18 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
19 FogFog1 If fog was reported
20 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
21 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
22 HailHail1 If hail was reported
23 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
24 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1400 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

-
(1 If position is considered t...)
10 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
11 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
12 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
13 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
14 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
15 
Precip descr
16 
Clearness
17 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
18 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
19 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
20 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
21 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
22 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
23 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
24 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1796-03-09T13:0046.97-11.621116.7TENERIFFS11:21W382S49W76.00-24VARIABLE, SEMODERATECLOUDY000000045808
1796-03-10T13:0047.18-13.5515622.6TENERIFFS74W374N76W56.00-24SW, SSTRONG GALESCLOUDY000000045809
1796-03-11T13:0047.48-13.8220122.6MADEIRAS49W289N36W22.00-24SWBW, SWSTRONG GALES000000045810
1796-03-12T13:0047.73-14.322219.3PORTO SANCTOS21W264N50W23.00-27SW, WSWFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY000000045811
1796-03-13T13:0046.97-14.172462.6PORTO SANCTOS41W270S1/2E15.00-24WSW, SW, WSTRONG BREEZES, AM LIGHT WINDSCLOUDY, AM CLEAR000000045812
1796-03-14T13:0047.45-14.7320122.6CAPE CLEARN39E110N42W39.00-24WSW, SWSTRONG GALES000000045813
1796-03-15T13:0046.87-15.302016.7PORTO SANCTOS32W320S34W43.00-24NW, NBW, SWFRESH BREEZES AND SQUALLY, AM MODERATERAIN010000045814
1796-03-16T13:0046.27-14.332919.3PORTO SANCTOS23W299S28E55.00-24SW, WBS, NWLIGHT BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZESCLEAR000000045815
1796-03-17T13:0045.20-13.772242.6PORTO SANCTOS9:30W255S20E69.00-24SW, NW, WSWLIGHT BREEZESCLEAR000000045816
1796-03-18T13:0043.78-14.203140.0PORTO SANCTOS19W220S18W98.00-24VARIABLE, NNWLIGHT WINDS INCLINABLE TO CALMS000000045817
1796-03-19T13:0042.93-13.972911.0PORTO SANCTOS11:30W214S10E51.00-24SW, SBW, NWLIGHT AIRS000000045818
1796-03-20T13:0042.42-14.431696.7PORTO SANCTOS9:40W207S34W59.00-22VARIABLE, SBWMODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY000000045819
1796-03-21T13:0041.92-15.171589.3PORTO SANCTOS67W195S61W64.00-22SSE, SBE, SFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000045820
1796-03-22T13:0041.73-15.981586.7PORTO SANCTOS23W186S78W55.00-22VARIABLE, SFRESH BREEZES, AM MODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY000000045821
1796-03-23T13:0041.55-16.973386.7PORTO SANCTOS19W170S75W43.00-22VARIABLE, NMODERATE BREEZESHAZY000000045822
1796-03-24T13:0040.15-17.6534912.3PORTO SANCTOS18W150S36W52.00-22EBN, NBEMODERATE, AM STRONG BREEZESCLOUDY, AM HAZY000000045823
1796-03-25T13:0037.13-17.4034012.3PORTO SANCTOS10E93S7E180.00-20NSTRONG BREEZESCLEAR000000045824
1796-03-26T13:0034.32-16.65256.7PORTO SANCTOS8E30S6E171.00-20NEMODERATECLOUDY000000045825
1796-03-29T13:0030.48-17.00716.7SALVAGESS69E15S7E132.00-19EMODERATECLOUDY000000045826
1796-03-30T00:001242.6TENERIFFN01E, SEBELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000045827
1796-03-31T13:0026.07-17.57286.7ST JAGOS27W245S22W159.00-17ESE, NEMODERATECLOUDY000000045828
1796-04-01T13:0023.77-18.82286.7ST JAGOS27W200S24W156.00-17NEMODERATECLOUDY000000045829
1796-04-02T13:0020.90-20.331089.3ST JAGOS26W126S26W191.00-16NE, SEBEMODERATE, AM FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000045830
1796-04-03T13:0018.02-21.32299.3ST JAGOS34W75S20W187.00-16NEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000045831
1796-04-09T14:0012.32-23.33239.3TRINIDADAS29W712S6E112.00-11NEBNFRESH BREEZESCLEAR000000045832
1796-04-10T14:009.77-23.32346.7ASCENSIONS27E390S2W156.00-11NEMODERATECLEAR000000045833
1796-04-11T14:007.40-23.03582.6ASCENSIONS46E254S4E139.00-10ENELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000045834
1796-04-12T14:005.03-23.00352.6TRINIDADAS8W500S5E140.00-10NELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000045835
1796-04-13T14:003.53-23.071701.0TRINIDADAS8W452S87.00-10NW, SLIGHT BREEZES, AM LIGHT AIRS, SOMETIMES SQUALLYAM HEAVY RAINCLOUDY010000045836
1796-04-14T14:001.82-22.60366.7TRINIDADAS9W440S10E107.00-9NELIGHT BREEZES, AM MODERATE BREEZESAM RAINCLOUDY010000045837
1796-04-15T14:001.10-22.823622.6TRINIDADAS7W429S4W47.00-9VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000045838
1796-04-16T14:000.72-23.101601.0TRINIDADAS9W419S34W37.00-9NE, SBELIGHT AIRSAM RAINCLEAR010000045839
1796-04-17T14:000.52-23.10361.0TRINIDADAS6W404S14W16.00-9SE, NELIGHT AIRSRAIN010000045840
1796-04-18T14:00-0.62-23.321046.7TRINIDADAS6W390S10W69.00-9SSE, ESELIGHT AIRS, AM MODERATECLOUDY, AM CLEAR000000045841
1796-04-19T14:00-0.92-23.481046.7TRINIDADAS7W389S36W22.00-9SE, ESEMODERATECLOUDY000000045842
1796-04-20T14:00-1.25-23.573620.0TRINIDADAS21W401S14W23.00-9VARIABLELIGHT BREEZES, AM LIGHT AIRS INCLINABLE TO CALMSCLOUDY000000045843
1796-04-21T14:00-1.60-23.501490.0TRINIDADAS21W395S6E21.00-9ENE, SSECALMRAIN010000045844
1796-04-22T14:00-2.07-23.372392.6TRINIDADAS21W389S19E34.00-9NW, WSWLIGHT AIRS, AM LIGHT BREEZESAM CLEAR000000045845
1796-04-23T14:00-3.07-23.27606.7TRINIDADAS21W372S7E56.00-8ESE, ENELIGHT AIRS, AM MODERATE BREEZESAM CLOUDY000000045846
1796-04-24T14:00-4.93-23.751272.6TRINIDADAS23W336S17W109.00-8SELIGHT WINDS000000045847
1796-04-25T14:00-6.90-24.721279.3TRINIDADAS26W291S25W131.00-8SEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000045848
1796-04-26T14:00-8.68-25.431289.3TRINIDADAS26W257S24W119.00-7SEMODERATE BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZESCLEAR000000045849
1796-04-27T14:00-10.73-25.43836.7TRINIDADAS26W214S126.00-7ELIGHT BREEZES, AM MODERATE BREEZESRAINAM CLEAR010000045850
1796-04-28T14:00-12.72-25.651189.3TRINIDADAS34W179S6W121.00-6EBS, ESE, SEBEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000045851
1796-04-29T14:00-15.02-26.071079.3TRINIDADAS38W134S10W122.00-6ESEFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000045852
1796-04-30T14:00-17.52-26.001089.3TRINIDADAS57W100S1E152.00-5ESEFRESH BREEZESCLEAR000000045853
1796-05-01T14:00-19.37-26.10856.7TRINIDADAS78W86S3W111.00-5ESE, EMODERATEFAIR000000045854
1796-05-02T14:00-20.88-26.651196.7TRINIDADAN84W72S12W90.00-5SEBS, SEBEMODERATEFAIR000000045855
1796-05-03T14:00-22.25-26.901196.7TRINIDADAN60W57S9W89.00-5EBN, SEBELIGHT AIRS, AM MODERATE BREEZESCLEAR, AM CLOUDY000000045856
1796-05-04T14:00-23.75-26.48862.6RIO DE JANEIRON87W309S4E86.00-4ELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000045857
1796-05-05T14:00-24.93-25.83642.6CAPE GOOD HOPES74E859S27E89.00-4ENELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000045858
1796-05-06T14:00-25.70-25.62751.0CAPE GOOD HOPES79E789S24E46.00-4EBNLIGHT AIRSCLEAR000000045859
1796-05-07T14:00-26.33-25.25411.0CAPE GOOD HOPES76E779S30E49.00-4NELIGHT AIRS000000045860
1796-05-08T14:00-27.50-24.10212.6CAPE GOOD HOPES74E738S41E96.00-2NNW, NNELIGHT WINDS000000045861
1796-05-09T13:00-28.10-21.7333219.0CAPE GOOD HOPES79E687S76E178.00-6VARIABLE, NW, NNWFRESH BREEZES, AM SQUALLY, FRESH GALESAM PASSING SHOWERSHAZY100000045862
1796-05-10T13:00-27.65-19.171859.3CAPE GOOD HOPES79E650S78E140.00-6SSW, S, SBWFRESH BREEZESRAINAM CLOUDY010000045863
1796-05-11T13:00-27.70-17.0229.3CAPE GOOD HOPES79E610S85E100.00-9NBELIGHT BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZESRAINAM CLEAR010000045864
1796-05-12T13:00-28.07-13.8026.7CAPE GOOD HOPES78E560S28E179.00-9NW, NBEFRESH BREEZES, AM MODERATECLOUDY000000045865
1796-05-13T13:00-28.45-11.283269.3CAPE GOOD HOPES77E517S80E150.00-12NNWFRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000045866
1796-05-14T13:00-28.63-9.433036.7CAPE GOOD HOPES78E479S86E89.00-12N, NWLIGHT BREEZES, AM MODERATE BREEZESCLOUDY000000045867
1796-05-15T13:00-28.63-7.573622.6CAPE GOOD HOPES75:30E454E106.00-12VARIABLELIGHT BREEZESCLOUDY000000045868
1796-05-16T12:00-27.17-6.503626.7CAPE GOOD HOPES72E449N36:30E110.00-15VARIABLEMODERATECLOUDY000000045869
1796-05-17T12:00-29.02-6.153626.7CAPE GOOD HOPES74:17E430S6:30E115.00-14VARIABLEMODERATECLOUDY000000045870
1796-05-18T12:00-29.57-4.68319.3CAPE GOOD HOPES79E401S70E76.00-14NELIGHT BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZESRAINCLOUDY010000045871
1796-05-19T12:00-29.93-2.853466.7CAPE GOOD HOPES74E370S73E94.00-14NLIGHT AIRS, AM FRESH BREEZES, NOON MODERATEAM CLOUDY, NOON FAIR000000045872
1796-05-20T12:00-30.03-0.833439.3CAPE GOOD HOPES75E332S89E101.00-17NMODERATE BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000045873
1796-05-21T12:00-30.072.103546.7CAPE GOOD HOPES71E281S86E180.00-17NBESQUALLY, AM MODERATE BREEZES000000045874
1796-05-22T12:00-30.075.173CAPE GOOD HOPES65E247E134.00-20NNESQUALLY000000045875
1796-05-23T12:00-29.906.173182.6CAPE GOOD HOPES65E230N72E54.00-20ESE, NNWSQUALLY, AM LIGHT BREEZESAM CLOUDY000000045876
1796-05-24T12:00-31.636.7770CAPE GOOD HOPES74E210S12E101.00-20ESQUALLY000000045877
1796-05-25T11:00-32.929.48469.3CAPE GOOD HOPES76E157S60E160.00-22ENEMODERATE, AM FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY000000045878
1796-05-26T11:00-33.6313.43216.7CAPE GOOD HOPES77E93S77E206.00-24NEFRESH BREEZES, AM MODERATECLOUDY000000045879
1796-05-27T11:00-33.4717.323479.3CAPE GOOD HOPES44E34N86E199.00-24NBEFRESH BREEZESAM SHOWERSCLOUDY100000045880
1796-05-28T11:00-34.4017.203629.3CAPE GOOD HOPES84E16S73E154.00-24VARIABLEMODERATE BREEZES, AM FRESH BREEZESCLOUDY, AM HAZY000000045881