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García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2010): Meteorological observations during COLCHESTER cruise from Madeira to St. Helena started at 1760-04-02 [dataset]. National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, United Kingdom, PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.747936, In: Jones, Philip D; Wheeler, Dennis A; Können, Gunther P; Koek, Frits B; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; García-Herrera, Ricardo (2007): Climatological observations from ship logbooks between 1750 and 1854 (release 2.1) [dataset publication series]. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.611088

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Related to:
García-Herrera, Ricardo; Können, Gunther P; Wheeler, Dennis A; Prieto, Maria del Rosario; Jones, Philip D; Koek, Frits B (2005): CLIWOC: A Climatological Database for the World's Oceans 1750–1854 (and 10 more publications about CLIWOC results in the same volume). Climatic Change, 73(1-2), 1-12ff, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-6952-6
Funding:
Fifth Framework Programme (FP5), grant/award no. EVK2-CT-2000-00090: Climatological Database for the Worlds Oceans: 1750-1854
Coverage:
Median Latitude: -7.259091 * Median Longitude: -14.772000 * South-bound Latitude: -28.750000 * West-bound Longitude: -22.050000 * North-bound Latitude: 29.630000 * East-bound Longitude: 2.030000
Date/Time Start: 1760-04-02T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1760-05-27T12:00:00
Event(s):
Colchester_17600402_NMM_ADM/L/C165 * Latitude Start: 32.130000 * Longitude Start: -16.570000 * Latitude End: -15.890000 * Longitude End: -5.750000 * Date/Time Start: 1760-04-02T00:00:00 * Date/Time End: 1760-05-27T00:00:00 * Campaign: Cliwoc_cruise * Method/Device: Underway cruise track measurements (CT) * Comment: Ship: Colchester (4th Rate Frigate), Voyage: Madeira - St Helena, 1st Observer: Lucius O'Bryen (Captain), 2nd Observer: James Hawker (1st Officer/Master), Company: Royal Navy, Other ship information: 50 GUNS, 968BM
Parameter(s):
#NameShort NameUnitPrincipal InvestigatorMethod/DeviceComment
DATE/TIMEDate/TimeGeocode
LATITUDELatitudeGeocode
LONGITUDELongitudeGeocode
Wind directiondddegWind direction (from which the wind is blowing) in whole degrees from: 1-360; 361 = calm, 362 = variable. It is not clear from many logbook entries whether the wind direction has been corrected for the magnetic variation (or declination). To avoid any misunderstanding, all winds from reports that included a valid position in the period 1750-1854 were corrected. All other wind directions are given without being corrected.
Wind speedffm/scalculated from the descriptive terms of wind force given in the observations
LandmarkLandmarkName of first landmark
BearingBearingBearing of the first landmark
Distance to landmarkDistancearbitrary unitsDistance to the first landmark
--1 If position is considered to be coastal (in port or near coastal disturbances)
10 CourseCourseCourse of the ship during the past 24 hours
11 DistanceDistancearbitrary unitsDistance travelled during the previous 24 hours
12 CommentCommentAny remark, found in the logbook on this particular day, about the ship, sails, rigging, etc.
13 DeclinationDecldegIt is generally accepted by the CLIWOC team that the wind directions, reported by the ships officers, were relative to the magnetic North direction. Navigators were well aware of the difference between the true and magnetic north direction, but the compasses (we assumed that the bearing-compasses were mostly used for determining the wind direction) were not always adjusted. Therefore the wind direction has to be corrected. The magnetic declination (or variation, as it is known on board ships) is given for the whole CLIWOC period (1750-1850) for every 5x5 degree square. The number was added to the wind direction to get the true wind direction.
14 Wind direction descriptionWind dir descrAll reported wind directions on this day. The wind direction is the direction that points to where the wind comes from.
15 Current direction descriptionCur dir descrDirection of the current. This direction points to where the current is flowing towards to.
16 Current speed descriptionV descr
17 Wind force descriptionWind force descrAll reported wind forces on this day
18 Present weatherwwWeather description
19 Precipitation descriptionPrecip descr
20 ClearnessClearness
21 GustsGusts1 If wind gusts are reported
22 Precipitation/RainRain1 If rain was reported
23 FogFog1 If fog was reported
24 Snow typeSnow1 If snow was reported
25 ThunderThunder1 If thunder and or lightning was reported
26 HailHail1 If hail was reported
27 Sea iceSea ice1 If sea-ice or icebergs were reported
28 IdentificationIDCLIWOC 2.1 line number
Size:
1047 data points

Data

Download dataset as tab-delimited text — use the following character encoding:


Date/Time

Latitude

Longitude

dd [deg]
(Wind direction (from which th...)

ff [m/s]
(calculated from the descripti...)

Landmark
(Name of first landmark)

Bearing
(Bearing of the first landmark)

Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance to the first landmark)

-
(1 If position is considered t...)
10 
Course
(Course of the ship during the...)
11 
Distance [arbitrary units]
(Distance travelled during the...)
12 
Comment
(Any remark, found in the logb...)
13 
Decl [deg]
(It is generally accepted by t...)
14 
Wind dir descr
(All reported wind directions ...)
15 
Cur dir descr
(Direction of the current. Thi...)
16 
V descr
17 
Wind force descr
(All reported wind forces on t...)
18 
ww
(Weather description)
19 
Precip descr
20 
Clearness
21 
Gusts
(1 If wind gusts are reported)
22 
Rain
(1 If rain was reported)
23 
Fog
(1 If fog was reported)
24 
Snow
(1 If snow was reported)
25 
Thunder
(1 If thunder and or lightning...)
26 
Hail
(1 If hail was reported)
27 
Sea ice
(1 If sea-ice or icebergs were...)
28 
ID
(CLIWOC 2.1 line number)
1760-04-02T00:003042.6FUNCHALE1/2S31NE, VARIABLE, NWBW1ST MODERATE, LATTER LITTLE WINDLATTER SHOWERYFIRST FAIR100000044065
1760-04-03T13:0029.63-18.3435819.0MADEIRAN22:00E61S22:00W148.00-13SWBW, NNW, NBE1ST PART FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY, MID AND LATTER FRESH GALESMID AND LATTER CLOUDY000000044066
1760-04-04T13:0027.08-18.385619.0HIARROEBN1/2N10-12NNE, NE, EBS, ENE1ST AND MID PART MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALES000000044067
1760-04-05T13:0024.53-18.5510112.3PALMAN20:00E82S20:00W247.00-12ESE, EBN, ESEA FINE FRESH TRADE000000044068
1760-04-06T13:0021.48-18.555712.3PALMAN10:00E141S183.00-11ESE, ENEA FINE FRESH TRADE000000044069
1760-04-07T13:0018.70-18.55126.7PALMAN8:00E183S167.00-11ENE, NNEMODERATE000000044070
1760-04-08T13:0016.07-18.55246.7PALMAN8:00E248S158.00-10NNE, NEBNMODERATE000000044071
1760-04-09T13:0013.93-18.7216.7PALMAN6:00E291S4:00W129.00-10NNE, NE, NBEMODERATE000000044072
1760-04-10T13:0012.82-18.92462.6PALMAN7:00E314S10:00W68.00-10NNE, NEBELITTLE WIND000000044073
1760-04-11T13:0011.23-19.15351PALMAN7:00E346S8:00W96.00-9NBW, NNW, NMODERATE WEATHER000000044074
1760-04-12T13:009.83-19.0222.6PALMAN6:00E373S1/2E84.00-9NNE, NBW, NBELITTLE WIND000000044075
1760-04-13T13:008.38-19.092722.6PALMAN6:00E402S3:00W87.00-9NBW, W, WBNLITTLE WIND000000044076
1760-04-14T13:007.12-18.843412.6PALMAN6:00E422S11:00W78.00-8NW, VARIABLE, NBWLITTLE WIND000000044077
1760-04-15T13:005.92-18.67152.6PALMAN4:00E451S8:00W73.00-8NBW, VARIABLE, NNELITTLE WIND000000044078
1760-04-16T13:004.98-18.723182.6PALMAN4:00E470S4:00W57.00VENTILATED SHIP-8NNW, N, NWBNLITTLE WIND000000044079
1760-04-17T13:004.28-19.521052.6PALMAN6:00E481SWBS51.00-8NWBW, SBE, ESE1ST AND LATTER PART LITTLE WIND, MID SQUALLYLIGHTNINGRAIN010010044080
1760-04-18T13:004.47-19.523612.6PALMAN6:00E483N11.00-8CALM, VARIABLE, CALMLITTLE WINDS, INTERMIXED WITH CALMS AND VERY UNSETTLED000000044081
1760-04-19T13:004.18-19.47362PALMAN5:00E488S10:00E18.00-8EBS, CALM, S, VARIABLE1ST AND MID PART LITTLE WINDS INTERMIXED WITH CALMS, LATTER SQUALLYLATTER RAIN1ST AND MID CLOUDY010000044082
1760-04-20T13:003.42-19.47296PALMAN5:00E505S46.00-8NWBWESE61ST AND MID PART LITTLE WINDS INTERMIXED WITH CALMS, LATTER SQUALLY000000044083
1760-04-21T13:003.12-19.423612.6PALMAN5:00E512S10:00E19.00-8SSW, VARIABLE, CALMLITTLE WIND INTERMIXED WITH CALMSMUCH RAIN010000044084
1760-04-22T13:002.78-19.573612.6PALMAN5:00E514S24:00E22.00-8CALM, VARIABLE, CALMLITTLE WIND INTERMIXED WITH CALMSTHUNDER AND LIGHTNINGRAIN010010044085
1760-04-23T13:002.37-19.403612.6PALMAN4:00E523SSE27.00-7CALM, VARIABLE, CALMLITTLE WIND INTERMIXED WITH CALMS000000044086
1760-04-24T13:001.57-19.943612.6PALMAN6:00E540SWBS58.00-7CALM, VARIABLE, CALMLITTLE WIND INTERMIXED WITH CALMS000000044087
1760-04-25T13:000.80-20.1536219.0PALMAN6:00E587S16:00W48.00-7ESE, VARIABLE1ST AND MID LITTLE WIND, LATTER FRESH GALES AND SQUALLYRAIN010000044088
1760-04-26T13:00-1.07-20.49117PALMAN6:00E593S10:00W114.00-7SE, SEBS, SEBE1ST PART MODERATE, LATTER VERY STRONG SQUALLS OF WINDLIGHTNING AND THUNDERRAIN010010044089
1760-04-27T13:00-3.20-20.4911819.0PALMAN6:00E632S128.00VENTILATED-6SEBEFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY000000044090
1760-04-28T13:00-5.52-20.4911819.0PALMAN6:00E681S139.00VENTILATED-6SEBEFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000044091
1760-04-29T13:00-7.85-20.9910819.0PALMAN6:00E727S12:00W143.00-5SEBE, ESEFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000044092
1760-04-30T13:00-10.83-20.999619.0PALMAN6:00E789S179.00VENTILATED-5ESE, EBSFRESH GALESCLOUDY000000044093
1760-05-01T13:00-12.33-21.6710819.0PALMAN6:00E820SBW1/2W141.00-5EBS, ESE, SEBE, ESEFRESH GALES INTERNIXED WITH SQUALLSRAINCLOUDY010000044094
1760-05-02T13:00-14.32-21.87866.7PALMAN6:00E856S5:00W122.00VENTILATED-4ESE, EBN, E1ST AND LATTER PART MODERATE, MIDDLE FRESH GALESCLOUDY000000044095
1760-05-03T13:00-16.15-22.05756.7PALMAN6:00E895S1/2W110.00VENTILATED-4E, ESE, EBNMODERATEFAIR000000044096
1760-05-04T13:00-18.37-21.87986.7PALMAN6:00E940S5:00E134.00VENTILATED-3EBSMODERATEFAIR000000044097
1760-05-05T13:00-20.43-20.99426.7PALMAN5:00E980S22:00E134.00-3ENE, NE1ST PART, MID AND LATTER MODERATE000000044098
1760-05-06T13:00-21.93-20.423356.7PALMAN4:00E1007S20:00E96.00-3NEBE, N, NNWMODERATE INTERMIXED WITH SQUALLSRAIN010000044099
1760-05-07T13:00-23.03-19.903622.6PALMAN3:00E1030S24:00E73.00-2NNW, VARIABLELITTLE WIND000000044100
1760-05-08T13:00-24.08-19.553622.6PALMAN2:30E1050S17:00E66.00VENTILATED-2ENE, VARIABLELITTLE WIND000000044101
1760-05-09T13:00-25.88-18.2236219.0PALMAN1:00E1086S34:00E130.00-2NWBN, VARIABLEFRESH GALES INTERMIXED WITH SQUALLSVERY UNSETTLED WEATHERRAIN010000044102
1760-05-10T13:00-26.37-16.9736219.0PALMAN1096S68:00E78.00VENTILATED-5VARIABLEFRESH GALES INTERMIXED WITH SQUALLSVERY UNSETTLED WEATHERRAIN010000044103
1760-05-11T13:00-28.73-16.59719.0PALMAN0:23W1133S10:00E114.00-4SEBE, VARIABLE, NE, NBE1ST PART LITTLE WIND, MID MODERATE, LATTER FRESH GALESLATTER RAINFIRST CLOUDY010000044104
1760-05-12T13:00-28.57-12.2021922.6PALMAN4:00W1143S84:00E210.00-6N, NWBN, SWSTRONG GALES AND SQUALLY,RAIN010000044105
1760-05-13T13:00-28.75-9.8526419.0PALMAN7:00W1157S85:00E140.00-6SWBW, WSW, W1ST AND LATTER FRESH GALES, MID MODERATECLOUDY000000044106
1760-05-14T13:00-28.72-8.513622.6PALMAN8:00W1155N89:00E84.00-6W, WSW, NWBW, VARIABLE1ST PART MODERATE, MID AND LATTER LITTLE WINDFIRST PART FAIR000000044107
1760-05-15T12:00-28.48-6.2326.7PALMAN11:00W1157N84:00E130.00-9N, NBE, NBW, NBE1ST AND LATTER MODERATE, MID FRESH GALES AND SQUALLY000000044108
1760-05-16T12:00-27.70-3.763296.7PALMAN13:00W1154N72:00E153.00-9N, ESE, NNWFRESH GALES INTERMIXED WITH SQUALLS, LATTER MODERATERAINLATTER FAIR010000044109
1760-05-17T12:00-27.30-2.432582.6PALMAN15:00W1154N74:00E88.00-12NWBN, WBS, W1ST MODERATE, MID AND LATTER LITTLE WINDFAIR000000044110
1760-05-18T12:00-26.85-2.25892.6PALMAN16:00W1148N41:00E36.00-12W, SWBS, EBSLITTLE WIND, INCLINABLE TO CALMFAIR000000044111
1760-05-19T12:00-26.73-2.042582.6PALMAN16:00W1145N74:00E25.00-12CALM, NBW, W1ST AND MID PART CALM, LATTER LITTLE WIND000000044112
1760-05-20T12:00-26.150.1511219.0PALMAN18:00W1131N75:00E136.00-12WBS, S, SEBEFRESH GALES AND SQUALLY IN THE 1ST, LATTER FRESH GALESRAINLATTER CLOUDY010000044113
1760-05-21T12:00-24.201.3510112.3PALMAN20:00W1124N34:00E140.00-12SEBS, SE, ESEA FINE FRESH TRADE000000044114
1760-05-22T12:00-21.651.6310012.3PALMAN22:00W1078N11:00E156.00-13ESEA FINE FRESH TRADE000000044115
1760-05-23T12:00-18.482.0312212.3PALMAN24:00W1027N10:00E194.00-13ESE, SEA FINE FRESH TRADE000000044116
1760-05-24T12:00-16.101.7714412.3PALMAN25:00W984N143.00-14SE, SEBS, SSEA FINE FRESH TRADE000000044117
1760-05-25T12:00-16.02-1.1614412.3PALMAN24:00W975N87:00W158.00-14SE, SSEA FINE FRESH TRADE000000044118
1760-05-26T12:00-16.05-3.401462.6PALMAN20:00W948N89:00W114.00-12SE, SSEFIRST PART A FRESH TRADE, MIDDLE MODERATE, LATTER LITTLE WINDCAME ON VERY DARK AND CLOUDY TO THE W000000044119
1760-05-27T12:00-16.10-5.50146BARN POINTNWBW4-12SEBS, SE, SSEMODERATE WEATHERMODERATE WEATHER000000044120