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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during CORNELIA cruise from Texel to Padang started at 1853-08-08 [dataset]. Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, De Bilt, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747951, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -6.450495 * Median Longitude: 44.301703 * South-bound Latitude: -40.050000 * West-bound Longitude: -28.250000 * North-bound Latitude: 51.750000 * East-bound Longitude: 101.180000
Date/Time Start: 1853-08-08T12:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1854-02-05T05:00:00
Event(s):
Cornelia_18530808_M_REIS_41_P193-209 * Latitude Start: 53.090000 * Longitude Start: 4.670000 * Latitude End: -1.090000 * Longitude End: 100.210000 * Date/Time Start: 1853-08-08T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1854-02-05T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Cornelia (Bark), Voyage: Texel - Padang, 1st Observer: H.P.Hazewinckel (Kapitein), Other ship information: REIS 41, P. 193-209
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
Pressure, atmosphericPPPPhPaNo temperature correction was applied. The following factors have been used for the conversion to hPa: 2.54 cm in an inch; 13.596 specific gravity of mercury; 980.65 cm/s gravity at 45° latitude
Temperature, airTTT°C
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
10 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
11 LandmarkLandmarkName of second landmark
12 BearingBearingBearing of the second landmark
13 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the second landmark
14 LandmarkLandmarkName of third landmark
15 BearingBearingBearing of the third landmark
16 Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the third landmark
17 --1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
18 WatchWatchName of the period of 4 hours which is known as a watch or duty on board ships
19 GlassesGlassesNumber of glasses within a watch; one watch equals 8 glasses
20 CommentCommentOther remarks, that were not possible to put in the other remark fields
21 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
22 Wind scale referenceWind scale ref#Name of, or reference to the wind scale that has been used
23 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the (outside) air thermometer
24 Sensor readingReadingarbitrary unitsReading of the air pressure
25 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
26 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
27 Present weatherwwWeather description
28 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
29 State of the sea descriptionState sea descr
30 Cloud typeCloud type
31 ClearnessClearness
32 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
33 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
34 FogFog1 If fog was reported
35 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
36 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
37 HailHail1 If hail was reported
38 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
39 CommentComment
40 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
3902 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

PPPP [hPa]
(No temperature correction was...)

TTT [°C]

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)
10 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)
11 
Landmark
(Name of second landmark)
12 
Bearing
(Bearing of the second landmark)
13 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the second landmark)
14 
Landmark
(Name of third landmark)
15 
Bearing
(Bearing of the third landmark)
16 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the third landmark)
17 
-
(1 If position is considered t...)
18 
Watch
(Name of the period of 4 hours...)
19 
Glasses
(Number of glasses within a wa...)
20 
Comment
(Other remarks, that were not ...)
21 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
22 
Wind scale ref [#]
(Name of, or reference to the ...)
23 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the (outside) air ...)
24 
Reading [arbitrary units]
(Reading of the air pressure)
25 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
26 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
27 
ww
(Weather description)
28 
Precip descr
29 
State sea descr
30 
Cloud type
31 
Clearness
32 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
33 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
34 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
35 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
36 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
37 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
38 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
39 
Comment
40 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1853-08-08T12:0051.752.173499.31020.021.1KIJKDUINNO 1/4 OKAPERDUINOZO1/4O RWGALLOPER, VUURSCHIPW 1/4 Z21VM8-22570.00765.00NTO5V03000000044960
1853-08-09T12:0050.670.43234.6BEVESIERNWTW1VM8-223NO3V01000000044961
1853-08-10T12:0050.30-2.17469.31VM8-225ONO5V01000000044962
1853-08-11T12:0049.68-5.03669.31021.320.0KAAP LEZARD (GIS)NTW 1/2 W5VM8-24568.00766.00O5H01000000044963
1853-08-12T13:0048.27-8.38649.31016.022.2VM8-26572.00762.00O5H01000000044964
1853-08-13T13:0045.87-10.48559.31010.722.8VM8-24573.00758.00OTN5V03, V04000000044965
1853-08-14T13:0045.08-11.681344.61013.321.7VM8-24371.00760.00ZZO3W10V04001000044966
1853-08-15T13:0044.22-11.572244.61013.321.7VM8-24371.00760.00WZW3V03000000044967
1853-08-16T13:0042.85-13.122899.31016.022.8KAAP FINISTERE (GIS)O42VM8-26573.00762.00NW5W20V03, V06010000044968
1853-08-17T13:0042.17-13.102241006.725.6VM8-2478.00755.00WZWW00, W10Z03V03101000044969
1853-08-18T13:0040.35-12.752249.31014.723.9VM8-24575.00761.00WZW5W10V06001000044970
1853-08-19T13:0039.47-12.082142.61013.324.4VM8-22276.00760.00ZWTW2V05000000044971
1853-08-20T13:0038.82-12.021472.61016.029.4VM8-22285.00762.00ZTO2V00H00000000044972
1853-08-21T13:0038.55-12.102142.61012.025.6VM8-22278.00759.00ZWTW2OPWERKENDE DONDERLUCHTUIT NW MET REGEN.W20Z03010000044973
1853-08-22T13:0036.78-14.0231612.31014.726.1VM8-22679.00761.00NNW6GEDURENDE DIT ETMAAL ZEER BUIJIG MET DONDER EN BLIKSEM.V03000000044974
1853-08-23T13:0034.40-16.7319.31018.726.1MADERA WESTHOEK (GIS)ZZW24VM8HET SCHIP BEVOND ZICH NAGENOEG OP DE PLAATS WAAR DE ACHT KLIPPER IN DE KAART STAAT AANGETEKEND.-22579.00764.00NNO5V00H00000000044975
1853-08-24T13:0032.55-17.75224.6ILE DE SOLZ 61° OPUNTA DA TRISTAMZ 82° OPUNTA DA CRUZO 1° NVM8-233NO3V00H00000000044976
1853-08-25T13:0031.05-18.673284.61017.323.9VM8-21375.00763.00NTW3V01H00000000044977
1853-08-26T13:0029.25-19.8329.31020.026.7PALMA (GIS)OZO 1/2 O21VM8-21580.00765.00NNO5V00, V01000000044978
1853-08-27T13:0027.00-21.03489.31020.026.1VM8-20579.00765.00ONO5V01000000044979
1853-08-28T13:0024.83-22.17489.31018.725.6VM8-20578.00764.00ONO5V03000000044980
1853-08-29T14:0022.27-23.60509.31017.326.1VM8-18579.00763.00ONO5Z00V04000000044981
1853-08-30T14:0019.33-25.22509.31018.726.7VM8-18580.00764.00ONO5V10100000044982
1853-08-31T14:0017.07-25.73511012.026.7ZAGEN DE WESTPIEK VAN ST ANTHONIEZ 32° OWESTPIEKO5VM8-1780.00759.00ONOV04, V06H00000000044983
1853-09-01T14:0014.82-25.93519.31012.026.7VM8-17580.00759.00ONO5V03H00000000044984
1853-09-02T14:0013.38-24.7220812.31010.726.1VM8-17679.00758.00ZW6W02, W11W21111000044985
1853-09-03T14:0012.28-23.422089.31013.326.7VM8-17580.00760.00ZW5V01H00000000044986
1853-09-04T14:0010.95-23.533216.71012.027.2VM8-17481.00759.00NNW4V00, V01000000044987
1853-09-05T14:008.55-23.473329.31012.027.5VM8-17581.50759.00NTW5V00H00000000044988
1853-09-06T14:007.70-23.1218612.31009.324.4VM8-1776.00757.00ZZW3-6W00, W35. VOORMIDDAG ZWARE BUI MET STORTREGENS.W22Z01V13110010044989
1853-09-07T13:007.58-20.801739.31013.326.7VM8-18580.00760.00ZTW5V01000000044990
1853-09-08T13:006.62-18.801969.3VM8-185ZWTZ5OPWERKENDE DIKKE BUIJIGE LUCHT UIT HET ZUID. IN DE VOORMIDDAG OPWERKENDE DIKKE DONDERLUCHT UIT NOORDEN.V11100000044991
1853-09-09T13:005.92-18.533421010.726.1VM8-1879.00758.00NW20V10110000044992
1853-09-10T13:005.37-19.681404.61012.026.7VM8-18380.00759.00ZZO3V01, V03000000044993
1853-09-11T13:004.65-20.001626.71012.026.7VM8-18480.00759.00Z4V03000000044994
1853-09-12T13:003.88-21.781629.31013.326.7VM8-18580.00760.00Z5V00, V01000000044995
1853-09-13T13:003.67-21.521626.71013.327.2VM8-18481.00760.00Z4V00, V01000000044996
1853-09-14T13:003.73-20.201736.71013.327.2VM8-18481.00760.00ZTW4V00000000044997
1853-09-15T13:003.22-19.901516.71013.327.2VM8-18481.00760.00ZTO4V00H00000000044998
1853-09-16T13:001.58-21.431409.31013.327.8VM8-18582.00760.00ZZO5S MORGENS OPKLARENDE LUCHT.V00, V03000000044999
1853-09-17T13:00-0.28-22.401179.31016.027.8VM8PASSEREN S MORGENS DE EQUATOR IN 22 15 WESTERLENGTE. 41 ETMALEN IN ZEE.-18582.00762.00ZO5W20V10110000045000
1853-09-18T14:00-2.27-23.581319.31016.026.7VM8-15580.00762.00ZOTZ5V01000000045001
1853-09-19T14:00-4.67-24.951209.31012.026.1VM8-15579.00759.00ZO5V01000000045002
1853-09-20T14:00-7.50-26.2212112.31012.026.1KAAP ST. AUGUSTIJN (GIS)W 5/8 Z128VM8-14679.00759.00ZO6V10100000045003
1853-09-21T14:00-10.08-27.031109.31012.026.1VM8-14579.00759.00ZOTO5V00000000045004
1853-09-22T14:00-12.38-27.971029.31013.326.7VM8-11580.00760.00OZO5V01000000045005
1853-09-23T14:00-13.98-26.983469.31012.025.6VM8-1478.00759.00N4-5W01W21, STORTREGENV04, V10110000045006
1853-09-24T14:00-14.68-25.781894.61009.326.1VM8-14379.00757.00ZZW3Z05V01H00000000045007
1853-09-25T14:00-15.58-25.232111012.026.1VM8-1479.00759.00ZWZ05000000045008
1853-09-26T14:00-16.42-24.772222.61013.326.1VM8-14279.00760.00ZWTW2Z05. BERGENHOGE DEINING UIT HET ZW.V00000000045009
1853-09-27T14:00-16.57-24.621442.61013.326.7VM8-1480.00760.00ZZO1-2V00, V01000000045010
1853-09-28T14:00-17.83-24.30104.61012.026.7VM8-13380.00759.00NNO3V01000000045011
1853-09-29T14:00-19.33-23.901904.61013.322.2VM8-13372.00760.00ZZW3W20V10110000045012
1853-09-30T14:00-20.53-24.381339.31016.022.8VM8-13573.00762.00ZOTZ5Z04V01000000045013
1853-10-01T14:00-22.35-25.5512212.31014.723.3VM8-13674.00761.00ZO6Z04V05, V10100000045014
1853-10-02T14:00-24.45-26.837812.31018.723.3VM8-12674.00764.00O6Z01V01000000045015
1853-10-03T14:00-26.93-27.831159.31020.022.8VM8-9573.00765.00ZOTO5Z01V01000000045016
1853-10-04T14:00-30.02-28.259312.31014.722.2VM8-8672.00761.00OTZ6V01000000045017
1853-10-05T14:00-33.15-27.48809.31021.319.4VM8-10567.00766.00O5W20V13010000045018
1853-10-06T14:00-34.03-24.80112.31016.020.0VM8-10668.00762.00NTO6Z01V01000000045019
1853-10-07T13:00-34.73-20.7034726.8997.320.0VM8-131068.00748.00N10Z02V12100000045020
1853-10-08T13:00-34.45-18.4722312.31012.016.1VM8-1361.00759.00ZWTW8-6Z07V01, V10100000045021
1853-10-09T13:00-35.08-14.5720922.61010.716.7VM8-16962.00758.00ZW9W02W22Z07110000045022
1853-10-10T13:00-35.00-11.3318412.31017.316.7VM8-19662.00763.00ZZW6V01000000045023
1853-10-11T13:00-35.77-8.201619.31018.715.6VM8-19560.00764.00Z5V00, V02, V10100000045024
1853-10-12T12:00-36.03-6.75346.71024.015.0VM8-22459.00768.00NOTO4V00, V01000000045025
1853-10-13T12:00-37.22-2.872312.31023.316.4VM8-22661.50767.50NO6V04000000045026
1853-10-14T12:00-38.521.452215.41020.015.0VM8-23759.00765.00NO7W20V06010000045027
1853-10-15T12:00-39.425.1389.31016.015.0VM8-26559.00762.00NOTN5V04H00000000045028
1853-10-16T11:00-39.478.423219.31009.315.0VM8-28559.00757.00NTW5W20V10110000045029
1853-10-17T11:00-39.2511.8533212.31005.316.1VM8-28661.00754.00N6V05000000045030
1853-10-18T11:00-39.2316.2724112.31012.015.6VM8-29660.00759.00W6Z00V10100000045031
1853-10-19T11:00-39.4718.131059.31018.716.7KAAP AGULHUS (GIS)NTO 7/8 O74VM8-30562.00764.00ZO5Z00V01000000045032
1853-10-20T11:00-40.0519.9833026.8990.716.7VM8-301062.00743.00N10W02, W34W20, W27Z07V03110011045033
1853-10-21T10:00-39.8823.2727319.0999.315.0VM8-31859.00749.50NWTW8W01W21, W27Z02V11110001045034
1853-10-22T10:00-39.2326.4328419.01014.716.7VM8-31862.00761.00NW8W01W22, W28Z07V03110001045035
1853-10-23T10:00-39.2231.0835215.41010.718.3VM8-31765.00758.00NNO7V05000000045036
1853-10-24T10:00-39.3035.251412.31006.719.4VM8-31667.00755.00NO6W00, W10V06101000045037
1853-10-25T09:00-38.7037.632859.31008.018.3VM8-30565.00756.00NW5W20V06010000045038
1853-10-26T09:00-38.4738.7519522.61000.017.2VM8-30963.00750.00ZW9W00, W35, RONDOM DONDERLICHT100010045039
1853-10-27T09:00-38.5542.0719512.31017.316.7VM8-30662.00763.00ZW6Z01V01000000045040
1853-10-28T09:00-38.1345.131749.31025.315.0VM8106 DAGEN REIS.-29559.00769.00ZZW5V04000000045041
1853-10-29T09:00-37.7246.751852.61029.316.1VM8-29261.00772.00ZWTZ2V04H00000000045042
1853-10-30T09:00-37.8549.231756.71022.716.1VM8-28461.00767.00ZZW4V04H00000000045043
1853-10-31T09:00-38.0750.63736.71021.316.7VM8-28462.00766.00OTZ4V010000000a trivial correction was made in this observation45044
1853-11-01T08:00-38.9254.451815.41012.018.3VM8-27765.00759.00NO7W20Z01V05010000045045
1853-11-02T08:00-39.0258.3033422.61004.017.8VM8-26964.00753.00N9W22Z01, AANSCHIETENDE ZEE.V13010000045046
1853-11-03T08:00-39.3261.6835712.31004.017.2VM8-26663.00753.00NNO6W20V10110000045047
1853-11-04T08:00-38.3064.8599.31003.316.7VM8-25562.00752.50NOTN5W21V13010000045048
1853-11-05T08:00-37.7766.8822322.61002.717.2VM8-25963.00752.00WZW9Z07V03, V07000000045049
1853-11-06T07:00-36.7369.402299.31012.017.2VM8-19563.00759.00WZW5V03000000045050
1853-11-07T07:00-35.8870.932744.61018.718.3VM8-19365.00764.00WNW3V04000000045051
1853-11-08T07:00-35.7873.45279.31015.318.9VM8-18566.00761.50NO5V07000000045052
1853-11-09T07:00-35.5876.23519.01006.717.8VM8-18864.00755.00NNO8W21V13010000045053
1853-11-10T07:00-34.2077.2820712.3VM8-186ZW6V04000000045054
1853-11-11T07:00-31.7378.0377VM8-13OW21V05010000045055
1853-11-12T07:00-30.5078.8032515.41009.320.0VM8-13768.00757.00NNW7W01W20Z07V03110000045056
1853-11-13T07:00-29.0780.831901014.722.2VM8-1372.00761.00ZZWV04H00000000045057
1853-11-14T06:00-26.5582.9312712.31014.722.2VM8-8672.00761.00ZO6V10100000045058
1853-11-15T06:00-23.9085.0517212.31013.323.9VM8-8675.00760.00Z6V04000000045059
1853-11-16T06:00-21.8085.571521013.325.0VM8-677.00760.00ZZOV04H00000000045060
1853-11-17T06:00-19.6286.431291012.025.6VM8-678.00759.00ZOV00, V01H00000000045061
1853-11-18T06:00-16.8087.159812.31013.326.7VM8-3680.00760.00OTZ6W20V01010000045062
1853-11-19T06:00-14.1887.12429.31010.727.2VM8-3581.00758.00NO5V00, V01000000045063
1853-11-20T06:00-13.4886.872221010.727.8VM8-382.00758.00ZWV01000000045064
1853-11-21T06:00-13.1086.62201.01010.728.3VM8-3183.00758.00NNO1V00000000045065
1853-11-22T06:00-12.6386.403571.01010.027.8VM8-3182.00757.50N1V04000000045066
1853-11-23T06:00-10.6286.12889.31009.328.3VM8-2583.00757.00O5V01000000045067
1853-11-24T06:00-8.8086.871336.71008.727.8VM8-2482.00756.50ZO4V06000000045068
1853-11-25T06:00-6.9287.752939.31008.027.2VM80581.00756.00WNW5V00, V01000000045069
1853-11-26T06:00-5.7288.753384.61008.028.9VM80384.00756.00NNW3V00H00000000045070
1853-11-27T06:00-5.0789.323152.61008.028.9VM80284.00756.00NW2V03000000045071
1853-11-28T06:00-4.3589.601352.61008.028.9VM80284.00756.00ZO2W20V10110000045072
1853-11-29T06:00-3.5589.801356.71010.728.3VM80483.00758.00ZO4V10100000045073
1853-11-30T06:00-2.6390.881136.71010.728.3VM80483.00758.00OZO4V01000000045074
1853-12-01T06:00-2.4891.0011.01009.328.3VM81183.00757.00N1V07100000045075
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1853-12-03T06:00-3.0891.73232.61010.729.4VM80285.00758.00NNO2V04000000045077
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